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1
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Homes integrated as an institution (total) in the support system for adults with deep intellectual disability – introduction to consideration

100%
Gawlik E.
Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej
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2019
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issue 27
PL
The article discusses the subject of housing for people with more severe intellectual disability – as one of the forms of support. The integrated-community flat constitutes an alternative institutional form of support for persons with more severe intellectual disability. The symbolic interactionism theory was extremely helpful in preliminary deliberations and the discussed integrated-community flats were based on the conception of total institutions. Therefore, the following questions were asked: What characteristics of a total institution does the integrated-community flat have? Can the integrated-community flat be described as having characteristics of a total institution? A qualitative case study with participant observation was used for this purpose.
2
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Ships as ‘Total Institutions’. Acculturating Seafarers for a Global Political Economy

92%
Simons S. A.
Roczniki Socjologii Morskiej
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2013
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vol. 22
62-68
EN
Seafarers working in the 21st century global shipping industry are multi-national crew of migrant contract labourers, recruited by crewing agencies to work on a variety of ships for specific periods of time. Types of ships found today may include bulk carriers, container ships, tankers, gas carriers, heavy lift vessels, car carriers, ferries and passenger ships such as luxury cruise liners, among others. The voyages undertaken on board ships cover an expansive global maritime environment depending on where the goods are sourced, the destination, goods being transported, the type of ship, and if there are any designated ports of call for loading and offloading goods as well as boarding and disembarking passengers on the way. Typically, the greater proportion of the seafarers’ contract period is spent at sea, working in a maritime work environment on board different ships where he is assigned by his employer. During this time, crew interact with colleagues from a variety of nationalities, performing role-specific tasks in the same built environment and within a maritime mobile workspace. While conducting an empirical research on ship crew in the international fleet to harness their views on how maritime piracy in Eastern Africa may be affecting their health and wellbeing, the author observed that the ripple effects of structural changes in the shipping industry in the last few decades could be adversely influencing the seafarer work environment and social interactions, in ways that justify the description by Lane and Smith (2011) of ‘ships as jails’. The author has analysed the social adjustments that seafarers constantly make in order to fit into their evolving mobile workplaces. This discussion has been done using ideas espoused form Goffman’s ‘Total Institutions’ conceptual framework. This article therefore seeks to discuss the acculturation process that crew undergo within their mobile work built environment, as being comparable to some extent, to the social adjustments that Goffman’s subjects underwent in their institutions. Through ‘mortification processes’, the residents in Goffman’s studies were impacted psychologically by the regimented social life in the enclosed institution spaces interacting within limited social circles. Although a number of aspects have been identified that have the potential to adversely affect seafaring occupational health and safety regime (Walters, Bailey, 2013), this article will concentrate on highlighting some factors within the seafarers work place that in the author’s opinion, have directly influenced some psychological adjustments that seafarers make, in order to adapt the seafaring culture befitting their workplace. Three noteworthy influential factors discussed in this article include(a) the cumulative effect of living and working in an enclosed built environment (b) the seafarers’ limited social circle while onboard ships (c) the physical and social isolation of seafarers from colleagues while on-board ships, and from their families and land-based communities by the ship structure and the geographical maritime nature of their workplace. These features were selected as they could be discussed from Goffman’s theoretical framework as possible influences on the seafarers’ workplace socialization process. They are just a few comparable factors between the situation of modern seafarers and Goffman’s subjects. The scope of this paper will explore the potential for these three key factors to impact on psychological adjustments that seafarers make during their career working on ships. The author has based the discussion of ‘Ships as Total Institutions’ on the fact that there exists evidence of the cumulative effect of each of these three factors over time in the career of seafarers. The empirical studies provide the evidence upon which the author concludes that the ship is a ‘Total Institution’. This article has been written as the drafting of the author’s thesis is at an advanced stage. The intention of this paper is not prescriptive, rather as a catalyst for discussion of seafarers’ work environment and occupational health and safety from an additional social theoretical perspectives.
3

Oarsmen's Views about the Effects of Training on their Daily Lives. Applying Goffman's Theory in the Rowing Communes.

92%
Koukouris K., Panagiotis G., Nikos V.
Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research
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2009
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vol. 46
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issue 1
194-207
EN
Research on the social dimension of rowing is underrepresented in the coaching science literature. It is well known in rowing circles that many problems arise from the training process in the rowing communes. The complaints of the oarsmen regarding specific problems during the training process in rowing communes were examined in this study. Fourteen oarsmen from Northern Greece with experience from rowing communes were selected and gave in-depth interviews. The complaints expressed by the oarsmen in interviews include the following: Athletic failure in major international events, as expressed subjectively by the oarsmen, results from fatigue prior to events, the incorrect timing of competitive goals (selection in the national team versus success in the international events) and the lack of meritocracy in the selection of oarsmen for the national team. Oarsmen of the national team neglect their studies and their professional future. During their stay in rowing communes the oarsmen are cut off from their social contacts. All oarsmen agreed that competing for a place in the team is a greater source of stress than the actual competition itself. Oarsmen believe that the presence of Greece in international competitions results from the efforts of athletes rather than those of coaches and administrators.
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COMPORTAMENTUL INDIVIDULUI INSTITUŢIONALIZAT. ANALIZĂ COMPARATIVĂ ÎNTRE FICŢIUNEA CINEMATOGRAFICĂ ŞI REALITATEA CARCERALĂ

70%
ROANTĂ I. M.
Concordia Discors vs Discordia Concors: Researches into Comparative Literature, Contrastive Linguistics, Cross-Cultural and Translation Strategies
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2015
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vol. 7
43-65
EN
The situation of institutionalized persons and the consequences of the forced institutionalization experience is a topic often addressed in scientific research, cinematographic productions or literary works. Living in closed and punitive environments such as prisons, correction schools, psychiatric hospitals, for a long time, involves a process of identity cancellation. Isolation from the rest of society makes it difficult to preserve the status of the individual and then recover the initial private identity. Regardless of the intensity of efforts made to support the preservation of individuality, the major difficulty manifests itself at the moment of reintegration into the external environment of "total institutions". Our paper analyzes the experience of institutionalization from the perspective of Erving Goffman's research. Reviewing this theoretical support, our work aims to analyze the films The Lobster (2015) and The Shawshank Redemption (1994), compared to the experience of a former prisoner of Bistrita Penitentiary in 2005 and of former prisoners in Pitesti Prison in the period 1949-1952. The objective of the research is to identify the primary, secondary behaviours and similarities between the selected cases.
5
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Emotion Work in the Context of the Resocialization of Youth in Correctional Facilities in Poland

70%
Chomczyński P.
Polish Sociological Review
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2017
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vol. 198
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issue 2
219-236
EN
This article reflects on the “emotion work” undertaken by youth in correctional facilities and the impact of such work on the resocialization process, which occurs in conditions of partial isolation. The author attempts to adapt the psychological concept to the educational activities offered in youth correctional facilities. He defends the idea that an inmate’s emotion work, which occurs through the inmate’s relations with the personnel, provides the basis for effective resocialization activities. He discusses activities to help boys and girls in correctional facilities develop accepted social mechanisms for managing their negative emotions. The findings presented in the article rest on seven years of qualitative research in resocialization centers of all types throughout Poland. The principle of triangulation in regard to method, researcher, and data was used for the research. For analysis of the empirical material, an interpretative paradigm was used to grasp the interactive nature of emotion work and the emergence of negative emotions.
6
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Utrata twarzy, czyli o upokorzeniu w aspekcie społecznym i jednostkowym

58%
Pachowicz M.
Parezja. Czasopismo Forum Młodych Pedagogów przy Komitecie Nauk Pedagogicznych PAN
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2014
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vol. 2
EN
Humiliating situations can occur both at the macro level (when dealing with specific social groups) and the micro level (when they appear in the relations of the individual with social environment). Humiliation always brings negative consequences, and is a source of suffering and shame. It also robs a man of dignity and violates his internal integrity. Ruthlessness of dehumanization mechanisms is present in thinking and action of a person who uses humiliation as a tool of influence and the way of achieving his own benefits. The victim of dependency and social inequality may take different strategies to cope with humiliation. This text is an attempt to search for the answers to the question about the causes and consequences of humiliation in interpersonal relations, both in a social ad individual context.
7
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Uwarunkowania dominacji i podporządkowania w grupach dziewcząt i chłopców – wychowanków zakładów poprawczych

58%
Chomczyński P.
Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny
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2013
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vol. 75
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issue 2
231-244
EN
The main aim of this paper is to present the results of research focused on in-group processes among boys and girls located in four semi-open reformatories and one highly restricted facility. The problem of hierarchisation based on both processes of domination and subordination is presented. It characterises juveniles who declare being obedient to underground life principles. The paper also analyses the differences between mechanisms used by girls and boys aimed to maintain or change some hierarchical relations.
PL
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest prezentacja wyników badań skoncentrowanych wokół problematyki szeroko pojętych procesów wewnątrzgrupowych zachodzących w grupach dziewcząt i chłopców przebywających w czterech zakładach poprawczych typu półotwartego w Polsce oraz dwóch zakładach poprawczych o wzmożonym nadzorze wychowawczym dla chłopców. W głównej mierze przedstawiono w nim zagadnienie hierarchizacji oparte na procesach dominacji i podporządkowaniu, które cechują relacje badanej młodzieży deklarującej „wyznawanie zasad” tzw. drugiego życia. Przeanalizowano różnice pomiędzy działaniami i mechanizmami stosowanymi przez dziewczęta i chłopców, których celem jest utrzymanie bądź zmiana dotychczasowych relacji hierarchicznych. Do opisu i analizy prezentowanych zjawisk w artykule przyjęto perspektywę interakcjonistyczną Herberta Blumera. Stwarza ona możliwość przybliżenia i wyjaśnienia natury relacji, jakie tworzą się pomiędzy podopiecznymi. Badania zostały oparte na metodach jakościowych, wykorzystano m.in. technikę jawnej obserwacji quasi-uczestniczącej, technikę wywiadu swobodnego zrealizowanego wśród kadry i wychowanków oraz analizę dokumentów wizualnych.
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Instytucje totalne dzisiaj: stan badań, krytyka, rekonfiguracje

47%
Posłuszny Ł.
Studia Socjologiczne
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2017
|
issue 4(227)
121-145
PL
Goffmanowska koncepcja instytucji totalnych stępiła się i rodzi dziś więcej pytań, niż udziela odpowiedzi. Z perspektywy ponad pięćdziesięciu lat od wydania Asylums, narosło wokół pracy wiele nieporozumień, a definicja stała się rozmyta i niejasna, umożliwiając używanie jej do opisu nieomal każdej instytucji społecznej. Artykuł ma na celu zmianę tej sytuacji i zaproponowanie skorygowanej, wyostrzonej i dostosowanej do zmieniającej się rzeczywistości społecznej definicji koncepcji instytucji totalnych. Tok argumentacji rozpoczyna ulokowanie koncepcji w historii badań społecznych oraz w kontekstach jej aplikowalności. Kolejny krok stanowi rekonstrukcja krytycznych stanowisk na przestrzeni lat, pozwalająca zidentyfikować słabe i mocne punkty Goffmanowskiej propozycji. Następnie artykuł podąża za intelektualnymi dłużnikami Goffmana, którzy udoskonalają lub budują konkurencyjne propozycje teoretyczne na bazie przemyśleń dotyczących instytucji totalnych. Na końcu, korzystając z prezentowanych wcześniej w artykule uwag oraz pomysłów innych badaczy, zostaje przedstawiona autorska rekonfiguracja koncepcji instytucji totalnych.
EN
Goffman’s concept of total institutions seems to have lost its significance and raises a lot of questions. From the perspective of more than 50 years since the first publication of Asylums, there has been a great deal of confusion surrounding this work. The definition of total institutions itself is fuzzy and ambiguous, applicable to almost any social institution. This article aims at offering a corrected, precise and upto-date definition of total institutions. It starts with placing the concept in the context of other social studies and its applicability. Then it moves on to reconstruct the critical comments, identifying the weak and strong points of Goffman’s concept. It discusses other alternative theoretical constructs which build on his work. Finally, the author formulates a reconfiguration of the concept.
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Czynniki egzogenne determinujące zachowania agresywne wychowanków zakładów poprawczych wobec pracowników. Problem bezpieczeństwa personelu

47%
Chomczyński P.
Resocjalizacja Polska
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2013
|
issue 4/2013
157-172
PL
Artykuł ma charakter empiryczny, zaś prezentowane w nim rezultaty badań opierają się na technikach jakościowych, takich jak: wywiady swobodne przeprowadzone z personelem i podopiecznymi, obserwacja jawna quasi-uczestnicząca, analiza dokumentów.
EN
The aim of this paper is to present the selected exogenous conditions influencing the safety of staff in Polish reformatories for juvenile delinquents. There are discussed the circumstances linked with staff and inmates’ activities raising the risk of extraordinary events occurrence. The article posses the empirical character and the results presented here base on qualitative techniques..
10
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Emocje i praca emocjonalna personelu instytucji korekcyjnych dla młodzieży w kontekście działań resocjalizacyjnych

47%
Chomczyński P.
Przegląd Socjologiczny
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2017
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vol. LXVI
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issue 2
63-89
PL
Artykuł przybliża problem występowania zarówno emocji, jak i szeroko pojętej pracy emocjonalnej wśród personelu zakładów poprawczych (ZP) oraz schronisk dla nieletnich (SdN) w odniesieniu do skuteczności resocjalizacji w warunkach częściowej izolacji. Autor podjął próbę zastosowania konceptu pracy emocjonalnej do opisu i wyjaśnienia oddziaływań wychowawczych obecnych w instytucjach korekcyjnych dla młodzieży. Broniona jest teza, że u podstaw efektywnych działań resocjalizacyjnych leżą emocje oraz praca emocjonalna, której dokonuje personel w relacjach z podopiecznymi. Dyskusji poddane są działania pracowników placówek ukierunkowane na wypracowanie własnych sposobów radzenia sobie z emocjami negatywnymi. W artykule poruszony jest zarówno problem pracy płytkiej, jak i głębokiej oraz ich wpływu na interakcje z wychowankami. Zaprezentowane w artykule wnioski opierają się na ośmioletnich badaniach jakościowych prowadzonych w ośrodkach resocjalizacyjnych wszystkich typów w całej Polsce. Do analizy zebranych materiałów empirycznych wykorzystany został paradygmat interpretatywny, który daje możliwość uchwycenia interakcyjnego charakteru powstawania emocji negatywnych i pracy emocjonalnej.
EN
This article depicts the problem of both the arousal of emotions and emotional work, both of which occur among the personnel of juvenile detention centers and juveniles’ shelters, in the context of the effectiveness of social rehabilitation. The article employs the concept of emotional work to describe and explain pedagogical actions initiated in correctional institutions. It adopts the thesis that the key condition of effective social rehabilitation is emotional work, which is undertaken by personnel in their daily relations with inmates. As they experience negative emotions, the personnel have to construct their own ways of dealing with them. The article also covers the concept of personnel’s surface and deep emotional work – both of which affect their interactions with juveniles. The results presented in this paper are based on an eight-year qualitative study carried out in all types of juvenile correctional institutions across Poland. The study used the triangulation principle gathering methods, researcher and data. To analyze empirical data the interpretative paradigm was employed, which makes it possible to examine the arousal of emotions and the initiation of emotional work.
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