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1

The Regime of the Synodality in the Eastern Church of the First Millennium and Its Canonical Basis

100%

Dură N.

Ecumeny and Law

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2019

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vol. 7

29-52

PL

The synodal form of organisation - sought and established for His Church by Her Founder, that is, by Our Lord Jesus Christ, and affirmed by His Apostles - was also expressly reaffirmed by the canonical legislation of the Eastern Church of the first millennium. By adapting the form of administrative-territorial organisation of the Church to that of the Roman State - sanctioned by the canons of the Ecumenical Synods (cf. can. 4, 6 Sin. I Ec.; 2, 6 Sin. II Ec.; 9, 17, 28 Sin. IV Ec.; 36 Sin. VI Ec.) - in the life of the Eastern Church several types of synods appeared, starting with the eparchial (metropolitan) synod of a local Church and ending with the patriarchal synod, both still present in the autocephalous Churches of Eastern Orthodoxy.

2

Parafialne Rady Duszpasterskie jako wyraz synodalności Kościoła

100%

Biela B.

Studia Pastoralne

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2022

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vol. 18

117-135

EN

Synodality is an integral part of the nature of the Church. It is, however, not so much an event or a slogan, but rather a style of life and an approach through which the Church lives out her evangelizing mission in the world. In the implementation of this mission, the Pastoral Council has a particular role to play in the parish. However, for it to truly fulfil its role in building the parish into a community of communities it must be based on the three essential pillars of the synodal Church: communion, participation, and mission. The article shows how these three dimensions emerge from the Church’s teaching, what the actual situation is and what are the essential facts that influence the Parish Pastoral Council to serve the synodal life in the parish.

3

The Importance of the Diocesan Synod to the Particular Church

89%

Kantor R.

The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II

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2019

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vol. 9

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issue 2

PL

“Particular Churches, in which and from which, the one and only Catholic Church exists, are principally dioceses. Unless the contrary is clear, the following are equivalent to a diocese: a territorial prelature, a territorial abbacy, a vicariate apostolic, a prefecture apostolic and a permanently established apostolic administration” (canon 368 of the Code of Canon Law). In December 2016, the Bishop of Tarnów convened the 5th Synod of the Diocese of Tarnów. The main purpose of a Synod – in the opinion of the Bishop of Tarnów – was to demonstrate the spiritual, pastoral and material heritage of the Christ’s Church in the Diocese of Tarnów; to revive faith, hope and love in the personal and community relationship with Christ in the Church; and to indicate new pastoral ways in the changeability of the world towards the unchangeability of Christ. Taking this into consideration the article analyzes the following issues: the definition of a synod; the purpose of a synod; convocation of and presiding over a diocesan synod; the preparation of a synod; Pope Francis about synodality, and finally “The Church is our neighbour” – a synod as an expression of love for the Church.

4

The Importance of the Diocesan Synod to the Particular Church

88%

Kantor R.

The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II

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2019

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vol. 9

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issue 2

231-244

EN

“Particular Churches, in which and from which, the one and only Catholic Church exists, are principally dioceses. Unless the contrary is clear, the following are equivalent to a diocese: a territorial prelature, a territorial abbacy, a vicariate apostolic, a prefecture apostolic and a permanently established apostolic administration” (canon 368 of the Code of Canon Law). In December 2016, the Bishop of Tarnów convened the 5th Synod of the Diocese of Tarnów. The main purpose of a Synod – in the opinion of the Bishop of Tarnów – was to demonstrate the spiritual, pastoral and material heritage of the Christ’s Church in the Diocese of Tarnów; to revive faith, hope and love in the personal and community relationship with Christ in the Church; and to indicate new pastoral ways in the changeability of the world towards the unchangeability of Christ. Taking this into consideration the article analyzes the following issues: the definition of a synod; the purpose of a synod; convocation of and presiding over a diocesan synod; the preparation of a synod; Pope Francis about synodality, and finally “The Church is our neighbour” – a synod as an expression of love for the Church.

5

Synodalność we wspólnotach niekatolickich inspiracją dla Kościoła katolickiego?

88%

Sawa P.

Studia Pastoralne

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2022

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vol. 18

23-47

EN

The article presents the forms of synodality in the different strands of Christianity: in the Eastern (Orthodox and Oriental), Old Catholic, Anglican, Lutheran, Reformed, Methodist and Evangelical Churches. The main mechanisms operating in the different denominations and their theological justification are indicated. This experience can inspire the Catholic search for living out synodality and the co-responsibility of all the baptized for the life and mission of the community. The text contains exemplary models of synodality in specific groups of Churches and Christian communities, and at the same time attempts to formulate postulates for discussion in the Catholic Church. Thus, on the one hand, the work has a reporting and systematizing character, and on the other hand, it can provoke conversation about the synod and synodality as the normal functioning of the community of the baptized.

6

Blessed Are Those Who Do Not Know the Future of the Church. A Plea for Negative Ecclesiology

88%

Jos M.

Studia Theologica Varsaviensia

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2022

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vol. 60

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issue 1

65-78

EN

What will the future of the church look like? What type of mission should the church commit herself to? Rather than elaborating one more answer to these important questions, I have pleaded for negative ecclesiology and ‘the grace of self-doubt’. This is not to replace the answers that are given, but to safeguard sufficient openness in these answers. By abstaining from certitude, the church may more easily hear what the Spirit is saying to the churches beyond our own, human and therefore narrow minded understandings. My brief discussions on the Trinity, Ignatian spiritual direction and synodality were meant to illustrate that ‘wise ignorance’ and openness to surprises are present in some other dimensions of the Christian faith and theology and may, therefore, be safely adopted in reflections on the future of the church. A great fruit of negative ecclesiology is that it allows for change, that is, for a new understanding of God and therefore a new understanding of the church. Because the Apostles allowed for uncertainty, they could accept that God’s grace did not require circumcision and Jewish purity regulations – a crucial revolution in the early Christian church. Similarly, during the Second Vatican Council the bishops did not insist on using the same words, and were therefore able to embrace another, more pastoral style of magisterial teaching. In the same way, negative ecclesiology can help the church – its leadership as much as lay faithful – to be open to new perspectives on church and on mission. It may help to confront the painful truth that in the West the omnipresence of the church belongs to a past era and that in the church’s role in society is becoming a marginal one. It may help the faithful and church leadership to embrace the task of bringing the number of church buildings more in line with the church’s current position in society – that is, to abolish a significant number of churches. Finally, it may help to reconceive the church’s prophetic voice into a more dialogical and humble voice, which testifies rather than criticizes, and that is willing to learn as much as to teach.

7

Synodality, Discernment, Catholic Movements

88%

Sawa P.

Ecumeny and Law

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2019

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vol. 7

115-141

PL

One of the basic categories used to describe the nature of the Church is communion with its spiritual, structural, and legal dimensions. On the basis of their aptism, all the faithful should undertake common responsibility and real care for the life and particular areas of the Church. This also includes discernment within the Church. Synods and synodality are a special case which expresses the communal character of the Church. However, synodality and communal discernment cannot be understood similarl to a parliament where the majority decides. It is about recognising contemporary needs and searching for the place of the Church in the world while preserving the Revelation. In recognising the ways for the Church, her movements are important as they form Catholics who increasingly identify with the mission of the baptised. Deepening their meaning and determining the degree of their influence on discernment in the Church, both universal and local, remains a challenge.

8

Współpraca duchownych i świeckich w Kościele w kontekście procesu synodalnego

75%

Fiałkowski M.

Studia Pastoralne

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2022

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vol. 18

136-147

EN

The value of cooperation between the clergy and lay people in the Church cannot be overestimated. The Church, realizing Christ’s mission of salvation, needs the involvement of all its members. Both the clergy and lay people should engage in dialogue, which requires awareness of one’s place, role, and duties within the Church community. Cooperation demands constant self-improvement, with its new forms and planes. This issue has gained significance in the light of the Synod of Bishops: “For a Synodal Church: Communion, Participation and Mission”, convened by Pope Francis. The Synod has a new formula, based on listening to all the members of the Church. A special role in the synodal process is attributed to lay Catholics. The article attempts to discuss cooperation between the clergy and lay people in the Church in the context of the Synod of Bishops. It presents the synodal process and points to the most important planes of cooperation as well as challenges and hindrances it may encounter.

9

Realizacja synodalności w kapitułach zakonnych na przykładzie zgromadzenia salwatorianów

75%

Giemza B.

Studia Pastoralne

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2022

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vol. 18

48-62

EN

The institution of the religious chapter has a centuries-old tradition. From the beginning it has been inseparably connected to the development of the various forms of consecrated life. Over the centuries it has taken on different specificities depending on the proposed spirituality. In the context of the synodal process launched in the Catholic Church on the 9th of October 2021 under the theme “Towards a Synodal Church: communion, participation, mission” and the preparations for the 16th General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, the religious chapter provides an example of how to put synodality, properly understood, into practice. In the course of several centuries of its development, detailed norms have been created, now contained in the legislation of the Universal Church as well as and in particular law.

10

Plenary Council in the Czech Republic (1997-2005)

75%

Menke M.

Ecumeny and Law

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2020

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vol. 8

73-93

PL

This article analyses the preparation, process and conclusions of the Plenary Council of the Catholic Church in the Czech Republic held in 1997-2005. The Plenary Council was one of the few manifestations of the collegiality of the Czech Church, because the diocesan synods are not used here as a tool. The Decree on convocation of the Assembly was announced by the Czech and Moravian bishops on 5 July 1997 in Velehrad. The council was also an opportunity for priests and laity in the country to realise their responsibility for the Church and the co-responsibility of the Church for the condition of society. The Council had a preparatory phase (1997-2003), a stage of the 1st Session (July 2003), and a second phase of the Session (July 2005) where the project was completed and followed by the process of post-conciliar steps. Three final messages were the immediate output from the Second Plenary Session: the Message of the Council to the Public; the Message of the Council to the Believers of the Catholic Church and the Message of the Council to Christians in the Czech Republic. The resulting document was published in 2007 under the title The Life and Mission of Christians in the Church and the World. It was a document of a pastoral nature, in no way of a normative nature (no rules were actually adopted despite the work of the commission and the proposals). The Czech situation is described as “post-Christian missionary territory” there and - estimated the course of the conciliar process and of the Council itself - as an introduction of more intensive implementation of synodality in the Czech Church.

11

Sprawozdanie z sympozjum naukowego Synodalność w życiu i misji Kościoła, Kraków, 5 maja 2022 roku

75%

Poleszak L.

Sympozjum

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2022

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vol. 1(42)

151-157

PL

Sprawozdanie z sympozjum naukowego Synodalność w życiu i misji Kościoła, Kraków, 5 maja 2022 roku

XX

Report from the scientific symposium Synodality in the life and the mission of the Church, Krakow, May 5th, 2022

12

Synodality - Participation - Co-Responsibility. Remarks on the Determinants of the Aggiornamento of the Church Law

75%

Pastwa A.

Ecumeny and Law

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2019

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vol. 7

95-114

PL

In the communio Ecclesiae reality, of a unitarian, charismatic, and institutiona structure, the crucial concepts of participation and co-responsibility are firmly anchored in the juridical and canonical discourse. This is the way in which the horizon of the subject matter reveals itself, the study of which - from the point of view of the title triad: synodality - participation - co-responsibility - will never lose its relevance. What is, at the same time, important is the idea of “synodality,” which is adequately recognized as the sacra potestas of a sacramental origin (ontological aspect), which gains the dynamism of libertas sacra (existential and dynamic aspect) through the charisms of the Holy Spirit, thus leading to the inseparability of its personal and synodal aspects. Therefore, in the attempt to illuminate the determinant of the aggiornamento of the Church law in this study, it was appropriate, on the one hand, to consistently refer to the essence of the idea of the communio hierarchica, according to which Christ makes selected servants participate in his authority by means of an office, the exercise of which always remains a diaconia in the community of faith. On the other hand, in reference to the contemporary understanding of communio fidelium, the axis of scientific reflection was to be the communion-creative phenomenon of charisms - gifts of the Holy Spirit that awaken in the People of God synodal co-responsibility for the good of the entire Church community. In both cases - without losing sight of the obvious truth that, in the sacramental structure of the Church (communio), both hierarchical and charismatic gifts converge in the service of the bishop, who updates - according to the logic of the Vaticanum II aggiormamento and the ecclesiological principles of the Council: collegiality, the title synodality and subsidiarity - the fullness of Christ’s service: as Prophet, Priest, and King.

13

The Teaching of Pope Francis About Synodality in the Context of Contemporary Theological and Ecumenical Reflection

75%

Bujak J.

Collectanea Theologica

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2021

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vol. 91

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issue 5

147-173

EN

The article deals with the ecclesiology of the local Church and synodality. Both topics have been present in Catholic theology since the time of the Second Vatican Council, which laid the foundation for the ecclesiology of the local/particular Church, collegiality of bishops and synodality. This ecclesiology was developed both theoretically and practically in the post-conciliar period, but there are some theologians who believe that during the pontificate of John Paul II there was a return to the universalist ecclesiology, as evidenced by the documents published by the Roman Curia, especially Communionis notio. Pope’s Francis teaching on synodality and strengthening the Church at local and regional levels addresses the demands of those theologians who believe that Chapter III of the Lumen Gentium Constitution has not yet been properly implemented. The Pope emphasizes, that synodality is a constitutive dimension of the Church and therefore what the Lord is asking of us is already in some sense fully present in the word “synod” itself.

14

Synodality, Sign and Instrument of Communion and Evangelisation

75%

Pellitero Iglesias R.

Roczniki Teologiczne

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2022

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vol. 69

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issue 11 English Version

87-104

EN

The ongoing synodal process (16th Ordinary General Assembly: For a Synodal Church: Communion, Participation and Mission), which began in October 2021 and will culminate in the same month of 2024, is encouraging a broad participation of the faithful in the synods, starting from the particular Churches. In terms of its concrete objective, it is a reflection on synodality and its exercise around synodal assemblies. This article explores synodality as a constitutive dimension of the Church and its meaning in practice. It delves into the organic cooperation between pastors and faithful as the basis for the participation of the baptised in synods. It looks at some specific aspects of synods: their service in favour of communion and mission, as an instrument of discernment of the “dynamic fidelity” which characterises the Church's journey; the appropriateness of a journey from the peripheries to the centre; the attitudes proper to those who participate in a synod; and the theological-pastoral dimensions of the synod. All this, taking into account the experience of the Church and the current reflection.

15

Nawrócenie synodalne w rozumieniu papieża Franciszka

63%

Szałanda T.

Sympozjum

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2022

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vol. 1(42)

55-71

PL

Nawrócenie synodalne jest powrotem Kościoła do wspólnotowego działania misyjnego – głoszenia Ewangelii wszędzie. Polega ono na zmianie myślenia o Kościele, zmianie sposobu bycia w Kościele i zmianie przeżywania Kościoła. Ta zmiana winna się dokonywać przez spotkanie wspólnoty, słuchanie Ducha Świętego i siebie nawzajem, by dobrze rozeznać, co dzisiaj Paraklet mówi do Kościoła.

EN

Synodal conversion is the return of the Church to community missionary activity – to proclaim the Gospel everywhere. It consists in changing the way of thinking about the Church, changing the way of being in the Church, and changing the way of perceiving the Church. This change should be made by meeting the community, listening to the Holy Spirit and one another, in order to discern well what the Paraclete is saying to the Church today.

16

Czym jest synodalność? Rozwój świadomości synodalności na przestrzeni historii Kościoła

63%

Proniewski A.

Sympozjum

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2022

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vol. 1(42)

11-32

PL

Synodalność to pojęcie, które zyskało na popularności w Kościele katolickim w czasach pontyfikatu papieża Franciszka. Już pierwsze wieki chrześcijaństwa miały wpływ na formowanie się synodalnej drogi Kościoła. II Sobór Watykański położył fundament pod odnowienie życia synodalnego za pomocą nauki o kolegialności biskupów. Posoborowe prawo kanoniczne stworzyło możliwość organizowania synodów powszechnych, regionalnych i diecezjalnych. W celu wytłumaczenia procesu rozwoju świadomości synodalności w Kościele na przestrzeni dziejów autor analizuje i wyjaśnia podstawowe pojęcia w punkcie explicatio terminorum (1), następnie opisuje wybrane wydarzenia synodalne i soborowe, które towarzyszyły dziejom Kościoła (2), wskazuje na dziedzictwo, które przetrwało do dzisiejszych czasów (3), i ukazuje aktualny stan zakresu działań sprzyjających formowaniu wiernych do synodalności w Kościele (4).

EN

Synodality is a concept that gained popularity in the Catholic Church during the pontificate of Pope Francis. Already the first centuries of Christianity had an impact on the formation of the synodal path of the Church. The Second Vatican Council laid the foundation for the renewal of synodal life through the doctrine of the collegiality of bishops. Post-conciliar canon law created the possibility of organizing universal, regional and diocesan synods. In order to explain the process of development of the awareness of synodality in the Church throughout history, the author analyses and explains the basic concepts in the point explicatio terminorum (1), then describes selected synodal and conciliar events that have accompanied the history of the Church (2), points to a legacy that has survived to the present day (3) and shows the current state of the range of activities conducive to the formation of the faithful for synodality in the Church (4).

17

„Droga Synodalna” w Niemczech w dobie koronawirusa. Bilans roczny

63%

Chojnacki G.

Studia Paradyskie

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2021

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issue 31

9-19

PL

„Droga Synodalna”, rozpoczęta w 2019 roku w Kościele katolickim w Niemczech, jako forum dyskusji i refleksji duchownych i osób świeckich, przedstawicieli hierarchii i stowarzyszeń, prowadzi szczegółowe prace dotyczące czterech obszarów życia i działania Kościoła. Ukonstytuowane komisje (fora) synodalne pracują w trybie stacjonarnym i online, zależnie od warunków pandemicznych. Pandemia natomiast ukazała jeszcze bardziej problemy wewnętrzne i duszpasterskie, z którymi boryka się od dawna Kościół katolicki w Niemczech. Papież Franciszek jest zwolennikiem procesu synodalnego w Kościele powszechnym jak i lokalnym, w celu diagnozowania poszczególnych kwestii dotyczących wiary i moralności, aby wspólnota Kościoła była bardziej żywotna, z lepszą wyprofilowaną misją i świadomością obecności w świecie współczesnym. Zaznacza on jednak, że synodalność Kościoła nie może oznaczać jakiejś formy parlamentaryzmu, lecz musi oznaczać wspólną drogę i wsłuchiwanie się w natchnienia Ducha Świętego. Korzystając z wszelkich metod poznawania i rozumowania, dyskursu i sporu, powinno się uczynić Ewangelię bardziej zrozumiałą, a jej implementacja zmierzała do poszukiwania i znajdywania coraz właściwsze ujęcia uniwersalnych i trwałych norm moralnych, aby bardziej odpowiadały one różnym kontekstom kulturowym, by zdolne były lepiej wyrażać ich niezmienną aktualność w każdym kontekście historycznym, by pozwalały prawidłowo rozumieć i interpretować zawartą w nich prawdę.

EN

The „Synodal Path”, launched in 2019 in the Catholic Church in Germany, as a forum for discussion and reflection of clergy and lay people, representatives of the hierar chy and associations, carries out detailed work on four areas of the Church's life and activity. Established synodal commissions (forums) work on-site and online, depending on pandemic conditions. The pandemic, on the other hand, showed even more the internal and pastoral problems that the Catholic Church in Germany has been struggling with for a long time. Pope Francis is a supporter of a synodal process in the universal and local Church, in order to diagnose individual issues concerning faith and morality, so that the Church community could be more vital, with a better outlined mission and awareness of presence in the modern world. He points out, however, that the synodality of the Church cannot mean some form of parliamentarism, but must mean a common journey and listening to the inspirations of the Holy Spirit. Using all methods of cognition and reasoning, discourse and dispute, the Gospel should be made more understandable, and its implementation should be aimed at seeking and finding more and more appropriate approaches to universal and permanent moral norms, so that they would better correspond to diferent cultural contexts, so that they would be able to better express their invariable timeliness in every historical context, so that they would allow the correct understanding and interpretation of the truth contained in them.

18

Benedykta XVI „wymyślanie Kościoła idealnego” w kontekście synodalności papieża Franciszka

63%

Kasperowicz P.

Sympozjum

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2022

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vol. 2(43)

145-164

PL

Papież Benedykt XVI w ostatnim wywiadzie z Peterem Seewaldem tłumaczy, czym jest prawdziwe bycie w Kościele: to nie „wymyślanie Kościoła idealnego, ale gotowość do życia i pracy właśnie w Kościele, który jest nękany przez moce zła”. Ojciec święty rozwija tę myśl, przekazując, jak z jego punktu widzenia Kościół zmieniał się razem ze światem i vice versa. Papież Franciszek w Dokumencie przygotowawczym XVI Zwyczajnego Zgromadzenia Ogólnego Synodu Biskupów Ku Kościołowi synodalnemu: komunia, uczestnictwo i misja zwraca uwagę, że „synodowanie można porównać do teatru trzech zasadniczych aktorów: Jezusa, tłumu (świata) oraz Kościoła (…), ale jest jeszcze czwarty dodatkowy aktor, zwany przez Papieża antagonistą”, stąd rodzi się potrzeba rozeznawania. To nauczanie koresponduje z doświadczeniem, jakie pozostawił światu Benedykt XVI, gdyż łączenie rzeczywistości Boskiej z ludzką słabością jest charakterystyczne dla Kościoła katolickiego od wieków. Święty Augustyn w De civitate Dei napisał, że na ziemi ludzkość nie osiągnie stanu całkowitej przynależności do Państwa Bożego. Nie przekreśla to jednak procesu synodowania, ale nastraja do pokory.

EN

Pope Benedict XVI, in the last interview with Peter Seewald, explains what true being in the Church is: it is not "inventing an ideal Church, but the readiness to live and work precisely in the Church, which is plagued by the powers of evil." The Holy Father develops this idea, conveying how from his point of view the Church changed with the world and vice versa. Pope Francis in the Preparatory Document of the XVI Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops "Towards a synodal Church: communion, participation and mission" points out that "synodation can be compared to a theatre of three main actors: “synodation can be compared to a theatre of three main actors: Jesus, the crowd (of the world) and the Church (...), but there is a fourth additional actor, called by the Pope the antagonist”, hence the need for discernment. This teaching corresponds to the experience that Benedict XVI left to the world, because combining divine reality with human weakness has been characteristic of the Catholic Church for centuries. St. Augustine in De civitate Dei wrote that on earth humanity will not reach the state of complete belonging to the State of God. However, this does not rule out the process of synodation, but it instills humility.

19

Synodalność i prymat jako wyzwanie w ekumenicznym dialogu katolicko-prawosławnym

63%

Bujak J.

Sympozjum

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2022

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vol. 1(42)

91-122

PL

W ostatnich dziesięcioleciach w dialogach ekumenicznych coraz częściej pojawia się temat relacji pomiędzy prymatem a synodalnością. Dotyczy to przede wszystkim oficjalnego dialogu katolicko-prawosławnego, który od pierwszego dokumentu, przyjętego w Monachium w 1982 roku, aż po ostatnie dokumenty z Rawenny (2007 rok) i Chieti (2016 rok) podejmuje kwestie dotyczące prymatu i synodalności w kontekście eklezjologii eucharystycznej. Ważnym dokumentem dotyczącym tych samych treści jest studium Grupy Roboczej św. Ireneusza opublikowane w 2018 roku. Celem artykułu Synodalność i prymat jako wyzwanie w ekumenicznym dialogu katolicko-prawosławnym jest ukazanie rozwoju myśli synodalnej i prymacjalnej w pracach Międzynarodowej Komisji Mieszanej do Dialogu Teologicznego między Kościołem Rzymskokatolickim a Kościołem Prawosławnym oraz oceny stanu synodalności w Kościołach prawosławnych z punktu widzenia teologii wschodniej, jak również prezentacja dokumentu opracowanego przez Grupę Roboczą św. Ireneusza, który ma ambicję wnieść swój wkład w oficjalny dialog katolicko-prawosławny. Zauważalny impas w dialogu wynika – zdaniem autora artykułu – w dużej mierze z eklezjologii sprowadzającej Kościół do poziomu lokalnego, etnofiletyzmu prawosławnego, rywalizacji o pierwszeństwo w świecie prawosławnym pomiędzy patriarchatami moskiewskim i konstantynopolitańskim oraz negowania, również przez wielu teologów katolickich, prawomocności rozwoju prymatu biskupa Rzymu w pierwszym, a zwłaszcza w drugim tysiącleciu.

EN

In recent decades the topic of the relationship between primacy and synodality has increasingly come up in ecumenical dialogues. It especially refers to the official catholic-orthodox dialogue, started from its first document adopted in Munich in 1982 to the recent documents of Ravenna (2007) and Chieti (2016), addresses the issues of primacy and synodality in the context of Eucharistic ecclesiology. The study of the St. Irenaeus’ Working Group published in 2018 is another important document on the same content. The aim of the article Synodality and Primacy as a Challenge in Catholic-Orthodox Ecumenical Dialogue is to show the development of a synodal and primacy thought in the work of the International Mixed Commission for Catholic-Orthodox Dialogue. It both estimates the state of synodality in the Orthodox Churches from the perspective of Eastern theology and presents a document produced by the St. Irenaeus Group who aspires to contribute to an official Catholic-Orthodox dialogue. The noticeable impasse in the dialogue is, largely due to ecclesiology that reduces the Church to the local level, Orthodox ethnophilicism, competition for primacy in the Orthodox world between the Moscow and Constantinopolitan patriarchates and the denial of the legitimacy of the development of the primacy of the Bishop of Rome in the first and especially the second millennium. The denial is shown also by many Catholic theologians.

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Konteksty i implikacje III Sesji Plenarnej „Der synodale Weg” we Frankfurcie nad Menem, 3-5 lutego 2022 roku

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Chojnacki G.

Studia Paradyskie

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2022

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issue 32

5-18

EN

The Third Plenary Session of “Der Synodale Weg” and the three documents adopted during it allow for a preliminary diagnosis of the renewal and reform process in the Catholic Church in Germany started in 2019. This diagnosis shows that members of the Church community are concerned about the increasing number of apostasies and difficulties in regaining trust and credibility caused by the abuse of authority and power in many dimensions of spiritual and physical (sexual) life. Adopted documents in the theological dimension revise the precedence of theological sources, placing greater emphasis on the “signs of the times” as a locus theologicus and emphasising the greater importance of the Episcopal conference of a given country for decisions within authentic teaching in the Universal Church. Also the assembly of “Der Synodaler Weg” and the synodal councils to be constituted at the diocesan level should be not only advisory but also decisive. Such reforms of the Catholic Church meet with movements contesting such decisions, indicating that the participants of this assembly do not have the mandate to oblige believers in Germany to obey them. The Holy See issued a Declaration, pointing out that the decisions made by the assembly of “Der Synodale Weg” are not binding, neither in the case of proposed new forms of Church governance, nor in matters of faith and morals.

PL

Trzecia sesja plenarna „Der Synodale Weg” i przyjęte podczas niej trzy dokumenty pozwalają na wstępną diagnozę rozpoczętego w 2019 roku procesu odnowy i reform w Kościele katolickim w Niemczech. Diagnoza ta pozwala zauważyć, że członkowie wspólnoty kościoła są zaniepokojeni coraz większą liczbą apostazji oraz trudnościami z odzyskaniem zaufania i wiarygodności spowodowanego nadużyciami autorytetu i władzy w wielu wymiarach życia duchowego i fizycznego (seksualnego). W uchwalonych dokumentach w wymiarze teologicznym dokonano rewizji precedencji źródeł teologicznych, kładąc większy akcent na „znaki czasu” jako locus theologicus oraz uwypuklając większe znaczenie konferencji episkopatu danego kraju do rozstrzygnięć w obrębie autentycznego nauczania w Kościele powszechnym. Gremium „Der Synodaler Weg” oraz mające się ukonstytuować Rady synodalne na poziomie diecezji także powinny mieć nie tylko charakter doradczy, ale i rozstrzygający. Podobne reformy Kościoła katolickiego spotykają się z ruchami kontestującymi takie rozstrzygnięcia, wskazującymi na to, że uczestnicy tego gremium nie mają mandatu, aby zobowiązywać wierzących w Niemczech do ich przestrzegania. Stolica Apostolska wydała Deklarację, wskazując, że decyzje podejmowane przez „Der Synodale Weg” nie mają mocy wiążącej ani w przypadku propozycji nowych form kierowania Kościołem, ani w kwestiach wiary i moralności.

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Konteksty i implikacje III Sesji Plenarnej „Der synodale Weg” we Frankfurcie nad Menem, 3-5 lutego 2022 roku