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EN
A purpose of this text is to describe how the concept of time is used in pedagogical research. An author characterizes research of educational reality in which the described category is used. Thanks to this, the potential of the concept of time was presented. The author concludes that the possibilities of this category are not used in pedagogical research and that the temporal dimension of education offers enormous exploratory possibilities. The text is completed with the characteristics of time structuring in transactional analysis as one of the ways to temporarily conceptualize interpersonal relationships in educational institutions.
EN
The purpose of the article was to draw attention to usefulness of a relatively recently separated, additional time structuring category: play. This category refers to Natural Child’s activity state, under which a person consciously takes actions with a high level of spontaneity, which is a source of pleasant emotions. This way of time structuring, despite having some common points, differs both from pastimes, games, activities and intimacy, covering some categorisation gaps in Berne’s categorisation system. It was confirmed by my own study on the link between students’ style of living and time structuring, which showed that play has an important role in their lives.
EN
The school class is a dynamic and internally complex structure. This is one of the basic social groups in which young people participate. For this reason, the phenomena that take place in this structure are extremely important for the development of children and youth. The process of constituting a class is never finished. This structure is in a constant process of becoming. A school class is subject to the same social laws of dynamics as every group. This also applies to development stages. This text describes four stages of school classroom development from the point of view of time structuring in transactional analysis. For this purpose, a survey technique executed in a high school was used. The article is an attempt to identify the characteristic forms of time sstructuring of high school students in individual stages of group development – the school class. To analyze each of the phases, a panel model was used – the data was collected four times during the school year, each time the same students were tested using the same questionnaire. The text is also an attempt to draw attention to the possibility of using transactional analysis to explore phenomena and processes that take place in educational reality.
PL
Klasa szkolna jest dynamiczną i wewnętrznie złożoną strukturą. Jest to jedna z podstawowych grup społecznych, w których uczestniczy młody człowiek. Z tego względu zjawiska, które mają miejsce w tej strukturze są niezwykle istotne dla rozwoju dzieci i młodzieży. Proces konstytuowania się klasy nigdy nie jest czymś dokonanym. Struktura ta jest w ciągłym procesie stawania się. Klasa szkolna podlega tym samym prawom dynamiki, co każda grupa, włączając w to także fazowość rozwoju. W niniejszym tekście przeanalizowano cztery etapy rozwoju klasy szkolnej z punktu widzenia strukturalizacji czasu w analizie transakcyjnej. W tym celu posłużono się techniką ankiety realizowaną w liceum ogólnokształcącym. Artykuł jest próbą wyłonienia cech charakterystycznych strukturalizacji czasu licealistów w poszczególnych fazach rozwoju grupy – klasy szkolnej. Aby móc analizować każdą z faz, posłużono się modelem panelu – dane zbierane były cztery razy w ramach roku szkolnego, za każdym razem badano tych samych uczniów, używając tego samego kwestionariusza. Tekst jest także próbą zwrócenia uwagi na możliwość wykorzystania analizy transakcyjnej do eksploracji fenomenów, zjawisk i procesów mających miejsce w rzeczywistości edukacyjnej.
EN
The article is an attempt to build a visual model combining the analysis of personality structure, life position and time structuring. The first part of the article contains the introduction and the description of utility models describing patterns of social behavior. The next part contains the description of the evolution of the diagram of life positions as an example of an integrated diagnostic model. The last part describes the model, which was developed while conducting an assertiveness training and can be used in diagnosing and coaching.
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