Search results

1

Geopolitics of the Dakar Rally: International Impediments Threatening Cultural, Religious, and Ecological Harmony among Motorcyclists

100%

Romanienko L. A.

International Review of Social Research

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2012

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vol. 2

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issue 3

17-41

EN

The contemporary popularity of motorcycling has resulted in a booming manufacturing industry as well as the emergence of a unique culture revolving around very specific forms of material cultural capital. Industry research focusing exclusively on the economic impact of motorcycling gravely underestimates the social and cultural consequences that have been brought about as a result of these ecological alternatives in personal mobility. As routine riding in overcrowded urban environments becomes more and more problematic, motorcyclists find themselves yearning for the self-exile available through the wide open spaces of desert environs in order to optimize the emancipatory potential of this sensual technological Bohemian experience on two wheels. To that end, off road motorcyclists have organized rallies such as the Dakar in unique geological environments to provide riders the technology-driven mystical catharsis they are seeking. Using evidence gathered from ethnographic fieldwork, film portrayals, and contemporary public policies; the paper demonstrates that the widespread popularity of off-road motorcycling and related intercultural harmony represents a significant threat to the routinization of conflict driving the hegemonic world order.

2

From Technological Autonomy to Technological Bluff: Jacques Ellul and Our Technological Condition

88%

Hanks J. C., Hanks E. K.

Human Affairs

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2015

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vol. 25

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issue 4

460-470

EN

The work of Jacques Ellul is useful in understanding and evaluating the implications of rapidly changing technologies for human values and democracy. Ellul developed three powerful theses about technology: technological autonomy, technological determinism, and technological bluff. In this essay, the authors explicate these views of technology, and place the work of Ellul in dialogue with the ides of other important theorists of technology (including Max Weber, Herbert Marcuse, Lewis Mumford, Langdon Winner, and Hans Jonas). Ellul’s too-often overlooked theses about technology are relevant to our present technological society

3

New Information and Communication Technologies as the Factor of Social Inclusion

88%

Machol-Zajda L.

Olsztyn Economic Journal

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2011

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vol. 6

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issue 1

51-74

EN

The paper presents the opportunities and limitations in using new information and communication technologies as a factor of social inclusion. It consists of three basic parts. The first part presents the actions for development and use of new technologies as factors of economic growth and employment increase undertaken within the frameworks of programs of the European Union and its Member States during the recent years. Use of new information and communication technologies has an increasing role as a factor of economic growth, social development and social inclusion. The second part of the paper deals with the access to and use of the information and communication technologies in Poland and comparison of the situation in Poland and in other Member States. Here the paper indicates the existing disproportions and threats for the information society. Part three criticises the technological determinism putting excess stress on technological aspects while underestimating the social aspects. The examples of good practices from a few selected EU Member States where the use of new information and communication technologies was combined effectively with the measures for social inclusion also support the social approach to the introduction and use of modern information and communication technologies.

4

USEFULNESS AND POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF ANALYZING NEW MEDIA FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF L. MANOVICH’S SOFT TECHNOLOGICAL DETERMINISM– THE CASE OF INSTAGRAM AND SMARTPHONE.

88%

Wielgosz M.

Social Communication. Online Journal

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2017

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issue 2(16)

6-13

EN

The article is an attempt to confront Lev Manovich’s soft technological determinism with two contemporary media - the smartphone and the mobile application called Instagram. The analysis is based on the characteristics of a term called “new media” identified by Manovich, with emphasis on variation and cultural transcoding. The verification of accuracy and the use of the soft technological determinism in the context of selected new media has varied by the discourse on contemporary new media and constitutes an interesting point of view. The evolution and the development of both variation and cultural transcoding (two elements conditioning their universality which continually shows an upward trend) regarding mobile media, give an opportunity to forecast their productive potential.

5

Human Subjectivity in the Dawn of Digital Society (Industry 4.0)

88%

Kiepas A.

International Journal of Pedagogy, Innovation and New Technologies

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2020

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vol. 7(1)

31-38

EN

The article discusses problems connected with the perspective of social and cultural changes that result from the development of industry 4.0 and the formation of digital society. New relations between humanity and technology as well as the growing role of technical determinism lead to new demands regarding human subjectivity. In the article, the aforementioned demands are analysed in the context of questions concerning freedom ,trust in both technology and other people, as well as responsibility and the need for developing co-responsibility in various areas of contemporary human interaction.

6

Cztery koncepcje relacji człowiek–technika

75%

Łach T.

Studia Gilsoniana

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2022

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vol. 11

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issue 2

325-345

EN

There have been two trends in the study of technology. On the one hand, critics of technology have emphasised the threats stemming from the development and use of advanced machines and devices, while on the other hand, there has been admiration for the successes brought by progress. The article presents an attempt to put this complex issue in order. Based on the analysis formulated by Andrew Feenberg, the text discusses four concepts of technology. The first of them is technical determinism, according to which technology in its development is independent of circumstances external to it. The second is substantive theory, in which technology is seen as an autonomous, independent force that dominates and subordinates everything. The third position is instrumentalism, which considers technique as a neutral tool, while moral evaluation can only concern whether it has been used well or badly. The last approach is constructivism, according to which technology is shaped by the influence of various interest groups.

7

Współczesne strategie badania literatury i pola literackiego w nowych obiegach medialnych. Produkcja – recepcja – krytyka

51%

Ogonowska A.

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia de Cultura

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2020

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vol. 12

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issue 3

79-93

EN

The purpose of this paper is to show the functionality of Pierre Bourdieu’s concept, which – in connection with technological determinism elements (Marshall McLuhan, Paul Levinson, Derrick de Kerckhove) and neopragmatism (Richard Rorty) – makes it possible to describe comprehensively the literary field in media civilisation in the second decade of the 21st century. It’s not an easy task, because contemporary literature enters complex relationships with traditional media and new technologies, which can be observed with regard to all key processes connected with this field. These include: production, reception, as well as strategies of using literature, and frequently also constructing texts in media space or criticism and advertising-marketing activity, in which a major role is currently played by the so-calle inluencers (influencer marketing). Literature becomes a product which is promoted both as a luxurious good and an element of pop culture. Thus, the marriage of those concepts is necessary to describe adequately all the strategic elements of this field and show its dynamics from processual and functional perspectives. Nowadays, the emphasis is placed not so much on researching the texts themselves, but their activity in cultural space, that is in relation to recipients, users, readers and larger discursive groups, neotribal communities or the demoscene. Web 3.0 culture and the frames of contemporary media civilisation, with plenty of culture texts, calls for research from the area of media archaeology, which provides an essential context for analysis of modern culture field as a kind of background. Investigation of literature is increasingly dominated by new media methodologies, e.g. software- or hardware-studies and research into media platforms. According to determinists, such as Marshall McLuhan, Derrick de Kerckhove and Paul Levinson technology influences the form and content of the message, which is visible with regard to digital and (post)electronic literature, as well as publishing policy in the context of paper, printed book and audiobooks or e-books.

PL

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie funkcjonalności koncepcji Pierre’a Bourdieu, która – w połączeniu z elementami determinizmu technologicznego (Marshall McLuhan, Paul Levinson, Derrick de Kerckhove) oraz neopragmatyzmu (Richard Rorty) – pozwala kompleksowo opisać współczesne pole literackie w cywilizacji medialnej drugiej dekady XXI wieku. Nie jest to zadanie proste, gdyż współczesna literatura wchodzi w złożone relacje z mediami tradycyjnymi i z nowymi technologiami, co daje się zaobserwować w odniesieniu do wszystkich kluczowych procesów związanych z tym polem. Należą do nich: produkcja, recepcja i strategie użytkowania literatury, a często i konstruowania tekstów w przestrzeniach medialnych, jak również krytyka i działania reklamowo-marketingowe, w których dużą rolę odgrywają współcześnie tak zwani influenserzy (influencer marketing). Literatura staje się produktem promowanym zarówno jako dobro luksusowe, jak i element kultury popularnej. Mariaż tych koncepcji jest zatem konieczny, by opisać adekwatnym językiem wszystkie strategiczne elementy tego pola oraz ukazać ich dynamikę w ujęciu procesualnym oraz w perspektywie funkcjonalnej. Obecnie bowiem akcent położony jest nie tyle na badania samych tekstów, ile na ich działanie w przestrzeni kultury, a więc w odniesieniu do odbiorców, użytkowników, czytelników oraz większych grup dyskursywnych, wspólnot neoplemiennych czy demosceny. Kultura Web 3.0 oraz ramy współczesnej cywilizacji medialnej, w której funkcjonuje wiele tekstów kultury, wymaga uruchomienia także badań z zakresu archeologii mediów, które dostarczają istotnego kontekstu do analiz współczesnego pola kulturowego jako swoisty background. Badanie literatury w coraz większym stopniu zdominowane jest przez nowe metodologie medialne, na przykład software- czy hardware-studies oraz badania nad platformami medialnymi. Technologia zatem – w myśl twierdzeń deterministów (Marshalla McLuhana, Paula Levinsona, Derricka de Kerckhove’a) – wpływa na formę i treść przekazu, co widać zarówno w odniesieniu do literatury cyfrowej, (post)elektronicznej, jak i do polityki wydawniczej w kontekście książek papierowych, drukowanych, ale też audiobooków i e-booków.

8

Nowe formy zachowań społecznych wobec i pod wpływem mediów oraz nowych technologii. Analizy porównawcze

51%

Gruchoła M.

Państwo i Społeczeństwo

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2017

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issue 3

123-133

PL

Celem artykułu jest analiza porównawcza form zachowań wobec mediów i nowych technologii oraz zmian zachowań społecznych pod ich wpływem na przykładzie kolejnych pokoleń medialnych, w świetle literatury przedmiotu. W procesie badawczym przyjęto za Marshallem McLuhanem tezę, iż poszczególne media i technologie były i są jednym z istotnych czynników kształtujących zachowania społeczne młodego pokolenia. Równocześnie odbiorcy/użytkownicy modelują nowe formy zachowań wobec mediów i technologii. Po wstępnych rozważaniach teoretycznych (konstruktywizm, determinizm technologiczny) dokonano analizy porównawczej oraz syntetyczno-opisowej zmian zachowań społecznych odbiorców/użytkowników mediów i nowych technologii w obszarze: użytkowania, dostępu materialnego, postrzegania oraz relacji międzyludzkich. W wyniku tej analizy teza została potwierdzona.

EN

The aim of the article is a comparative analysis of forms of behaviour in relation to the media and new technology, as well as changes of social behaviour influenced by these and exemplified in subsequent media generations, in the light of literature on the subject. The thesis, accepted after Marshall McLuhan in the research procedure, is that particular media and technology were and are one of the essential elements forming the social behaviour of the younger generation. At the same time, the recipients/users model new forms of behaviour in relation to the media and technology. After initial theoretical considerations (constructionism, technological determinism), a comparative and synthetic descriptive analysis was carried out regarding the changes of the social behaviour of recipients/users of the media and new technology in the sphere of: usage, material access, perception and interpersonal relations. As a result of the analysis the thesis was confirmed.

9

Zjawisko phubbingu jako konsekwencja mediatyzacji życia społecznego

51%

Łokić P.

Przegląd Politologiczny

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2023

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issue 4

213-227

EN

The subject of this article is the phenomenon of phubbing – a new social behavior resulting from the widespread use of modern technologies and online media in everyday life. In the author’s opinion, this phenomenon is an extremely useful exemplification of the consequences of the development of modern mass media technologies and their impact on society, referred in the literature as mediatization. The aim of the text is to collect and present knowledge about phubbing based on a query of sources from various disciplines of social sciences. The phenomenon is interdisciplinary in nature and attracts the attention of psychologists, sociologists, political scientists, communication researchers and representatives of other fields. The article answers research questions about the definition of phubbing, its types, causes and consequences of this phenomenon – in the social context and taking into account the sphere of political communication. The text is also an attempt to place phubbing in a broader context of changes caused by the mediatization of social life, which, in the face of the development and popularization of online media, plays an increasingly important role in political communication.

PL

Przedmiotem analizy podjętej w tekście jest zjawisko phubbingu – nowy fenomen behawioralny wynikający z powszechności wykorzystywania nowoczesnych technologii i mediów online w codziennym życiu. Zjawisko to w przekonaniu Autora stanowi niezwykle użyteczną egzemplifikację wpływu rozwoju technologii współczesnych mediów masowych na odbiorców, które – zgodnie z założeniami determinizmu technologicznego zmieniają użytkowników, ich relacje społeczne i instytucjonalne w procesie określanym w literaturze jako mediatyzacja. Celem tekstu jest poddanie analizie zjawiska phubbingu w oparciu o metodę kwerendy źródeł naukowych. Omawiane zjawisko ma bowiem charakter interdyscyplinarny i przyciąga uwagę psychologów, socjologów, badaczy komunikowania, politologów oraz przedstawicieli innych dziedzin. Artykuł w treści odpowiada na pytania badawcze o definicję phubbingu, jego rodzaje, przyczyny oraz konsekwencje tego zjawiska – w kontekście społecznym oraz z uwzględnieniem sfery komunikowania politycznego. Tekst jest również próbą osadzenia phubbingu w szerszym kontekście przemian wywoływanych przez mediatyzację życia społecznego, która w obliczu rozwoju i popularyzacji mediów online odgrywa coraz istotniejszą rolę w komunikowaniu politycznym.

10

The Theory of Crisis after Crisis/ Teorija Krize Posle Krize

45%

Mladenović I., Kitanović D.

Economic Themes

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2015

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vol. 52

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issue 1

1-12

EN

The global economic system and the world crisis are a reality, and hence the challenge for modern economic theory, which is to provide a valid response to its development and overcoming the crisis. The prevailing economic theory and methodology (neo-liberal paradigm) in this field demonstrates serious defects, so this paper attempts to show that the relative nature of economic theory is in expressing the social prejudices of its time. Demystification of the ideological and political foundations of what is today considered "objective knowledge" in the economy, is only possible with the affirmation of a new scientific methodology of economics, i.e. the new philosophy of economics. The aim of the paper is to stimulate thinking and different views on this subject.

XX

Globalni ekonomski sistem i svetska kriza su realnost, a otud i izazov za savremenu ekonomsku nauku koja treba da pruži valjan odgovor na njegov razvoj i izlazak iz krize. Vladajuća ekonomska teorija i metodologija (neoliberalna paradigma) na ovom planu pokazuje ozbiljne defekte, pa se u radu nastoji da pokaže da je relativna priroda ekonomske nauke u tome što iskazuje društvene predrasude svoga vremena. Demistifikacija ideoloških i političkih temelja onoga što se danas u ekonomiji smatra „objektivnim znanjem“ moguće je samo afirmacijom nove naučne metodologije ekonomske nauke, tj. nove filozofije ekonomije. Cilj rada je da se podstaknu razmišljanja i različiti pogledi na ovu temu.

11

Komunikace a roztok. K pojetí média u Raymonda Williamse

45%

Šebek J.

Česká literatura (Czech Literature)

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2019

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vol. 67

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issue 5

684-710

EN

This study deals with the concept of media in the work of British literary and cultural theorist Raymond Williams. It is based on the observation that the concept of media never predominated in Williams's work, but that together with such associated concepts as communication, transmission and process this concept is constantly present within it, offering the option of interpretations different to those presented by Williams himself. The first part briefly presents the media aspects of Williams's books Culture and Society, 1780–1950 (1958), The Long Revolution (1961) and Communications (1962): the key term in these works is communication, with literature and art as specific cases. Williams believes that communication needs to be understood in a broad sense as a creation of societies and communities, and that it cannot be reduced to the technical aspect of the communication mechanisms. Media are conceived here as the established means of communication that have emerged historically, and the conception is highlighted whereby they are of key importance for an understanding of culture as currently lived, as a "solution" in contrast to a "precipitate". The second phase of Williams's thinking on media is characterized by an explicit focus on this term and the comprehensive examination of specific "new" media, particularly in the book Television: Technology and Cultural Form (1974). At the same time, however, Williams comes to terms with the most influential media theory of that period, expounded by Marshall McLuhan. Williams rejects McLuhan's notion that considers "technological determinism" to be of central importance, though he subsequently does identify "medium" with the narrowly conceived technological aspect, while making particular use of the term "means of communication", which he separates into amplificatory, durative and alternative means. On the basis of a more detailed argument, the third section of the study proposes a reading which, in spite of Williams's explicit rejection of the term "medium", understands that his thinking continues to be highly "medial". It is from this standpoint that Williams's two most important theoretical books Marxism and Literature (1977) and Culture (1981) are interpreted. Particularly thought-provoking is Williams's understanding of culture as a "solution", whereas the media can actually be considered to be the means of "dissolution", facilitating the fusion of "signifying systems" and of various (artistic and non-artistic) areas of human activity and experience. In his book Marxism and Literature this view can also apply to Williams's understanding of literature. Hence this study provides a deeper insight into media issues in Williams's work and shows that they form the inspirational axis for Williams's thinking on literature and culture.

CS

Studie se zabývá pojetím média v díle britského literárního a kulturního teoretika Raymonda Williamse. Vychází z pozorování, že pojem médium se sice ve Williamsově myšlení nikdy nestal dominantním, ale je v něm – spolu s příbuznými pojmy jako komunikace, přenos, proces ad. – trvale přítomný a nabízí i možnost odlišných interpretací, než které předkládá sám Williams. V první části jsou stručně představeny mediální aspekty Williamsových knih Culture and Society, 1780–1950 (1958), The Long Revolution (1961) a Communications (1962): klíčovým konceptem v nich je komunikace, jejímiž specifickými případy jsou i literatura a umění. Komunikaci je podle Williamse třeba chápat v širokém smyslu jakožto tvorbu společnosti a komunit a není možné ji redukovat na technickou stránku komunikačních aparátů. Média jsou zde pojata jako historicky vzniklé ustálené komunikační prostředky a naznačeno je už i pojetí, podle nějž jsou klíčová pro chápání kultury jakožto aktuálně žité, jako „roztoku“ (solution) oproti „usazenině“ (precipitate). Pro druhou fázi Williamsova myšlení o médiu je příznačné explicitní soustředění na tento pojem a komplexní zkoumání konkrétních „nových“ médií, zejm. v knize Television: Technology and Cultural Form (1974). Současně se ovšem Williams vyrovnává s dobově nejvlivnější teorií médií Marshalla McLuhana a jeho pojetí, které považuje za ústřední případ „technologického determinismu“, odmítá. Od tohoto momentu tak bude médium ztotožňovat právě s úzce chápaným technologickým aspektem, a namísto něj bude užívat zejm. pojem „komunikační prostředky“ (means of communication), které dělí na prostředky amplifikační, durativní a alternativní (amplificatory, durative and alternative). Ve třetí části studie je na základě podrobnější argumentace navrženo čtení, které navzdory Williamsovu explicitnímu odmítnutí pojmu média chápe jeho myšlení i nadále jako výsostně mediální. Touto optikou jsou pak interpretovány dvě nejvýznamnější Williamsovy teoretické knihy, Marxism and Literature (1977) a Culture (1981). Jako podnětné se jeví zejména dále rozvíjené Williamsovo chápání kultury jakožto „roztoku“, přičemž právě média lze považovat za prostředky „rozpouštění“ (dissolution), umožňující prolnutí jednotlivých „signifikačních systémů“ (signifying systems), resp. různých (uměleckých i mimouměleckých) oblastí lidské činnosti a zkušenosti. Tento pohled lze vztáhnout také na Williamsovo chápání literatury v knize Marxism and Literature. Studie tak poskytuje hlubší vhled do problematiky média ve Williamsově díle a ukazuje, že tvoří inspirativní osu Williamsova uvažování o literatuře a kultuře.

Refine search results

Geopolitics of the Dakar Rally: International Impediments Threatening Cultural, Religious, and Ecological Harmony among Motorcyclists

From Technological Autonomy to Technological Bluff: Jacques Ellul and Our Technological Condition

New Information and Communication Technologies as the Factor of Social Inclusion

USEFULNESS AND POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF ANALYZING NEW MEDIA FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF L. MANOVICH’S SOFT TECHNOLOGICAL DETERMINISM– THE CASE OF INSTAGRAM AND SMARTPHONE.

Human Subjectivity in the Dawn of Digital Society (Industry 4.0)

Cztery koncepcje relacji człowiek–technika

Współczesne strategie badania literatury i pola literackiego w nowych obiegach medialnych. Produkcja – recepcja – krytyka

Nowe formy zachowań społecznych wobec i pod wpływem mediów oraz nowych technologii. Analizy porównawcze

Zjawisko phubbingu jako konsekwencja mediatyzacji życia społecznego

The Theory of Crisis after Crisis/ Teorija Krize Posle Krize

Komunikace a roztok. K pojetí média u Raymonda Williamse