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EN
People with intellectual disabilities (IDs) are often recognised as suffering from “social exclusion”. Attempts aimed at combating this exclusion include support in finding employment and preparing them for living independently. Unfortunately, for a large group of people with intellectual disabilities the aforementioned strategies of promoting social inclusion are unattainable, and thus alternative areas of social inclusion are sought after. The arts/artistic work may be one of them. Due to the fact that the study was conducted as participatory action research, the main areas of social exclusion of people with intellectual disabilities were exposed. This allowed for attempting to prevent this phenomenon. In this study, artistic work has become a laboratory of social practices toward people with intellectual disabilities and the solutions created in the realm of the arts may serve as an example for designing a normalising model of support for people with intellectual disabilities in other areas as well.
EN
The present article is meant to offer a view of the avant-garde movement initiated by the Romanian avant-garde journal Contimporanul at the beginning of last century with regard to the Polish echoes in its pages. Together with the artistic phenomena quoted by the editors of journal, in order to offer a complete range of data, we intend to present to the Romanian public an accurate image of the Polish literary and artistic phenomenon.
EN
Foreign language teacher training programmes often require student teachers to spend some time in a country where the target language is spoken. While research on the role of study abroad experiences in general teacher education is well documented, investigations dealing with the impact of mobility initiatives on FL teacher education are rather scarce. The present study, based on oral interviews, examines long-term effects of a two-week international workshop, an Erasmus Intensive Programme (IP), on student teachers’ perception of their role as FL teachers. The IP aimed at finding ways to incorporate elements of the arts into English classes in four European countries: Germany, Poland, Turkey and Lithuania. The IP participants were invited to take part in lectures, practical workshops and visits to local schools. The results of the study reveal that within approximately a year after the completion of the IP the participants from Poland express a general positive attitude towards the infusion of the arts into the EFL curriculum. The IP experience evoked the future teachers’ reflection upon a number of key issues in the profession of FL teaching: the degree of individualization and learner autonomy in class, rejecting the idea of teacher as solely an authority figure, the use of various forms of social interaction in class, and self-improvement or life-long learning being inherent aspects of the teaching profession.
EN
The purpose of this article is to describe and comment on didactic solutions used at the middle school, related to the poetry of Maria Pawlikowska-Jasnorzewska and the short story of an American writer. The Oval Portrait by Edgar Allan Poe. The described methodological tools were developed as part of the national project conducted by the Institute for Educational Research. The basis for the juxtaposition of various texts are such categories as: the arts, love and nature, all strongly present in the works of the above mentioned artists. Conclusions of methodological nature are accompanied by literary reflection.
PL
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest opisanie i skomentowanie rozwiązań dydaktycznych na poziomie gimnazjum, związanych z poezją Marii Pawlikowskiej-Jasnorzewskiej i nowelą amerykańskiego twórcy – mowa tutaj o Portrecie owalnym Edgara Allana Poe. Opisane narzędzia metodyczne powstały w ramach ogólnopolskiego projektu prowadzonego przez Instytut Badań Edukacyjnych. Podstawą do zestawienia ze sobą różnych tekstów są takie kategorie, jak miłość, sztuka i natura, silnie obecne w twórczości wspomnianych artystów. Wnioskom metodycznym towarzyszy refleksja o charakterze literaturoznawczym.
EN
A text bringing for the first time a comprehensive survey of Němeček’s reflections on genius contained in all of his known published writings as well as in his lectures on aesthetics surviving in the handwritten student’s notes taken down by Peter Eduard Bolzano. A summary of Němeček’s views is followed by a review of their sources and inspirations. The study points to the relevance of anthropology textbooks and treatises for the time’s approaches to the thematization of genius.
CS
Studie představuje poprvé souhrnně Němečkovy úvahy o géniovi obsažené ve všech známých publikovaných pracích a rovněž v přednáškách z estetiky dochovaných v rukopisném studentském zápisu Petera Eduarda Bolzana. Shrnutí Němečkových stanovisek následně ústí v zamyšlení nad jejich zdroji a inspiracemi. Studie poukazuje na důležitost antropologických učebnic a pojednání pro dobové tematizování génia.
DE
Der Artikel beschreibt die Beziehungen zwischen dem künstlerischen Schaffen und der erotischen Kultur am Beispiel Japans. Es wird die Frage erörtert, ob man aufgrund der Analyse des künstlerischen Schaffens schlussfolgern kann, wie unterschiedliche Kategorien in jeweiliger Kultur verstanden werden. In der Geschichte der japanischen bildenden Kunst ist der Begriff shunga (japanisch 春画) entstanden, den man als "Frühlingsbilder" überset-zen kann. Das Wort "Frühling" bedeutet euphemistische Bezeichnung der sexuellen Akti-vitäten, unter shunga wird die japanische erotische Kunst verstanden. Der Artikel zeigt, warum "Frühlingsbilder" nicht nur Kunstwerke, aber auch eine Illustration der japanischen - nicht nur der erotischen - Kultur, sind.
EN
The article examines relations between artistic creation and erotic culture on the example of Japan and tests the question if analysis of art may be used to reconstruct the understand-ing of different categories in a given culture. In the history of Japanese visual arts the word 'shunga' (春画) came into existence; it can be translated as 'spring images'. The word ‘spring’ is a euphemism for sexual activities and 'shunga' can be understood as Japanese erotic art. This article shows why 'spring images' are not only the works of art, but also an illustration of Japanese – not only erotic – culture.
PL
W artykule opisuję relacje między twórczością artystyczną a kulturą erotyczną na przykła-dzie Japonii oraz podejmuję pytanie, czy na podstawie analizy twórczości artystycznej można wnioskować o tym, jak rozumiane są różne kategorie w danej kulturze. W historii japońskiej twórczości plastycznej powstało słowo shunga (jap. 春画), które można prze-tłumaczyć jako „wiosenne obrazy”. Słowo „wiosna” stanowi eufemistyczne określenie czynności seksualnych, a shungę można rozumieć jako japońską sztukę erotyczną. Artykuł pokazuje, dlaczego „wiosenne obrazy” są nie tylko dziełami sztuki, ale też ilustracją japoń-skiej kultury – nie tylko – erotycznej.
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