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EN
The paper presents the results of the research conducted in 2018 among 240 randomly selected teachers from the Kujawsko-Pomorskie Voivodeship. It aimed at recognizing the main barriers and difficulties that teachers face while implementing the elements of computational thinking and coding into IT education in grades I-III. Such changes have been introduced recently into the primary school curriculum by the Ministry of Education in Poland. The data collected from the surveys and the individual interviews allowed for identifying the main problems, among which the lack of experience and limited access to educational materials are the most commonly listed. The participants of the research study were also supposed to take the test aimed at verifying their general knowledge of IT tools as well as their programming skills. While the first one could be assessed as satisfactory the level of the later was much lower than expected. During the interviews, the teachers also complained that activities such as planning, analyzing and constructing exercises corresponding with the level of children's maturity are time-consuming. Relatively high number of students in the classes and insufficient infrastructure also do not help to ease the problem.
EN
The author undertakes the topic of the Polish language education undergoing constant reform. She refers to the fact that the reformers disregard established didactic conclusions and take into account neither the students’ needs nor the subjectivity of both young people and teachers. She indicates restrictions imposed on the spheres of school leeway and, at the same time, the expansion of the prescribed duties. Additionally, she points to the school curriculum overload. While underscoring the flaws of the literary mandatory readings’ chronological ordering, she elucidates that the contemporary perspective, which have been introduced in teaching, is largely ostensible. What she proves is that editors of new Polish language school books simply multiple requirements towards teenage students and their humanist formation. She denies the purposefulness of teaching multitude of terms to students, and reminds us that such a rote learning trains memory but does not teach one how to think. She describes the petrification of knowledge of language and omission of communicative learning, which both stem from the core curriculum and the conservatism of handbooks. She is convinced that what is genuinely important may transpire at school outside the core curriculum and the scope of school books.
EN
The purpose of the study was an investigation on a content of the core curriculum in Poland, for kindergarten children (aged 3–6) and primary school students (aged 7–18), in reference to educational demands, created by the global ecological crisis. As a source of these demands, IPCC Assessments Reports on Climate Change and UN over-arching strategies for sustainability and environmental education were used, as well as the European Union green policies’ package (The European Green Deal). Poland, as a member of the EU and a party of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, is obliged to promote and implement “green” policies, through incorporation of them into national legislation and the state system of education. The analysis revealed in Polish core curriculum lack of content, connected with the global ecological crisis and climate change, as well as with strategies of combating them. This result shows a dramatic content gap in environmental education of Polish students, regardless the fact that ecology is a fundament of global and European developmental strategies. The responsibility for this situation is beard on decision makers for a state educational policy; in a context of Polish law, this is the Ministry of Education and the Minister for Education himself.
PL
Nowa cyfrowa rzeczywistość wymaga nowych kompetencji. Prognozy dotyczące rozwoju społeczeństwa we wszystkich obszarach wskazują na potrzebę rozwijania kompetencji informatycznych, w tym myślenia komputacyjnego. Włączenie nauki programowania do podstawy programowej kształcenia ogólnego powinno wpłynąć na zapewnienie dzieciom warunków do rozwinięcia oczekiwanych kompetencji. W artykule zwrócono uwagę na dylematy i problemy, z jakimi muszą się zmierzyć współcześni nauczyciele edukacji wczesnoszkolnej.
EN
New digital reality requires new competences. Predictions related to the development in all social domains indicate the necessity for developing computer skills, including computational thinking. Incorporation of programming classes to the core curriculum of general education should effect in giving children the possibility to build up expected competences. The article mentions the dilemmas and problems which must be handled by early childhood education teachers.
EN
In recent years, educational activities have been undertaken, the effect of which is a change in philosophy and ways of geographic education, related to the development of a knowledge-based economy and digital technologies. The article discusses the general assumptions and directions of changes in the new geography program basis, with particular emphasis on the role of geoinformation technologies and GIS. Also, the relevant provisions have been presented, emphasizing the need to introduce them in the implementation of specific substantive issues from both physical and socio-economic geography. Since the introduction of GIS to such a large extent is a new situation and a big challenge for teachers, attention was also paid to the possible difficulties and limitations in the implementation of the core curriculum. Being aware of this, it is also important to take specific solutions and proposals in the field of teacher education in relation to program changes.
PL
W ostatnich latach są podejmowane działania edukacyjne, których efektem jest m.in. zmiana filozofii i sposobów kształcenia geograficznego, związana z rozwojem gospodarki opartej na wiedzy oraz technologii cyfrowych. W artykule omówiono ogólne założenia i kierunki zmian w nowych podstawach programowych geografii dla szkoły podstawowej i ponadpodstawowej, ze szczególnym podkreśleniem potrzeby i znaczenia uwzględnienia wymagań z zakresu technologii geoinformacyjnych i Systemów Informacji Geograficznej (GIS; ang. Geographic Information Systems). Jednocześnie wyjaśniono znaczenie powyższych terminów, ponieważ właściwe rozumienie jest kluczowe dla poprawnego posługiwania się nimi. Zaprezentowano także odpowiednie zapisy zawarte w podstawach programowych. Ponieważ wprowadzenie GIS do edukacji szkolnej w takim wymiarze stanowi nową sytuację i duże wyzwanie dla nauczycieli, zwrócono także uwagę na możliwe trudności i ograniczenia w realizacji założeń podstawy programowej, podkreślając jednocześnie jak ważne jest także podjęcie konkretnych rozwiązań i propozycji w zakresie dokształcania nauczycieli w związku z zaprezentowanymi zmianami programowymi.
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2014
|
vol. 9
|
issue 2
67-83
PL
Artykuł traktuje o stanie kompetencji retorycznej uczniów gimnazjum. W pierwszej kolejności autorka definiuje pojęcie kompetencja retoryczna. Następnie przedstawia jej składowe w odniesieniu do podstawy programowej (począwszy od pierwszego etapu edukacyjnego). Kolejno omawia wzorzec gatunkowy rozprawki oraz podstawowe kategorie retoryczne realizowane w rozprawkach uczniowskich takie jak: stawianie tezy lub hipotezy; dobieranie, porządkowanie, hierarchizowanie i selekcjonowanie argumentów; dobieranie trafnych przykładów; przeprowadzanie prawidłowego, logicznego wnioskowania; przestrzeganie podstawowych reguł organizacji kompozycyjnej tekstu i spójności formalnej.
EN
The article discusses the status of rhetorical competence of the grammar school students. Firstly, the author defines the concept of rhetorical competence. Then, she presents its components in relation to the core curriculum (starting from the first stage of education). The author sequentially discusses the sort model of the essay as well as basic rhetorical categories of the students’ essays, such as: putting forward the thesis or hypothesis; choosing, organising, prioritising and selecting arguments; selecting relevant examples; conducting a correct, logical reasoning; observing basic rules of compositional organization of the text and formal coherence.
PL
W literaturze polskiej, dotyczącej pedagogiki specjalnej, istnieje termin „ortodydaktyka”, który wywodzi się z dydaktyki specjalnej. Zajmuje się, podobnie jak dydaktyka ogólna, procesem dydaktycznym i metodyką nauczania, lecz czyni to w kontekście specyfiki pracy z podmiotem nauczania, jakim jest uczeń niepełnosprawny. W katechezie specjalnej obowiązują zasady dydaktyczne wypracowane przez „ortodydaktykę”. „Ortokatechetyka” jako dydaktyka katechetyczna w nauczaniu specjalnym, zajmuje się teorią nauczania i uczenia się katechetycznego osób z różnymi niesprawnościami. W posłudze katechetycznej skierowanej do osób o specjalnych potrzebach edukacyjnych obowiązują podobne zasady nauczania i wychowania, jak te, które są definiowane w pedagogice specjalnej. Dotyczy to przede wszystkim podejmowanych na katechezie działań dydaktycznych. W nauczaniu religii obowiązują również określone przez Dyrektorium ogólne o katechizacji zasady nauczania, które w odniesieniu do osób niepełnosprawnych szczegółowo podaje Podstawa Programowa Katechezy Kościoła Katolickiego w Polsce z 2010 roku. Opierając się na tych zadaniach konkretyzuje się działania w procesie dydaktycznym na lekcji religii i katechezie osób niepełnosprawnych. W artykule szeroko jest omówiona ta problematyka ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem osób niepełnosprawnych intelektualnie.
EN
In Polish literature on special education, there is the term "ortodydaktyka", which is derived from teaching special education. He is, like teaching general, the process of teaching and learning methodology, but it does so in the context of the specific job of teaching the subject, which is disabled pupil. In catechesis special rules apply teaching developed by “ortodydaktykę. “Ortokatechetyka” as catechetical teaching in special education, is the theory of teaching and learning catechetical people with different disabilities. The ministry of catechesis addressed to people with special educational needs have similar principles of teaching and education, such as those that are defined in special education. This mainly concerns the activities undertaken teaching catechism. In the teaching of religion shall also determined by the General Directory for Catechesis teaching principles which, in relation to persons with disabilities specifically provides core curriculum Catechesis Catholic Church in Poland from 2010 on the basis of these tasks concrete action in the process of teaching a lesson of religion and catechesis disabilities. The paper is widely discussed this issue with particular emphasis on people with intellectual disabilities.
IT
L’articolo mostra le possibilità e la necessità di riferirsi in catechetica a “ortodidattica”, il cui nome deriva da didattica speciale. Essa si occupa del processo di insegnamento e della metodologia di apprendimento, ma lo fa nel contesto delle specificità del lavoro con gli studenti con disabilità. Nella catechesi speciale vanno applicate le regole sviluppate dall’”ortodidattica”. “Ortocatechetica” in quanto didattica catechetica nell’insegnamento speciale, si occupa delle teorie d’insegnamento e d’apprendimento alle persone con diverse disabilità. Basandosi sugli obbiettivi indicati in esistenti programmi della catechesi, nel presente si concretizza delle azioni nell’insegnare la religione e nella catechesi delle persone con disabilità. La questione è ampiamente discussa con particolare attenzione alle persone con disabilità intellettive.
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