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EN
The primary objective of the study was recognition of the forms of sports and recreational activities of the disabled living in the regions of Rzeszów, Lublin and Białystok, and determination of the benefits drawn by them from participation in these activities. A total number of 750 were examined. The representative group was selected by the stratified random sampling method. The study was conducted by the method of a diagnostic survey. Research material was collected by means of mutually supplementary research techniques: questionnaire, interview, observation, and analysis of documentation. A detailed analysis of the results obtained allowed the presumption that more than half of the people with disabilities from the eastern regions of Poland participate in sports-recreational activities, with the largest number of respondents with a mild degree of disability. The majority of respondents approach their participation in sports-recreational activities not simply as a form of therapeutic rehabilitation. Respondents most frequently participated in walks, marches, and rehabilitation gymnastics. The largest percentage of respondents had never participated in hydrobics, horseback riding, hippotherapy, and swimming. A considerable number of the respondents would like to participate in - apart from walks, marches, and rehabilitation gymnastics - team games and swimming. According to the respondents’ opinions, forms of sports-recreational activities that are most recommended with respect to the degree and type of disability are: rehabilitation gymnastics, walks, marches, and swimming. Due to the participation in sports-recreational and tourism activities, those with disabilities have a good general well being, their state of health improves, they make new acquaintances and social contacts, make new friends, and elevate their physical efficacy and endurance. The respondents also indicated a change from sedentary lifestyle as well as satisfaction from overcoming both imperfections of own body and anxiety resulting from disability.
EN
The author of this draft position points to the conformity of Article 12 para. 1 of the Act of 7 December 2012 amending the Act on Family Benefits and Certain Other Acts (Dziennik Ustaw, item 1548) with the principle of confidence in the state and its laws and the principle of acquired rights, derived from Article 2, Article 32 para. 1 and Article 71 para. 1 of the Constitution There are no sufficient grounds to rebut the presumption of constitutionality of the above‑mentioned provision insofar as the grant of a supplement to the carer’s allowance to persons entitled to that allowance pursuant to the provisions in force until 31 December 2012 is dependent on the fact that disability of the person requiring care occurred no later than he/she has attained 18 years of age or during education in school or college, but no later than by attainment of 25 years of age. The proceedings in relation to the remainder should be discontinued due to the inadmissibility of the judgment.
EN
The article deals with the changes in the Election Code of 2011, aimed at making it easier for people with disabilities to vote. The author gives his support to them, but also offers some adjustments. As concerns voting by correspondence, he proposes to transfer to a later date the deadline for submission of notice of intention of voting, as well as the revision of the requirement of attaching a declaration confirming that the ballot has been filled‑in in person and in a manner guaranteeing secrecy of voting. In addition, the author proposes the extension of postal voting procedures to include other groups of voters. In his opinion, it would be advisable to develop procedures for electronic voting and the introduction of a statutory duty of the municipalities to organize free transportation to the polling stations for elderly and disabled voters.
EN
The disabled people in Poland are that part of labour force that has not been appreciated enough. Despite the fact that in the recent years the number of the disabled Poles who found employment has risen, their employment rate is still rather low. The majority of them (83% in 2010) are absent on the job market. The aim of the paper is to investigate how gender, place of residence, education, age and disability severeness affect the economic inactivity of the disabled and what impact their gender, place of residence and disability severity had on the likelihood of the reason for the inactivity. The author used the Polish Central Statistical Office data concerning the 4th quarter of 2010. The data were analysed by means of the logistic regression model for the dependent dichotomous variable as well as the multinomial logistic regression model. The estimated parameters helped to determine the inactivity risk quotient in relation to economic activity. They also permitted to calculate the probability of the disabled people's economic inactivity due to a particular reason.
EN
The author presents an analysis of legal issues related to the postulate in question and does not address the extra-legal issue of the purposefulness of introducing the postulated regulation. He points out, inter alia, that the introduction of the postulated regulation lies within the regulatory freedom of the legislator and the protection of the Polish sign language does not explicitly result from the binding provisions of the Constitution.
EN
In the proposed draft position the author states that the Sejm does not share the belief of the Commissioner for Citizens’ Rights that the provisions of Article 12 § 1 and § 2 of the Family and Guardianship Code violate the Constitution in that they lead to humiliation and a justified sense of grievance of people affected by their operation. It has been shown that in this case the law is not a source of harm to the individual, on the contrary – the adopted regulations are aimed at protecting constitutional values, with maximum respect for the rights and dignity of persons with disabilities. In the opinion of the author of the draft position, it cannot be found that the arguments of the Commissioner for Citizens’ Rights – referring generally to social degradation of people affected by mental disabilities, without taking into account the details of construct of marriage ban – meets the high standards required by the Constitutional Tribunal. According to the author, from the considerations contained in the draft position it follows that the above-mentioned provision of the Code is compatible with Article 30 of the Constitution.
EN
Christian formation aims at the formation of the man in God’s image. It is implemented in many places, among which the family is of particular importance. The community of the family is the first and basic place as well as the subject of religious formation. The Christian family, based on the sacramental marriage, is the place where the offspring is born and educated in a versatile way. All the family members, especially the children, and the disabled children, are the objects of the Christian formation in the family. All the disabled children, regardless of the kind and extent of disability, should undergo such a formation. Christian formation consists of: the human, intellectual, spiritual and apostolic formation. The limitations which result from disability influence the extent and methods of the Christian formation in the family.
EN
The aim of the article is to analyze the higher education of persons with disabilities, in particular from the perspective of multisectorality, and thus functioning of the public and private schools on the educational market. The number of students with disabilities is steadily increasing, but the indicators of start ing higher education by people with disabilities are still significantly lower than the total population. Through comparative and quantitative method it is possible to indicate that the two sectors propose an attractive teaching offer for students with disabilities, and that the structure of students with disabilities, taking into account the property sector and mode of study, does not differ from that of students in total. The analysis shows that the public sector is better prepared for the adoption of students with disabilities and that in the public schools disabled students can find more amenities that support their education.
PL
Tekst koncentruje się wokół osób niepełnosprawnych, jako jednej z grup klientów pomocy społecznej, i ich aktywizacji zawodowej jako głównej sferze, która prowadzona skutecznie zwiększy ich aktywność i samodzielność życiową. Przybliżono jeden z elementów systemu aktywizacji zawodowej – warsztaty terapii zajęciowej, a ramach tych instytucji skoncentrowano się na czynnikach socjodemograficznych i ich wpływie na aktywizację zawodową. Wskazano również na pracowników socjalnych jako osoby związane z procesem aktywizacji zawodowej osób niepełnosprawnych w warsztatach terapii zajęciowej.
EN
The text focuses on people with disabilities as one of the groups of social workers’ clients and their professional activation as a main sphere, which effectively increases their activity and independent living. The article presents one of the elements of professional activation system – therapy workshops, and within these the institutions focused on sociodemographic factors and their impact on professional activity. It also identifies social workers as people associated with the process of professional activation of the disabled in occupational therapy workshops.
PL
Po wielu latach starań wprowadzono do polskiego prawa wyborczego pakiet różnorodnych ułatwień w głosowaniu (adresowanych przede wszystkim do wyborców niepełnosprawnych) m.in. głosowanie przez pełnomocnika oraz głosowanie korespondencyjne. Zmiany te w zna-czący sposób zwiększyły gwarancje zasady powszechności wyborów, a także wypełnianie mię-dzynarodowych standardów. Jednak ogromnym wyzwaniem jest wciąż skuteczne poinfor-mowanie wyborców o mechanizmach prawa wyborczego, w tym nowych ułatwieniach. Na kil-ka tygodni przed wyborami do Parlamentu Europejskiego, w marcu 2014 roku, Rzecznik Praw Obywatelskich i Centrum Badania Opinii Publicznej przeprowadziły badanie wiedzy i opinii Polaków na temat nowych rozwiązań prawa wyborczego. Ukazało ono, że wiedza o nowych procedurach wyborczych jest bardzo niewielka np. zdecydowana większość ankietowych wy-borców niepełnosprawnych nie miało żadnej wiedzy o procedurach głosowania koresponden-cyjnego, czy przez pełnomocnika, a nawet o sposobach uzyskania informacji o ułatwieniach. Badanie ukazało również, że choć Polacy są bardzo otwarci na wprowadzenie do polskiego pra-wa wyborczego tzw. alternatywnych procedur głosowania, to jako preferowany przez siebie sposób oddania głosu wskazują „klasyczne” osobiste głosowanie w lokalu wyborczym.
EN
After many years of efforts a large package of solutions was introduced to the Polish electoral law that is designed to help voters (especially persons with disabilities) to participate in elections, such as postal-voting and proxy voting. It had a significant impact on the level of the constitutional guarantee of universal suffrage and on fulfilment of the international standards in this regard. But a huge challenge is to ensure effective mechanisms to inform citizens about issues related to elections (including the new procedures). Few weeks before European Parliament elections in 2014, Humans Right Defender and Public Opinion Research Center made a research about opinions and knowledge about new constructions. The research shows that awareness of new voting mechanisms and instruments are very low among society. For instance, the majority of respondents (including persons with disabilities) claimed, that they have any knowledge about postal voting, proxy voting and instruments of receiving electoral information. The research showed also that although Poles are very open for new, remote methods of voting, still the most preferable is “classic way” of voting in polling stations.
PL
W 2014 r. ukazał się artykuł Janiny Paradowskiej na temat akcji protestacyjnej rodziców dzieci niepełnosprawnych. Rodzice wraz z dziećmi uczestniczyli w strajku okupacyjnym w budynku polskiego Sejmu. Paradowska napisała, że miała mieszane uczucia na temat tego wydarzenia. Autorka rozważała poczucie niesprawiedliwości ukryte w tym sformułowaniu. Argumentację oparła na modelu współczesnego sposobu myślenia, opracowanego przez Iris Murdoch. Angielska filozof zaproponowała alternatywny sposób myślenia na temat doświadczeń wykraczających poza nasze możliwości zrozumienia. Ludzie niepełnosprawni zawsze byli w Europie marginalizowani, a teraz dzieci niepełnosprawne mają stać się częścią nauczania włączającego. Jakie czynniki mogą mieć wpływ na ich nauczanie?
EN
Inclusive education is being introduced into Poland. To be successful, educators must think critically about disability and learn what the Poles think. Iris Marion Young argues that notions how to criticize a society find their background in either experience or reflection on the society. In 2014 the author read Janina Paradowska’s description of an action by parents who took their disabled children to a sitdown strike in the house of Polish parliament. Paradowska, the late famous Polish journalist, wrote she had mixed feelings about the event. The paper argues the injustice hidden in this phrase, based on the framework of the current view described by Iris Murdoch, who suggests an alternative way of thinking about experiences extending far beyond our mind. Disabled people have always been marginalized by the European culture, and now disabled children are to be part of the inclusive education. What factors might affect their learning?
EN
The diocese is the Catholic Church made manifest in a definite place. The Church is realized there in its priestly, teaching and pastoral functions. Owing to the bishop's ministry the diocese is a part of the Catholic Church, and at the same time it is a particular Church that has its own identity and specificity. the bishop’s ministry is directed to all the faithful in the diocese. Disabled people are entrusted to his special care, as they cannot fully realize the Christian mission in the parish. For them the bishop, along with the diocesan curia and properly prepared priestly and lay assistants, organizes a special kind of pastorate that has asupra-parish character. He also supports efforts made by parish priests on the basis of the principle of personalization, normalization and integration. It is also the bishop’s task to offer material, educational and teaching aid, as well as help in their rehabilitation.
PL
Szczególną rolę w adaptacji i integracji społecznej osób z niepełnosprawnością odgrywa praca zawodowa – przemawiają za tym także względy terapeutyczne, ekonomiczne. Ruch i wysiłek fizyczny czy intelektualny wywiera korzystny wpływ na łagodzenie procesów chorobowych i poprawę czynności, które uległy zaburzeniu. Wielu teoretyków i praktyków rehabilitacji podkreśla korzystne skutki psychologiczne i społeczne pracy, a pogląd, że problemy ludzi niepełnosprawnych można rozwiązać poprzez opiekuńczą rolę państwa, przeszedł do historii. Obecnie mocno akcentuje się rolę aktywności w procesie rehabilitacji i integracji społecznej osób z niepełnosprawnością. Aktualnym zadaniem polityki społecznej w państwie demokratycznym jest przygotowanie zawodowe i stworzenie miejsc pracy dla osób o obniżonej wydolności. W systemie wartości kulturowych naszej społeczności, integracja, jako idea i wartość jest wyznacznikiem postaw społecznych, takich jak: solidarność, akceptacja, tolerancja, życzliwość. Z punktu widzenia etyki humanistycznej każdy człowiek ma prawo do pracy, która jest wartością uniwersalną, instrumentalną, a dla wielu ludzi także autoteliczną.
EN
Professional work plays an important role in social adaptation and integration of the disabled as do therapeutic and economic reasons, too. Exercises and physical or intellectual effort relieve health problems and help improve previously disturbed activities. Many theoreticians and practitioners in the field of rehabilitation stress favourable psychological and social effects of work and the viewpoint that the issues of the disabled can be solved by a welfare state has gone down in history. The role of activity in the process of social rehabilitation and integration of the disabled has been widely propagated recently. Professional preparation and the creation of new job opportunities for people with lower capacity seem to be current objectives of any democratic state social policy. Integration, as an idea and value, in the system of cultural values of our society is a determinant of such social attitudes as: solidarity, acceptance, tolerance and kindliness. From the point of view of humane ethics every human being has the right to work – work which is a universal, instrumental and (for many) also autotelic value
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