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BEATA ZIÓŁKOWSKA, JOWITA WYCISK, SELF-DESTRUCTION OF CHILDREN AND YOUTH

100%
JAWORSKA J.
Society Register
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2019
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vol. 3
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issue 1
169-172
EN
Anyone who works with the youth knows that the period of adolescence is a specific life-phase for young students. “Socio-cultural changes, changing family patterns, too many incentives and the social pressure in many areas of human’s life” (p. 252) can cause problems, and teenagers often don’t deal appropriately with their feelings, emotions, and expressions. Also during this time, we have come to expect different and often rebellious, as well as undesirable behaviour from the young boys and girls. Every teacher, educator or someone who takes care of such young people, is inclined to support them effectively and when the functional disorders start to appear, they want to react positively towards them and work together to solve their problems. For those people, I would highly recommend the book “Self-destruction children and youth” written by Beata Ziółkowska and Jowita Wycisk.
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Jadłowstręt psychiczny jako przejaw tendencji autodestruktywnych w świetle wybranych koncepcji psychodynamicznych – w stronę promocji wiedzy wśród rodziców i opiekunów

100%
Cichecka-Wilk M.
Rocznik Pedagogiczny
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2020
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vol. 43
227-240
EN
Anorexia nervosa, which is one of the forms of eating disorders, can be considered as a manifestation of a long and very complex process of self-destruction. Although its genesis is usually associated with puberty problems, it is rarely a rapid phenomenon. It should be treated rather as a kind of epilogue of one’s personal history. Malnutrition and weight control appearing in its context are in fact a manifestation of an attempt to cope with the hardships experienced by individual. Therefore, the anorexia nervosa is not just a problem of weight or eating habits, but it’s a way of manifesting the internal problem of the individual. Its form, defined by the otherwise valid canons of beauty or success, and consolidated by behaviours learned during the use of slimming diets, is revealed, however, in connection with specific personality traits. That is why the importance of people with this disorder, to a large extent, of tendencies to self-destructive behaviour, leading more or less consciously to self-destruction and in extreme cases to death, is emphasized. The article deals with the problem of anorexia nervosa as a manifestation of self-destructive tendencies and the issue of factors and mechanisms conditioning the occurrence of self-destructive behaviour from the perspective of selected psychodynamic concepts, indicating the importance of the issue for the care and educational processes.
3
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Self-destruction and self-salvation in Emma Jeleńska-Dmochowska’s novels

88%
Banot A. E.
Świat i Słowo
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2020
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vol. 35(2)
225-238
EN
Emma Jeleńska-Dmochowska’s novels: Young Lady (1899), The Ring (1907), Woman, Miserable Fluff... (1909) seem to be an insightful, though probably unintentional, study of female self-destruction. At the root of this self-destruction is always the male element – the character of a father or brother, cousin, husband. A man who – through a relationship of kinship or affinity – gives the female heroin her status and defines her identity, and who is (or was) the owner or co-owner of the landed property located in the Polesian borderlands. Such story patterns and creations of the heroines are already implemented by the works of Eliza Orzeszkowa (e.g. Two Poles, 1893) and Maria Rodziewiczówna (e.g. Dewajtis, 1889). In my article, I want to trace the similarities (and differences) between the narratives of Jeleńska-Dmochowska and Orzeszkowa. I am also interested in reflecting on whether the analyzed novels of the Rose and Fly author really have such a pessimistic tone. It seems that in these stories of self-destruction one can find their reverses – stories of self-salvation. Finally – I would like to think about the consequences of this double interpretation for the reception of Jeleńska-Dmochowska’s work.
4
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Chroniczna samotność jako czynnik ryzyka zachowań autodestrukcyjnych wśród młodzieży

75%
Katarzyna Wasilewska-Ostrowska K.
Dziecko krzywdzone. Teoria, badania, praktyka
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2018
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vol. 17
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issue 3
63-74
PL
Tekst koncentruje się wokół problemu samotności młodzieży. Zaprezentowano w nim definicje tego zjawiska, jego przyczyny i etapy, przez które może przechodzić człowiek, doświadczając tego stanu. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono jednak na ostatnią fazę tej samotności, tzw. chroniczną, i ukazano ją jako istotny czynnik ryzyka prowadzący do zachowań autodestrukcyjnych wśród młodzieży. Celem artykułu jest dostrzeżenie wyzwania, jakim staje się dziś opracowanie ogólnokrajowej strategii profilaktycznej i interwencyjnej wobec problemu samotności. Jako przykład takich inicjatyw posłużono się Wielką Brytanią, w której od kilku już lat prowadzi się wiele działań na rzecz walki z tym problemem. W zakończeniu przedstawiono propozycje rozwiązań dla naszego kraju dotyczące profilaktyki samotności i systemu wsparcia społecznego dla młodzieży doświadczającej tego stanu.
EN
The text focuses on the problem of loneliness of young people. It presents definitions of this phenomenon, its causes and stages through which a person can pass while experiencing this state. However, special attention was paid to the last phase of this loneliness, the so-called chronic phase and it was shown as an important risk factor leading to self-destructive behaviors among young people. The aim of the article is to recognize the challenge of developing a national strategy of prevention and intervention against the problem of loneliness. The United Kingdom has been used as an example of such initiatives, and for several years now it has been doing a great deal to combat this problem. In the end, proposals of solutions for our country concerning prevention of loneliness and social support system for youth experiencing this condition were presented.
5
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Suicide Death and the Action of Psychoactive Substances on the Body

75%
Włodarczyk R.
Internal Security
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2018
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vol. 10(2)
61-77
EN
This report deals with the possible causes of suicidal death, which is often caused by psychoactive substances. It is not about the impact that damages individual human organs, but about the action that causes changes in an individual’s psyche. Drugs that are taken for various reasons for a long time can cause dependence on them, and sometimes they also lead to the appearance of suicidal thoughts. The author, concerned about the situation of the increasing number of suicides in our country within the last two years, decided to write an article. Mainly, it is targeted at people who often do not realize the possibility of addiction to drugs, the so-called afterburners, alcohol or other psychological means of self-destruction. The case described in the article is aimed at making people aware that addictions take place in different environments, and that individuals with well-being can take their own lives for reasons only known to them. In order to prevent, or at least significantly reduce the number of cases associated with the intake of psychoactive substances, which may also contribute to taking one’s own life, preventive measures are necessary. One should make adults (mainly parents) aware of their unconscious impact on the emergence of addictions to toxic agents on both the physical and mental health of emotionally immature juveniles. The young generation may not see alternatives to a distant future, and it is the duty of those who are responsible for them to show them the sense in continuing their existence.
6
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Czy człowiek ma prawo do samobójstwa?

63%
Tekliński J.
humanistica 21
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2018
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vol. 2
97-128
PL
Śmierć towarzyszy człowiekowi od zarania dziejów, podobnie jak i problematyka samobójstwa, które de facto stanowi istotę śmierci. Z formalnego punktu widzenia każdy człowiek ma prawo do samounicestwienia, wszak na pytanie: „kto mi zabroni?”, w każdym przypadku odpowiedź brzmieć musi: „nikt”. Poza sporem zatem pozostaje fakt, że jednostka ma faktyczną wolność do podjęcia decyzji o czasie i miejscu odejścia. Czy więc człowiek ma prawo do samobójstwa? Niniejsza publikacja stanowi próbę interdyscyplinarnego spojrzenia na prawo człowieka do autodestrukcji i jest podzielona na dwie części, aczkolwiek autor nie wyodrębnia ich podtytułami. Pierwsza poświęcona jest prezentacji poglądów, które mogą przemawiać za istnieniem prawa jednostki do samounicestwienia. Druga zaś koncentruje się na przedstawieniu tych racji, które zdaniem autora mogą prowadzić do wniosków przeciwnych. Przedstawione w opracowaniu rozważania kończy autor prezentacją krótkiej syntezy własnych poglądów na temat prawa człowieka do zadania sobie śmierci, jednak, zdając sobie sprawę ze złożoności poddanej analizie problematyki, kwestię udzielenia odpowiedzi na zadane w tytule pytanie, pozostawia otwartą.
EN
Death has accompanied man since time immemorial, as well as the problem of suicide, which is, in fact, the essence of death. From a formal point of view, every person has the right to self-annihilation, after all the answer to the question: "who will forbid me?" is, in each case "no one". In addition to the dispute, the fact remains that the individual has the actual freedom to decide on the time and place of departure. So, is a man entitled to suicide? The article is an attempt to present an interdisciplinary view on human right to self-destruction and is divided into two parts, although the author does not separate them with subtitles. The first is devoted to the presentation of views that may speak for the existence of the right of the individual to self-annihilation. The second focuses on presenting the reasons which, according to the author, may lead to the opposite conclusions. The article ends with a presentation of a short synthesis of the author’s own views on human right to terminate his life, however, being aware of the complexity of the issue analyzed, the issue of answering the question asked in the title has been leaft open.
7
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Filozofia zrównoważonego rozwoju a realizacja jej postulatów w praktyce

51%
Hull Z.
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
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2019
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vol. 17
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issue 4
5-14
EN
The deepening global ecological crisis raises a question about the practical effectiveness of postulates formulated based on the philosophy of sustainable development. In attempting to answer this question, I assumed that the philosophy of sustainable development is a political philosophy, which functions in the sphere of socio-economic life as a fashionable/binding ideology, approved and postulated by the currently dominating political forces and large companies. When I confronted, on the scale of globalised world, the slogans and declarations with political practice and the functioning of the world economy, I came to the conclusion that the current efforts to implement the idea of sustainable development have only slightly contributed to reducing the threat of a global ecological disaster. In fact, they are a kind of ‘smoke screen’ for business and politicians, who in practice continue the existing course of civilisational development aimed at continuous growth of consumption and GDP. This shows that the philosophy of sustainable development is already practically ineffective and is today not able to cope theoretically with the challenges facing humanity in the 21st century.
PL
Pogłębiający się globalny kryzys ekologiczny prowokuje do postawienia pytania o praktyczną skuteczność postulatów formułowanych na gruncie filozofii zrównoważonego rozwoju. Podejmując próbę odpowiedzi na to pytanie, wyszedłem z założenia, że filozofia zrównoważonego rozwoju jest filozofią polityczną, która w sferze życia społeczno-gospodarczego funkcjonuje jako modna/obowiązująca ideologia, aprobowana i postulowana przez dominujące dziś w świecie siły polityczne i wielki biznes. Konfrontując, w skali zglobalizowanej ludzkości, głoszone hasła i deklaracje z praktyką polityczną i funkcjonowaniem światowej gospodarki, doszedłem do wniosku, że dotychczasowe działania zmierzające do realizacji idei zrównoważonego rozwoju w niewielkim tylko stopniu przyczyniły się do zmniejszenia zagrożeń globalną katastrofą ekologiczną. De facto stanowią one swoistą „zasłonę dymną” dla biznesu i polityków, którzy w realnych działaniach kontynuują dotychczasowy, nakierowany na ciągły wzrost konsumpcji i PKB kierunek rozwoju cywilizacyjnego. Ukazuje to, że filozofia zrównoważonego rozwoju jest już praktycznie nieskuteczna, nie jest dziś w stanie teoretycznie sprostać wyzwaniom, przed jakimi staje ludzkość w XXI w.
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