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PL
The aim of the article is to present and analyze the selected phraseologisms with a somatic component naming feelings which were noted down from the novel of Władysław Stanisław Reymont entitled Chłopi (“The Peasants”). The analysis comprised 175 examples excerpted from the text, constituting just a part of collected research material. Compilation and organization of the exemplary material made it possible to assert that in the studied text the largest group constitute somatic phraseologisms being the designations of negative feelings and possessing in their lexical composition the noun serce (heart). Much less often there appear phraseologisms with other names of body parts, such as skóra (skin), gardziel (throat), głowa (head) or włosy (hair). In most cases the studied somatic phraseologisms occur in the canonical form, sometimes are creatively transformed by the author. In the studied material, the somatic phraseologisms designating positive feelings constitute a less numerous group. Also in this group, there dominate the compounds with a component serce (heart), while with other somatic components are less numerous. Also in this group, the idiomatic phrases occur in canonical forms or are creatively transformed by the author. Research conducted in the group of somatic phraseologisms designating emotional states enabled scholars to state that the novel of Reymont provides rich phraseological material in the form of canonical compounds, functionally justified innovation and metaphorical expressions, which, with respect to their structure and function, resemble phraseologisms. Among the phraseologisms where the writer’s intervention is noticeable, the author-at the level of language-refers to the world of values and cultural behaviours of peasant community of the village of Lipce. What is more, referring in the description of feelings to somatic phraseology, Reymont also emphasises a vital relationship between subjectively experienced feelings and an accompanying physiological reaction by an organism.
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PL
The paper discusses selected Lower Sorbian idiomatic expressions with somatic components. The author talks about somatisms and somatic phraseology in general, as well as presents different types of idiomatic motivation. A theoretical section is followed by the presentation of a corpus of somatic idioms taken fromDolnoserbsko-nimski słownik/Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch by Manfred Starosta. The analysis of the idiomatic expressions shows how Lower Sorbian somatic phraseological units make use of somatic lexemes, as well as demonstrates the various types of motivation behind the actual senses of the examined expressions.
EN
The subject of analysis are Polish and Bulgarian idioms with the nominal component oko – oczy / ... – ... [eye – eyes]. An ideographic model of somatic idiom systematization based on the anthropocentric scheme of ideas by the Russian researcher Tatiana Nikitina was used for their presentation. The author focused on group one of the model. It comprises idioms that refer to the man, including to the man as a living and acting being and his internal world. When defining the man as a living and acting being, one can distinguish his characteristic features, process and conditions that are connected with different periods of life, physique, existential needs, physical condition, general sensation, sense perception, feelings and physical activity. The idioms excerpted in the article cover almost all of the above areas.
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