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EN
This essay vindicates two major aspects of the science-based philosophy of Michael Polanyi: 1. His concept of tacit knowing, and 2. His concept of the multi-levelled character of reality. These two notions relate closely with one another, and together support the thesis to be argued here, that when it comes to understanding human beings, and most especially the human mind, science and religion have to meet on the common ground of the transcendent capacities of human beings, which are pointers to the transcendent character of the universe. The mind is an emergent of the universe, as are all of its other amazing characteristics, but mind is also, therefore, a clue to the character of the universe and its encompassing reality. Mind reflects reality; reality invites mind.
EN
This paper shows philosophical views of Michael Polanyi, in the context of his greatest work Personal knowledge: Towards a post-critical philosophy. In his study, Polanyi presents the original concept of science and knowledge, which include tacit components, such as: the personal, tacit knowledge, personal engagement, intellectual passions and participation in the scientists community, which shares the same tradition, language, frameworks and culture. All that makes the philosophy of Polanyi situated against the concept of objectivity in science which excludes personal participation in act of knowing and creating knowledge. As one of the most important factors in science formation Polanyi considers intellectual passions, which have heuristic, selective, persuasive functions. The present article is a summary of the main idea of the intellectual passions, in respect of their selective function in science. As Polanyi maintains, scientific passions have a logical function which contributes an indispensable element to science. They charge objects with emotions, making them repulsive or attractive and help distinguish between demonstratable facts which are of scientific interest, and those which are not. Furthermore, scientific passions depend ultimately on a sense of intellectual beauty, which can never be dispassionately defined, as well as the beauty of a work of art or the excellence of a noble action.
EN
The aim of the article is characteristic of some basic ordeals in reconstruction of Polanyi’s idea of tacit knowledge, as well as exposition of its typical ways of understanding. Paper consists of seven points: (1 – 3) contains an analysis of author’s texts in aspect of typical ways of usage of the term and some other meaning-related categories; in (4) some major methodological challenges facing its definition are picked out, while in (5) main ways of interpretation elaborated by author’s researchers are being expound; (6) focuses on relation between idea of tacit and explicit knowledge, while (7) highlights the role of tacit knowledge in process of problem- -solving.
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