Search results - CEJSH

1

Exclusion from social relations in later life and the role of gender: a heuristic model

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Aartsen M., Walsh K., Villar F., Lowenstein A., Katz R., Naim S. P., Motel-Klingebiel A., Wanka A., Urbaniak A., Hansen T., Vidovićová L.

Gender a výzkum / Gender and Research

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2021

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vol. 22

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issue 1

16-35

EN

Being socially connected is a universal human need, but a substantial number of older men and women are or become excluded from these connections in later life. Exclusion from social relations (ESR) is unwanted as it undermines people’s ability to lead a healthy, active, and independent life. Policies to reduce this form of exclusion have been limited in effectiveness, due in part to a broader lack of knowledge about the dynamics of social exclusion in older ages and the intersection of social exclusion with gender constructions. To advance our understanding of ESR in later life, we develop a heuristic model based on theories and previous empirical studies. Considering the gendered constructing forces of ESR in older age that can potentially lead to loneliness and reduced health and wellbeing, the model identifies individual drivers, such as biopsychosocial conditions, personal standards and life- -course transitions, and macro-level drivers, such as norms and welfare state provisions. This model can serve as a conceptual platform for further theoretical development and empirical study on the gendered construction of ESR in later life. While our focus is on drivers of ESR and its outcomes, potential reversed effects are also discussed.

2

Assessment of the social exclusion at the regional level using multi-criteria approach: evidence from the Czech Republic

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Vavrek R., Kovářová E.

Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

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2021

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vol. 16

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issue 1

75-102

EN

Research background: Social services are the main social tool used for the prevention and solution of social exclusion and its risk. Services of social prevention are focused on the well-being of the whole society and they prevent it from the influence of a wide range of socio-economic phenomena related to social exclusion, understood in multidimensional terms. Purpose of the article: The purpose of the paper is to evaluate districts of the Czech Republic with respect to selected socio-economic factors that lead or can lead to social exclusion, when the emphasis is placed on the exclusion of children and youth, and to identify the causes of differences existing among these districts within the period of years 2011?2016. Methods: The paper focuses on multi-criterial assessment of districts of the Czech Republic using 23 indicators covering main aspects of social exclusion, which are processed with the Technique of Order Preference Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS technique) in combination with the Coefficient of Variance method used to determine the indicators? weight. The results obtained using these methods are completed by the Moran?s index, Shapiro-Wilk test, Mann-Whitney test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Kendall Rank Coefficient and Levene?s test. Findings & value added: A small number of districts with very negative assessment, with the presence of social exclusion and its higher risk, respectively, are identified. Differences among regions are constant and could not be assigned to randomness or disposable changes in the structure of indicators. Higher number of children born to unmarried mothers can be considered a typical aspect of the districts with higher risk of the social exclusion. The methods applied in the research, whose results and findings are presented in the paper, can be inspiring to further studies focusing on the social exclusion in its multidimensionality. The research is framed with the European Union discourse of social exclusion, thus the presented findings also open space for the comparisons and discussions of the factors associated with the social exclusion in other European Union Member States.

3

SPORT AS A MEANS OF SOCIAL INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION. INTRODUCTION TO THE SPECIAL ISSUE OF SOCIETY REGISTER

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Jakubowska H.

Society Register

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2018

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vol. 2

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issue 1

9-17

EN

This issue consists of nine articles, followed by two books reviews. The contributions reveal that the issues of inclusion and exclusion can be analysed in very different contexts of the sports field, with relation to different sports disciplines, and different groups and countries. The authors provide analysis of their own research, analysis of secondary data, as well as theoretical frameworks and a large number of references. The topics raised and case studies analysed are predominantly very recent.

4

Od nadziei do zwątpienia – o współczesnych kontekstach i mechanizmach wykluczeń społecznych

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Bilon A.

Dyskursy Młodych Andragogów / Adult Education Discourses

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2013

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vol. 14

13-28

EN

In this paper the author indicates the current contexts and mechanisms of social exclusion. The presented analysis is carried out from the critical perspective. The mechanisms of social exclusion have been identified as those of neo-liberal/market character. These are the processes, such as: privatisation, decentralisation, deregulation, competition as well as commodification of social relations. The author discusses the number of incorrect assumptions of neoliberalism and social order based on those assumptions. The conclusion is that the application of those assumptions in practice of social life has caused the emergence of many social problems, namely social inequality, rising unemployment, impoverishment of many social groups, etc. The author also points out that the assumptions underlying the policy being labelled as the Third Way or the concept of inclusive and sustainable development also are pro-market in their character. This indicates that the economic growth is still considered as the main indicator of social development. The author presents the opinion that the social policy conducted in this manner leads to the occurrence of the people’s attitudes of despair and the increase in the feeling of uncertainty that are experienced at both, the individual (especially by people suffering from social exclusion) as well as the social levels. The paper ends up with the question whether and to what extent the generation of young people in Poland is affected by the mechanisms of social exclusion.

5

NEET – młodzi ludzie zagrożeni wykluczeniem społecznym, środowiskowe i indywidualne determinanty zjawiska: zarys problemu

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Stasiła-Sieradzka M., Dobrowolska M.

Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne

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2016

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issue 1(20)

289-299

EN

The article has been touched the problem of NEET s in the EU, as a special case of unemployed young people. Presents the etymology of the concept, the probable risk factors of the phenomenon and the social costs to individual entities. Segmentation in the NEET population it’s a significant problem. NEET is a category that contains a variety of subgroups, some of whom are vulnerable and some are not, with very different experiences, characteristics and needs. Heterogeneity of the NEET determine various forms of helping or intervention. The article also included are current proposals to solve the problem of NEETs in the EU.

6

Ubóstwo w krajach Unii Europejskiej

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Panek T., Zwierzchowski J.

Ekonomista

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2016

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issue 2

180-199

PL

W 2010 r. Rada Europy ustaliła 5 głównych celów strategii „Europa 2020”. Jeden z nich dotyczył promocji integracji społecznej, szczególnie poprzez redukcję ubóstwa. Autorzy artykułu proponują metodę pomiaru ubóstwa pozwalającą na identyfi kację tych krajów UE, które mają największą liczbę ubogich i do których powinny trafi ć największe środki pomocowe w celu osiągnięcia przyjętego w strategii „Europa 2020” celu zmniejszenia liczby najuboższych mieszkańców UE o 20 mln. Proponowana metoda uwzględnia zarówno wskaźniki pieniężne, jak i niepieniężne ukazujące deprywację materialną gospodarstw domowych ludzi najuboższych. Stosując tę metodę, autorzy obliczyli liczbę ludzi biednych i zakres ubóstwa w poszczególnych krajach UE oraz oszacowali koszty fi nansowe zakładanej redukcji ubóstwa.

EN

In 2010, the European Council determined 5 major aims of the strategy ‘Europe 2020’. One of those aims concerned the promotion of social integration, notably by reducing the extent of poverty. The authors of the paper propose a method of measuring the poverty which could help to identify the EU countries having the biggest numbers of the poor and which should receive the biggest fi nancial support needed in order to reduce the total number of the poor in the European Union by 20 million, as assumed in the strategy ‘Europe 2020’. The proposed method takes into consideration both monetary and non-monetary indicators showing material deprivation of the poorest households. Using this method, the authors have estimated the numbers of the poor and the scope of poverty in the individual EU countries and calculated the fi nancial costs of the assumed reduction of the poverty.

RU

В 2010 г. Совет Европы определил 5 главных целей стратегии „Европа 2020”. Одна из них касалась продвижения и поддержки социальной интеграции, прежде всего путем сокращения размеров бедности. Авторы статьи предлагают метод замера бедности, по- зволяющий определить те страны ЕС, в которых количество бедных наиболее велико. Именно туда, выполняя задачу стратегии по сокращению количества бедных на 20 млн. чел., должны быть направлены основные средства помощи. Предлагаемый метод учи- тывает как денежные, так и неденежные показатели, указывающие на материальную депривацию домашних хозяйств самых бедных слоев населения. Авторы с помощью этого метода произвели расчеты количества бедных и структуру бедности в отдельных странах ЕС, а также оценили финансовые затраты по сокращению бедности.

7

Kobiety w muzyce

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Trębaczewska M., Uniwersytet Warszawski; Wydział Stosowanych Nauk Społecznych i Resocjalizacji; Instytut Stosowanych Nauk Społecznych

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Sociologica

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2009

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vol. 34

PL

Kobieca muzyka (Women’s music) to określenie, które zwykło rozumieć się jako muzyka tworzona przez kobiety, muzyka dla kobiet i muzyka o kobietach. Takie rozumienie nie wyczerpuje jednak zagadnienia. W rzeczywistości nie chodzi tu bowiem wyłącznie o podział na muzykę damską i męską a o zwrócenie uwagi na relacje pomiędzy udziałem kobiet w szeroko rozumianej kulturze muzycznej i ich społeczną sytuacją, co jest jednym z podstawowych problemów badawczych muzykologii genderowej. Niniejsze opracowanie ma na celu ukazanie szczególnego typu wykluczenia społecznego kobiet. Odnosząc się do konkretnych przykładów zwraca uwagę na role, jakie kobiety pełnią w muzyce oraz wskazuje, że pomimo znaczących sukcesów w tej dziedzinie wciąż istnieją bariery przypisujące kobiecej muzyce określoną, wyznaczoną przez płeć, niższą jakość zawężając niekiedy ich udział wyłącznie do tematyki tekstów. Na uwagę zasługuje jednak fakt, iż coraz częściej w społeczeństwie spotyka się pogląd, że kultura muzyczna jest dla wszystkich, bo w muzyce nie płeć jest ważna, ale sama muzyka.

EN

Women’s music is usually understood as the music made by women, music for women, and music about women. It doesn’t however exhaust the subject. In reality, it is not only about dividing music into women’s and men’s – it is about showing the relationship between culture of music and women’s situation in society, which is one of the main research topics of gender musicology. The aim of this paper is to show specific type of women social exclusion. Based on examples it indicates the roles women fulfill in music as well as the barriers that make, in spite of numerous success, women’s music worse because of their gender which negatively influences the quality but also limits women’s role to being only the lyrics subjects. In the end it is worth saying, that many people think about music in general context – it is not important who made the music because it’s the music, not gender that really matters.

8

2010

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Gedžūne G., Gedžūne I.

Journal of Teacher Education for Sustainability

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2010

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vol. 12

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issue 1

85-99

EN

This study explores pre-service teachers' views on the features and causes of social exclusion in the context of educational unsustainability. The data from expert questionnaires, assessment of research participants' personal experience with social exclusion in educational setting, their current understanding of the problem and individual suggestions for solving it were analysed qualitatively. The results indicate that, in teachers' opinion, social exclusion in education can be caused by subjective and objective factors – pupils' personal characteristics, school climate, parental influence and social causes. The research participants particularly emphasise teacher's role in reducing pupils' social exclusion by adhering to values, such as fairness, equality, empathy, cooperation and respect. The research results highlight the need for addressing the issue of social exclusion in teacher education programmes by raising future teachers' awareness of the problem and their responsibility to overcome it.

9

About social exclusion in rural areas in France: the case of elderly

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Gucher C.

EXLIBRIS Biblioteka Gerontologii Społecznej

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2015

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issue 2(10)/2015 Social Policy and Models of Services for the Elderly International Perspective

71-86

EN

Rural areas are frequently considered as likely to generate isolation, loneliness and risks of social exclusion for vulnerable people who live there. With investigations in two types of rural areas – fragile rural environments and rural areas subject to periurbanisation, we analyse interactions between the characteristics of the populations and characteristics of territories in the occurrence of social segregation and exclusion processes. Th e analysis will be based on the situation of pensioners and elderly people. We will show how residential and social trajectories of the people constitute an essential factor of inclusion vs exclusion in these territories.

10

Application of action research methodology in the process of developing tools and solutions used in social practice in the field of the social exclusion phenomenan

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Potorska A. B.

Journal of Education Culture and Society

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2017

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vol. 8

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issue 1

167-180

EN

This aim of this article is to present the research process using the action research method in the project titled “Development of the empowerment of educators and beneficiaries in the field of youth at risk and social exclusion” implemented within the Erasmus Plus programme in which the author of this article participated. The process of operationalisation of the social exclusion category and the characteristics of the methodology of action research were performed in this article. The project objectives were set out and the team appointed to carry out the research on the issue of the development of the empowerment of educators and beneficiaries working with adults at risk of social exclusion was described. The article subjects the research process implemented by the team of investigators to analysis and identifies the turning points in this process. Conclusions concerning the specificity and usefulness of action research in searching for social practice solutions in the field of social exclusion have also been provided on the basis of practical experience.

11

Wolontariat jako forma aktywizacji zawodowej osób zagrożonych wykluczeniem społecznym

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Sarad-Deć K.

Roczniki Pedagogiczne

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2013

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vol. 5(41)

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issue 4

163-174

EN

Voluntary involvement may be one of the most efficient instruments policy combating exclusion. By shaping proper civic attitudes, by a possibility of gaining professional experience and contacting various groups, people who are members of groups threatened with social exclusion have the possibility to test their chances at the labor market. The article presents the value of voluntary service as an efficient tool for counteracting social exclusion, especially with respect to young people who remain unemployed, and whose situation at the open labor market is unfavorable. Social and professional activation realized through voluntary service is presented in the context of integration activities of the European Union, as well as Polish documents referring to realization of the social cohesion policy.

12

Aktywizacja osób starszych w środowisku miejskim jako forma przeciwdziałania wykluczeniu społecznemu

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Majer R., Długosza Częstochowa A. J.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica

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2013

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vol. 297

EN

The process of social exclusion influences especially the dynamically aging Polish society, particularly elderly persons living in an urban environment. There are many factors influencing the exclusion from the society, which include: the economic, health and living environment factors. Social inclusion of the seniors should be conducted on all levels of the social policy, however the most important role should be played by the local governments. Only on the local level it is possible to recognize the reasons for social exclusion and create a system in which a number of entities will include the eldest citizens to the society by way of a process of social activation. The process of activation should be programmed, realized and monitored, because only then it will become a successful process which will create a real chance to counteract social exclusion of seniors. In the introduction to the article, the author presents the theoretical aspects of social exclusion and the goals of the inclusion process. In the part devoted to the abilities of influencing social policies by the local government, the author presents an example of Częstochowa as a city that has created a senior aid program. In the third part of the article the author presents the results of the studies based on the monographic sheets of the Senior Initiative Bank, according to which, the range of the activation activities for the local senior society can be evaluated.

13

Migrant Children and Youth “On the Move”: Between the Legacy of the Past and Challenges of the Future

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Markowska-Manista U., Sawicki K.

Kultura i Edukacja

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2019

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issue 2(124)

9-23

EN

The paper presents thematic analyses relating to migration processes, situated between the Legacy of the Past and Challenges of the Future. The authors focus on a complex migration process referring to key factors that characterise it as well as dominant concepts in host societies: segregation and integration. The theoretical considerations undertaken in the text are primarily oriented towards presenting the diverse situation of Migrant Children and Youth “On the Move” as a category of the young generation affected by migration processes. The text is an attempt to reflect on the functioning of migrant backgrounds in the context of children’s and adolescents’ integration with the new place of residence. Particular attention was drawn to fragile areas generating distance, social exclusion and consequently hindering the process of integration.

14

Proces usamodzielnienia wychowanków placówek opiekuńczo-wychowawczych – wybrane aspekty

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Chrzanowska P.

Studia BAS

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2017

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issue 2(50)

147-168

EN

The article explores the process of transition into independent living of young people leaving institutional care system in Poland. The first section discusses the concept of autonomy as a crucial trait to the process of becoming independent from the others (institutions or individuals). In the next section this process is analysed together with its essential element, i.e. financial assistance. In the third section the author presents data related to the care institutions and the number of its beneficiaries in Poland. The final section contains an overview of the main issues experienced by the people becoming independent and a set of recommendations aimed at improving the efficiency of this process.

15

Kobiety w muzyce

100%

Trębaczewska M.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Sociologica

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2009

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issue 34

205-227

EN

Women’s music is usually understood as the music made by women, music for women, and music about women. It doesn’t however exhaust the subject. In reality, it is not only about dividing music into women’s and men’s – it is about showing the relationship between culture of music and women’s situation in society, which is one of the main research topics of gender musicology. The aim of this paper is to show specific type of women social exclusion. Based on examples it indicates the roles women fulfill in music as well as the barriers that make, in spite of numerous success, women’s music worse because of their gender which negatively influences the quality but also limits women’s role to being only the lyrics subjects. In the end it is worth saying, that many people think about music in general context – it is not important who made the music because it’s the music, not gender that really matters.

PL

Kobieca muzyka (Women’s music) to określenie, które zwykło rozumieć się jako muzyka tworzona przez kobiety, muzyka dla kobiet i muzyka o kobietach. Takie rozumienie nie wyczerpuje jednak zagadnienia. W rzeczywistości nie chodzi tu bowiem wyłącznie o podział na muzykę damską i męską a o zwrócenie uwagi na relacje pomiędzy udziałem kobiet w szeroko rozumianej kulturze muzycznej i ich społeczną sytuacją, co jest jednym z podstawowych problemów badawczych muzykologii genderowej. Niniejsze opracowanie ma na celu ukazanie szczególnego typu wykluczenia społecznego kobiet. Odnosząc się do konkretnych przykładów zwraca uwagę na role, jakie kobiety pełnią w muzyce oraz wskazuje, że pomimo znaczących sukcesów w tej dziedzinie wciąż istnieją bariery przypisujące kobiecej muzyce określoną, wyznaczoną przez płeć, niższą jakość zawężając niekiedy ich udział wyłącznie do tematyki tekstów. Na uwagę zasługuje jednak fakt, iż coraz częściej w społeczeństwie spotyka się pogląd, że kultura muzyczna jest dla wszystkich, bo w muzyce nie płeć jest ważna, ale sama muzyka.

16

Udział w kulturze a wykluczenie społeczne dzieci i młodzieży

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Skwarek J., Kowerski M., Klimczuk B.

Zamojskie Studia i Materiały – Seria Pedagogika

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2011

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vol. 13

9-19

EN

This article concerns the problem of dangers relating to the school educational process, connected with the occurrence of the phenomena of the social exclusion of children and young people. Some results of the empirical research carried out on middle-school students from Zamość schools are presented, as well as the analysis of the research and some possible ways of solving the problems in question connected with the students’ cultural activity. In order to estimate the phenomenon of social exclusion, a special “index of a student’s resistance to social exclusion” was created. Three indexes of a student’s participation in the cultural life were defined: “an index of passive participation in the cultural life”, “an index of active participation in the cultural life” and “an index of the creative participation in the cultural life”. The results of the estimation of the regression models of the index of a student’s resistance to social exclusion in relation to the index of a student’s participation in the cultural life and other control variables were presented.

17

Dreams of people with moderate intellectual disabilities

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Żuraw H.

Szkoła Specjalna

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2018

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vol. LXXIX(5)

325-340

EN

Dreams defined as a form of mental activity that focuses on fulfilling desires, aims, and plans regarding one’s life are a synthetic reflection of a human being’s past and presence, and his or her vision of the future. Exploring dreams has cognitive, ethical, and practical dimensions. It provides knowledge of a person’s inner life and the quality of his or her experiences. Analysis of the dreams of people with moderate intellectual disabilities expresses respect for their humanity. The findings of explorations regarding the dreams of this group of people can serve as a predictor in developing practical solutions to improve the quality of their lives. The paper presents information on the dreams of women with moderate intellectual disabilities. Their dreams refer to something that is beyond them – to the issues of self-esteem, independence, social response to disability, and the features of their situation in life. Their dreams show exclusion from the privilege of adulthood, that is – from independence. They show a strong bond between the women and their mothers, their desire to enhance their lives, and their aiming at stabilization and being among familiar, close people. Observations made in the study suggest the need for institutions that will replace motherly care in the future and will allow an enriched life.

18

W poszukiwaniu sensu społecznego wykluczenia

100%

Pluciński P.

Nowa Krytyka

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2013

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issue 30/31

371-376

EN

Book review of "Nieobecność społeczna. W poszukiwaniu sensów i znaczeń" [Social Exclusion: In Search of the Meanings], ed. Zbigniew Galor, Barbara Goryńska-Bittner

19

Distance learning in the time of pandemic as a challenge facing the equal status of the public school

100%

Ernst-Milerska R.

Studia z Teorii Wychowania

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2020

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vol. XI(4(33))

193-210

EN

A public school is an institution for all pupils in a given administrative region. In its actions, it must be guided by the principles of tolerance and social egalitarianism. Social egalitarianism is framed in terms of equal educational opportunities and social justice. The COVID-19 pandemic has forced a significant change in the school practice. Distance learning has become the main form. In this article, we discuss the issue of public school social egalitarianism in the context of the results of the students’ opinion poll on the transformation of traditional forms of education into distance learning.

20

Particular art. On the artistic work of Łukasz Surowiec

100%

Kosterska A.

Anthropos?

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2016

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issue 25 Na uboczu

145-157

EN

Based on an analysis of the works of Łukasz Surowiec, demonstrated at the exhibition Dziady (2013) in The Bunkier Sztuki Gallery in Cracow, the author examines the ways in which Surowiec's art interferes with the realm of political. She draws on the concepts of Jacques Ranciere's le partage du sensible and Andrzej Turowski's particular art to point on some innovative strategies the artist uses in order to subvert the existing, stabilized visual regimes of homelessness and social exclusion. The aim of this article is to answer the question, if and how the work of Surowiec contributes to a political change.

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