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EN
The article is an attempt at an initiatory, quantitative and semantic verification of Italian loanwords in the field of medicine and related sciences in the contemporary Polish language. In the introductory part, the aim and the methodology adopted in the research are described. The criteria for identifying loanwords depend on the assumed research perspective: for one-sided research, a loanword from Italian may be considered both a lexeme of Italian origin adopted into the Polish language and a lexeme of any other origin, provided that it was borrowed into Polish via Italian (e.g. the word gabinet). In the case of contrastive research, on the other hand, only a lexeme of Italian origin can be considered as an Italian loanword (an Italianism), regardless of the language through which it came into the Polish language (e.g. the lexeme malaria). The further part of the article is an analytical segment devoted entirely to Italianisms present in Polish medical terminology. In this part, the initial corpus was analysed in order to preparatively verify the number of Italianisms occurring in Polish medical terminology. Then, the separated target research corpus was subjected to a qualitative analysis. The analysis confirmed that – taking into account the requirement of Italian origin – the number of Italianisms in Polish medical terminology is lower than what is shown in the sources consulted.
EN
This paper concerns the vocabulary of the Church’s law and administration in Latin texts written during the Middle Ages in Poland and its automatic extraction using the methods of corpus linguistics. The first part of this article considers the basic theoretical assumptions of the automatic extraction of this specialized vocabulary and the main characteristics of the Electronic Corpus of Polish Medieval Latin. In the second part presents the methods and results of term extraction. For the purpose of this research, a specialized subcorpus, including synodal statues and documents of ecclesiastical chapters, was created and then compared with the reference corpus. As a result, a list of lexemes, which appeared relatively frequently in the subcorpus and rarely in the reference corpus, was obtained. This difference in relative frequency was the main criterion for the recognition of potential terminological units. Verification on the basis of lexicographic data demonstrated the effectiveness of the adopted methods. The aim of this paper was to present the usefulness of the Electronic Corpus of Polish Medieval Latin for the research and analysis of specialized vocabulary.
EN
The article presents the “model” of teaching specialized vocabulary in elementary (A1 and A2) level groups, which has been developed at the International Centre of Education of the Cracow University of Technology. As the example illustrating this „model“ served the courses in architecture and history of art vocabulary. The first part of the text presents the most important information concerning the organization of the specialized vocabulary course. The rest of the article is devoted to the role of the text in the specialized vocabulary class at the MCK PK. It shows teaching techniques used in courses and cites examples of exercises. The text ends with a brief description of the difficulties which may arise during the teaching of specialized vocabulary in A level groups and description of successful graduates of the course carried out in the MCK PK.
PL
Artykuł prezentuje „model” nauczania słownictwa specjalistycznego w grupach na poziomie podstawowym A1 i A2, wypracowany w Międzynarodowym Centrum Kształcenia Politechniki Krakowskiej1. Został on przedstawiony na podstawie kursów leksyki architektonicznej oraz leksyki z dziedziny historii sztuki. Najważniejsze informacje dotyczące ich organizacji przedstawiono w pierwszej części tekstu. Dalsze fragmenty zostały poświęcone roli tekstu na zajęciach specjalistycznych, wykorzystywanym technikom nauczania oraz przykładowym zadaniom. Artykuł kończy opis trudności pojawiających się w czasie nauczania wspomnianego typu słownictwa w grupach początkujących oraz krótki opis sukcesów absolwentów kursu przygotowującego obcokrajowców do podjęcia studiów w Polsce, realizowanego w MCK PK.
EN
The article is devoted to the problem of the changes taking place in legal language, among others under the influence of the dynamic political and social situation. The paper will present lexical and semantic changes that have taken place over the centuries in the specialized vocabulary of the Polish and German criminal law. The analysis will be carried out on the example of selected Polish and German legal terms and expressions.
PL
Artykuł jest poświęcony zagadnieniu zmian w języku prawa zachodzących m.in. pod wpływem zmieniającej się sytuacji politycznej i społecznej. W artykule zostaną przedstawione zmiany leksykalne i znaczeniowe, jakie dokonały się na przestrzeni wieków w słownictwie specjalistycznym polskiego i niemieckiego prawa karnego. Analiza zostanie przeprowadzona na przykładzie wybranych polskich i niemieckich terminów i wyrażeń prawnych.
DE
Der Artikel ist der Frage der Veränderungen gewidmet, die u. a. unter dem Einfluss der dynamischen politischen und sozialen Situation in der Rechtssprache erfolgen. Im Artikel werden lexikalische und semantische Veränderungen präsentiert, die sich im Laufe der Jahrhunderte im Fachwortschatz des polnischen und des deutschen Strafrechts vollzogen haben. Die Analyse wird am Beispiel der ausgewählten polnischen und deutschen Rechtstermini und -ausdrücke durchgeführt.
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