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PL
W artykule zostaje podjęty problemem typu bohatera i antybohatera wykreowanego w literaturze przez antyczną kulturę grecką. Z uwagi na to, że problem ten w aspekcie diachronicznym jest bardzo szeroki, dlatego, chcąc dokonać jego pogłębionej analizy, konieczne jest zawężenie pola badawczego. Artykuł podejmuje zatem omawianą kwestię w eposie Homera, przy czym zostają w nim zestawione stworzone przez epika paradygmaty postaw bohaterów mitologicznych z postaciami wykreowanymi przez Eurypidesa. O wyborze tym zadecydował fakt, że utwory obu poetów możemy uznać za reprezentatywne dla ukazania świata wartości epok, w których tworzyli, oraz to, że u wymienionych poetów te same postacie mitologiczne podlegają niekiedy zupełnie odmiennej waloryzacji.
EN
The paper discusses the types of heroes and anti-heroes established in literature by ancient Greek culture. In order to provide a full treatment of the subject, which in its diachronic aspect is very broad, the field of research has been limited. As a result, the present paper analyzes examples of mythological figures in the epic poems of Homer in juxtaposition with those found in Euripidean drama. The two authors have been chosen in view of the fact that their works are model representations of the values of their times as well as of the noticeable differences between them in evaluating the same mythological figures.
EN
Madness is a constant motif in ancient literature. It was often used by playwrights, including the three greatest tragedians of the Classical Greece: Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides. One of the most interesting plays dealing with issues of madness is Euripidean Orestes. This play has received numerous commentaries written by scholiasts, who described all aspects of the state of mania. The article is devoted to the analysis of madness and the corpus of texts are scholia describing Orestes’ disease. Commentaries allow us to establish a definition of mania, show its sources and describe its various physical and mental symptoms. The material presented in the article shows how interesting the phenomenon of madness was for the scholiasts.
Vox Patrum
|
2003
|
vol. 44
35-48
FR
L'article presente l'histoirc et les traits caracteristiques du commentaire biblique come genre litteraire (universalite d'interpretation; caractere dogmatique, moral et spirituel; christocentrisme exegetique; elements de polemique antijuive, antipaienne et antiheretiquc; but scientifique, didactique et spirituel; disposition lineaire; division en livrcs et sections) ainsi que ses differents formes a t'epoque patristique.
EN
L'article presente l'histoire et les traits caracteristiques du commentaire biblique come genre litteraire (universalite d'interpretation; caractere dogmatique, moral et spirituel; christocentrisme exegetique; elements de polemique antijuive, antipaienne et antiheretique; but scientifique, didactique et spirituel; disposition lineaire; division en livrcs et sections) ainsi que ses differents formes a l'epoque patristique.
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