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1
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Brama przeszłości. Fasada zachodnia kolegiaty w Wiślicy a program historyczny w mecenacie Kazimierza Wielkiego

100%
Pajor P.
Studia Elbląskie
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2015
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vol. 16
135-146
EN
The Gothic collegiate church in Wiślica, founded by king Kazimir the Great in 1350, replaced older structure, What were preserved from that Romanesque church, was a twotower façade included to a new building and 13th century sculpture of Madonna. It seems that the point of this action was commemoration of the both distant and close past of the town, including the time when when citizens of Wiślica supported Władysław’s the Short struggleof power. Moreover, on the Romanesque façade a statue representing Kazimir himself was placed. Similar solutions were introduced also in other Kazimir’s foundations. Another significant point of reference is collegiate church in Vienna where at the same time older façade was preserved decorated with the founder’s statue. Yet in Wiślica such historical programme was connected with the arms of the lands ruled by Kazimir. All these elements make an image of reunited Kingdom ruled by the rightful dynasty.
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Dlaczego polska historiografia cierpi na obsesję korony królewskiej pierwszych Piastów? Różnice w postrzeganiu władzy królewskiej i jej funkcji u ochrzczonych Słowian i Skandynawów. Esej

86%
Słupecki L. P.
Historia Slavorum Occidentis
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2017
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issue 3 (14)
58-67
EN
This paper analyses the difference in the perception, definition and usage of the concept of royal ideology in the tenth-eleventh-century Poland and Bohemia (or among Western Slavs in general) versus Scandinavia. It demonstrates that while Polish (and Czech) rulers agreed to follow Carolingian (‘Frankish’) model of royal power, the old pagan model of rulership preserved in Scandinavia seemed to secure more power for the king, including the truly royal title. The paper proposes that the West Slavic elites decide to enter the imperial system of Western Europe in an attempt to act as external members of the Christian and Imperial world, but instead they had to accept a new religion, rules, hierarchy and their own subordinate position. Hence, contrary to the general understanding, the coronations of the first three Polish kings were not symbols of sovereignty, but rather of dependence on the Holy Roman Empire.
3
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Duke of Eastern Mazovia (1373–1429). Janusz I the Old [Great]

72%
Grabowski J.
Zeszyty Naukowe Ostrołęckiego Towarzystwa Naukowego
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2017
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vol. Zeszyt
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issue XXXI
249-262
PL
Janusz I (1346–1429) był synem Siemowita III i Eufemii, córki Mikołaja II, księcia opawskiego. Miano otrzymał na cześć rodziny matki, księżniczki opawskiej. Nie zachowało się wiele informacji z początkowego okresu życia. W 1373 r. Siemowit III wydzielił swoim starszym synom dzielnice; Janusz I otrzymał ziemię warszawską, wiską, zakroczymską i ciechanowską. Po śmierci Siemowita III w 1381 r. doszło do ostatecznego podziału Mazowsza. Janusz I rządził na Wschodnim Mazowszu (ziemia czerska, warszawska, ciechanowska, zakroczymska, wyszogrodzka, nurska, różańska, łomżyńska). Janusz I polubił Annę Danutę, córkę księcia litewskiego Kiejstuta, z którą miał trzech synów (Janusza, Bolka, Konrada) oraz córkę (Olgę). Janusz I (najdłużej żyjący Piast mazowiecki) zmarł w Czersku 8 XII 1429 r. i został pochowany w kolegiacie św. Jana Chrzciciela, nekropolii Piastów Wschodniego Mazowsza.
EN
Janusz I (1346–1429) was the son of Siemowit III and Euphemia – the daughter of Nicholas II, Duke of Opava. He was named in honour of his mother’s family, Euphemia, Duchess of Opava. There is not much preserved information concerning the early stages of his life. In 1373, Siemowit III assigned provinces to his elder sons; Janusz I received the lands of Warsaw, Wizna, Zakroczym and Ciechanów. After the death of Siemowit III in 1381, the final division of Mazovia took place. Janusz I ruled over Eastern Mazovia (the lands of Czersk, Warsaw, Ciechanów, Zakroczym, Wyszogród, Nur, Różan, Łomża). Janusz I married Anna Danuta, the daughter of Kiejstut – Duke of Lithuania, with whom he had 3 sons (Janusz, Bolek, Konrad) and a daughter (Olga). Janusz I (the longest living Mazovian Piast) died in Czersk (8 December 1429) and was buried in the collegiate church of St. John the Baptist, the necropolis of the Piasts of Eastern Mazovia.
4
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A goldsmith’s workshop in the Poznań stronghold as an indication of cultural contacts between the Piast and the Přemyslid dynasties

58%
Kóčka-Krenz H.
Historia Slavorum Occidentis
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2020
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issue 2 (25)
91-108
EN
This paper gives details on a feature uncovered during archaeological research in Ostrów Tumski in Poznań, which yielded crucibles with particles of gold, fragments of gold foil, filigree, rivets, semi-finished products and finished products and beads from decorative stones. The feature was identified as a goldsmith’s workshop and attempts were made to determine the origin of the raw materials and where the artisans came from.
5
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Śląsk w X wieku: źle postawione zagadnienie

58%
Paszkiewicz B.
Slavia Antiqua: rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim
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2023
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issue 64
77-131
EN
Researchers of the Polish past often discuss Silesia in the tenth century but the entity later referred to by this name did not exist at that time while its individual parts had different runs of history. The first evidence of establishing contacts between the middle Oder basin and the Mediterranean world after the Migration Period are three Arabic coins from 770-776, bereft of notches, graffiti or other traces of circulation, found on Trzebnica Ridge (Figures 1-3). Unlike the wave of Arabic silver coinage a quarter of a century later, these coins arrived not via the ‘Northern Arch’ but from the south, via Venice. They probably mark the attempts of slavers to penetrate the Oder basin. After 950, the route from Bohemia to the mouth of the Oder river was established, leading alongside the Neisse and the Oder but it was soon disrupted by the expansion of the Milceni to the east. Behind the Milceni, however, was the power of the East Frankish Kingdom, so the Přemyslids expanded to the north-east to bypass the Neisse. The Přemyslid expansion consisted in collecting tributes from the tribes occupying the left bank of the Oder River: Zlasane, Trebouane, Pobarane and Dedosize – and in establishing permanent military outposts in Niemcza and Wrocław. The result of including the local dwellers in the trade and tributary network was the concentration of power in the tribes and the spread of silver hoarding. After the alliance between the Boleslavs of Prague and Mieszko I of Gniezno was established in c. 964, both states met on the middle Oder line and co-operated within the great trade corridor connecting Central Asia, Scandinavia and Western Europe. Political destabilization in Germany after 983 enabled Mieszko to break off the alliance, cross the Oder to the west and spread his influence along the Kaczawa to Milceni and Meissen lands, and then in 990 to drive the Czechs out of the area between Wrocław and the Sudetes. In this way, a route from Mayence to Kyïv was created, bypassing Prague, cut off the city from contacts with the mouth of the Oder River, which led to the crisis of the Czech state.
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