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1

Biada zwyciężonym – gospodarka i relacje społeczne w kulturze lateńskiej

100%

Gralak T.

Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia

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2021

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vol. 26

59-87

EN

The economy of any community depends on the values which are considered to be the most important. Social organization and technologies are subordinated to their implementation. In traditional societies, including people of the La Tène culture, the most significant issues concerned the status of individuals and the resulting interpersonal relations. The position in rank was manifested and gained through participation in military expeditions. The economy was subordinated to military action. Nonetheless, new technologies and financial solutions created opportunities for military success. This, however, has its price in enormous social inequalities and almost permanent war.

2

Structural Violence

100%

Chrobak K.

Horyzonty Polityki

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2022

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vol. 13

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issue 42

171-186

EN

Research Objective: The article aims to analyse the concept of structural violence to outline its essential theoretical references. The Research Problem and Methods: The main problem raised in the text is the distinction of structural violence against other forms of violence. The article uses the method of conceptual analysis supplemented with case studies. The Process of Argumentation: The definition of structural violence proposed in the paper emphasizes the presence of intentional or unintentional systemic conditions that violate or limit the rights of individuals or groups. In the order of analysis, structural violence is first distinguished from other forms of violence: personal and legitimist. There are three forms of structural violence manifestation: social injustice, direct violence caused by an unjust social system, and a permanent threat embedded in the social system. In connection with the above, the possibility of identifying structural violence with theoretical tools developed by John Rawls to specify the conditions of structural justice is indicated. As a critical complement to this approach, a caveat is discussed that shows that however useful, Rawls’s approach may not be sufficient. Finally, the issue of cultural and symbolic violence is analysed. Research Results: The conclusion drawn from the presented analysis is that structural violence is inextricably linked with social structure. A significant difficulty in minimizing it is that its sources are often invisible, remaining somewhat outside the framework of the current social paradigm. Therefore, the fight against this type of violence requires far-reaching interventions at the level of public awareness. Conclusions, Innovations, and Recommendations: Recommendations that can be derived from the above considerations focus on the need to conduct social campaigns that have the opportunity to gradually change social awareness and the often unconscious social status quo.

3

Global Challenges, Culture and Development

86%

Staniszkis J.

Polish Sociological Review

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2007

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vol. 159

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issue 3

263-282

EN

This paper examines the comparative suitability of Chinese and Western European philosophies of power vis-`a-vis globalization. TheAuthor argues that the patent feebleness of themodernEuropean state represents the demise of the post-Enlightenment model of power, one based on uniform, hierarchically organized standards of formal rationality-and she contrasts this with China’s pursuit of steerability as based upon a stratified system of logics that deliberately hearkens to divergent standards of rationality. The Author proposes that to govern in the era of globalization means not to sniff out irrationalities as within the Enlightenment formula, but to build institutional and mental bridges between a system’s differing rationalities and topographies at both the micro and macro levels. She also offers an analysis of Russia’s ongoing radical pursuit of the Enlightenment paradigm, and notes that the weakly “theoretized,” flexible practice of the English world’s utilitarianism and pragmatism can be treated as a suitable option for a globalized world-an option deprived, however, of the intellectual seductiveness of the Asian philosophy of power. In the later case, the epistemology rather than axiology is a decisive dimension

4

A dimensão subjetiva no processo saúde/enfermidade/atenção – reflexões envolvendo uma comunidade rural haitiana

72%

Gioda F., Faqueti A.

Revista del CESLA. International Latin American Studies Review

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2020

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issue 25

233-250

EN

The symbolic dimension of the health/illness/care is present in the representation of illnesses differently in each social group In this representation, the etiological conceptualization and healing strategies can include a multiplicity of knowledge, which guide the patient's therapeutic path. The explanatory model used by the community of Kaydesa, Haiti, reveals a series of symbols and cultural constructions involved in affliction and illness, which highlights the influence of psychosocial perspectives in this process. This article sheds light on the subjective aspect of the health /illness /care process and, from this perspective, reflect theoretical propositions on the placebo and nocebo action mediated by the vodou culture, as well as the position of official medicine in relation to these concepts in the local socio-economic context. Conclusion: from the reflections it is possible to recognize the connection between the placebo and nocebo effect in the health /disease /care process and to identify the influence of structural violence in the public health area in Kaydesa, which manifests itself interfering in the representation of diseases and in the health practices of local residents.

ES

A dimensão simbólica do processo saúde/enfermidade/atenção está presente na representação das enfermidades de forma diferente em cada grupo social. Nesta representação, a conceituação etiológica e as estratégias de cura podem incluir uma multiplicidade de saberes, as quais orientam o percurso terapêutico do paciente. O modelo explicativo utilizado pela comunidade de Kaydesa, Haiti, revela uma série de símbolos e construções culturais envolvidos na aflição e na enfermidade, onde salienta-se a influência das perspectivas psicossociais neste processo e o legado histórico da violência estrutural. Este artigo pretende lançar luz acerca dos aspectos subjetivos do processo saúde/enfermidade/atenção e sob este prisma refletir proposições teóricas sobre a ação placebo e nocebo mediada pela cultura vodou, bem como a postura da medicina oficial frente a estes conceitos no contexto sócio econômico local. Conclusão: a partir das reflexões é possível reconhecer a conexão existente entre o efeito placebo e nocebo no processo saúde/enfermidade/atenção e identificar a influência da violência estrutural no âmbito da saúde pública em Kaydesa, a qual manifesta-se interferindo na representação das doenças e nas práticas em saúde dos moradores locais.

5

Gewalt gegenüber Familien. Theologisch-ethische Herausforderungen

58%

Marschütz G.

Forum Teologiczne

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2015

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vol. 16

7-22

DE

Gewalt wird im Zusammenhang mit Familie zumeist als Gewalt in der Familie verstanden. Hierzu gibt es seit einigen Jahrzehnten zahlreiche Studien. Dieser Artikel behandelt dagegen jene Formen von struktureller und kultureller Gewalt, denen Familien als ein soziales Teilsystem im Kontext moderner Gesellschaften unausweichlich ausgesetzt sind. Im Anschluss an begriffliche Klärungen zur Gewalt, insbesondere zur strukturellen und kulturellen Gewalt, werden zunächst die strukturellen, individuellen und kulturellen Pluralisierungsprozesse der Moderne in ihren fundamentalen Auswirkungen auf Familien aufgezeigt. Sodann werden zentrale Aspekte der strukturellen und kulturellen Gewalt gegenüber Familien verdeutlicht. Diese haben zur Folge, dass die Familie im Kontext moderner Gesellschaften sowohl in ihrer Gründungsbereitschaft als auch in ihrer Lebensfähigkeit immer mehr gefährdet ist. Theologisch-ethische Herausforderungen verweisen nicht nur auf die Aufgabe einer umfassenden Familienpolitik, sondern auch darauf, dass die spezifische Eigenlogik von Ehe und Familie als Lebensform von Würde begleitet und ermutigt wird.

PL

Mówiąc o przemocy w kontekście rodzinnym, przeważnie bierze się pod uwagę przemoc wewnątrz rodzin. W wielu badaniach przeanalizowano to zjawisko. Autor artykułu zajmuje się formami strukturalnej i kulturowej przemocy nad rodzinami, którą spotyka się w naszych społeczeństwach. Najpierw wyjaśnia koncepcję przemocy, zwłaszcza przemocy strukturalnej i kulturowej. Następnie omawia strukturalne, kulturowe i indywidualne procesy pluralizacji w nowoczesnym społeczeństwie oraz ich wpływ na rodziny. Wreszcie zwraca uwagę na kluczowe aspekty przemocy kulturowej i strukturalnej, na które napotykają rodziny. Aspekty te wskazują na utrudnienia w zakładaniu rodzin oraz obrazują, w jaki sposób wpływają na życie rodzin już istniejących. Analiza problematyki w perspektywie teologiczno-etycznej pozwoliła na wniosek o konieczności wzywania do odpowiedzialnej polityki rodzinnej i upewniania się, że małżeństwo i rodzina są wspierane zgodnie z potrzebami wynikającymi z godności oraz logiki.

EN

When we talk about violence in the context of the family, we mostly consider violence within families. A fair amount of studies have analysed this phenomenon. This article, however, deals with the forms of structural and cultural violence families encounter in our societies. First, we will clarify conceptions on violence, especially on structural and cultural violence. Then, we will talk about the structural, cultural and individual processes of pluralization in our modern society, and about the way these processes affect families. Finally, we will point out the crucial aspects of cultural and structural violence that families encounter. These aspects have proven to make it difficult for people to found a family to begin with, and for already existing families to survive. From a theological-ethical perspective, we have to call for a responsible family policy, and make sure that marriage and the family are encouraged in their specific dignity and logic.

6

Prison Nation: African Americans and the Violence of Modern Neoliberal State

58%

Penier I.

Społeczeństwo. Edukacja. Język

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2017

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vol. 1(5)

39-51

EN

This essay focuses on widespread structural violence against American ethnic minorities. It argues that what is missing from media coverage of America’s interracial violence and public debates surrounding this issue is an account of how violence that inheres in social, economic and power relations contributes to inter-racial conflicts in the US. The economic deprivation and political marginalisation of African Americans and other US minorities is a well-known fact, but its connection to racially motivated violence, especially that unleashed by the oppressed groups on the oppressive majority, is, more often than not, pushed to the backburner in mainstream public debates.

PL

Tematem tego eseju jest strukturalna przemoc, jakiej amerykańskie mniejszości etniczne doświadczają ze strony państwa. Esej utrzymuje, że w rasizm oraz między-etniczne konflikty są efektem ekonomicznej, politycznej i kulturowej dyskryminacji kolorowej populacji Stanów Zjednoczonych. Debaty publiczne oraz relacje medialne dotyczące kwestii konfliktów etnicznych przemocy na tle rasowej są w dużej mierze zdominowane przez analizy dotyczące poszczególnych incydentów, takich jak morderstwa dokonane przez Dylanna Roofa. Mniej uwagi natomiast poświęca się usankcjonowanej przez państwo przemocy wobec marginalizowanym i kryminalizowanym mniejszościom, o której mówią prawie wyłącznie tylko środowiska akademickie, aktywiści społeczni i agencje pozarządowe.

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1 Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia

1 Forum Teologiczne

1 Horyzonty Polityki

1 Polish Sociological Review

1 Revista del CESLA. International Latin American Studies Review

1 Społeczeństwo. Edukacja. Język

1 Chrobak K.

1 Faqueti A.

1 Gioda F.

1 Gralak T.

1 Marschütz G.

1 Penier I.

1 Staniszkis J.

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