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EN
This article focuses on Orthodox terminology found in modern Russian-Polish specialistic dictionaries: Chrześcijaństwo. Słownik rosyjsko-polski by R. Lewicki and Leksykon chrześcijaństwa rosyjsko-polski i polsko-rosyjski by A. Markunas, T. Uczitiel. The author shows the extent given lexicon is reflected in dictionaries, explores the ways of its translation and presents strengths and weaknesses of elaboration of entry articles. The analysis of translated equivalents also permits the identification of the main tendencies in Orthodox terminology in the Polish language.
EN
The article is devoted to the problems of variationality in the lexicographic description of the terms of Polish Orthodoxy. On the basis of existing definitions of linguistic variants and keyword variants, the variants of words forming entries in the Dictionary of Polish Orthodox Terminology are discussed. The dictionary was compiled by a team of theologians and linguists at the Faculty of Philology of the University of Bialystok. The analysis of the source material shows that the variant nature of the terms is revealed at the phonetic, inflectional and word-formation levels. These phenomena are a manifestation of the richness of the Orthodox lexicon, genetically diverse and documenting the multiplicity of ways of borrowing the terms that make it up (Greek, Old Church Slavonic, East Slavic languages, Polish).
EN
Religious terminology in the Polish language is an interesting topic and constantly requires academic research. Linguists have reached a certain consensus that the oldest Polish Christian lexicon to a large extent was borrowed from the Czech language along with the spread of Christianity from that area. This article addresses the issue of Polish religious terminology that could have Eastern Slavic origins. They were taken from Maria Karpluk’s graphic lexicon entitled A Dictionary of Old Polish Christian Terminology (Słownik staropolskiej terminologii chrześcijańskiej) and were analyzed in terms of semantics and etymology. The analysed lexicon particularly relates to the spirituality of the Orthodox Church that originates from areas where Orthodoxy was the dominant religion. Some of the words, e.g. przeczysta (compare Przeczysta Panna), kum, zapusty have survived and are present in contemporary Polish, while others such as porąganie, pomiłować, soroczyny, pokaźń gradually disappeared. Some Old Polish religious terms of Eastern Slavic origin such as Bogorodzica, kryłos, monaster, Spas, władyka, wwiedienie are used today in both in oral and written forms in the Orthodox community in Poland.
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EN
The article presents the stages of the process of Christianisation and its progress in Europe and in Slavic-speaking lands. Then the selected Polish religious terms and other linguistic testimonies of Christianisation will be discussed. We can distinguish five stages in the process of the Christianisation of almost all European countries: 1. Evangelisational missions; 2. Martyrdom; 3. Conversion (the baptism of the ruler and his court); 4. Apostasy (pagan uprisings, heresies); 5. Re-Catholicisation, new evangelisation.
PL
W artykule zostały przedstawione fazy procesu chrystianizacji oraz jej przebieg w Europie i na Słowiańszczyźnie, a następnie omówione wybrane polskie terminy religijne oraz inne językowych świadectw chrystianizacji. W procesie chrystianizacji wszystkich prawie krajów Europy można wyróżnić pięć faz: (1) misje ewangelizacyjne, (2) martyrologia, (3) konwersja (chrzest władcy i dworu), (4) apostazja (bunty pogańskie, herezje), (5) rekatolicyzacja, nowa ewangelizacja.
EN
The article presents some terminological differences between various Christian denominations existing on Romanian territory, mainly between the Romanian Orthodox Church, prevalent in Romania, on the one hand and the Greek Catholic Church (the Uniats) and the Roman Catholic Church on the other. These differences are usually a result of a conscious linguistic policy of both Catholic rites and various Protestant and Neo-Protestant denominations. They are also reflected in the use of different forms of the name Jesus Christ, which exists in at least three versions. Even in the case of the same, common notions, the new denominations often introduce different terms, mainly Latin and Romance neologisms, in order to mark an external and formal difference from the Orthodox Church, whose terminology is of mostly Greek and Slavonic origin. 
PL
Artykuł przedstawia wybrane różnice terminologiczne między różnymi odłamami chrześcijaństwa występującymi na terenie Rumunii, głównie między większościowym w Rumunii prawosławiem a katolicyzmem obrządku greckiego (unici) i łacińskiego (rzymscy katolicy). Różnice te są najczęściej wynikiem świadomej polityki językowej obu odmian katolicyzmu oraz różnych denominacji protestanckich i neoprotestanckich. Przejawiają się one również w użyciu różnych form imienia ‘Jezus Chrystus’, funkcjonującego w trzech przynajmniej wersjach. Nawet w przypadku tych samych, wspólnych pojęć nowsze wyznania wprowadzają często odmienne terminy, na ogół neologizmy łacińsko-romańskie, aby w ten sposób odróżnić się również zewnętrznie i formalnie od prawosławia, stosującego terminologię głównie grecko-słowiańskiego pochodzenia. 
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