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PL
Presented article is a recapitulation of visible tendencies in both Polish and Czech publishing markets with regard to publications of literary translations of Czech literature in Poland and Polish literature in the Czech Republic in 2016 and 2017. It presents the most important literary translations in each language pair, pointing out leading publishers and the most active translators in this area. Finally, the author outlines general paths along which the Polish literature translations in the Czech Republic and vice versa develop.
Translationes
|
2015
|
vol. 7
|
issue 1
46-59
EN
This article sets out to offer a panoramic view of the history and historiography of translation into Romanian from a variety of approaches, among them the history of language, of literature, and of cultural and artistic practices. The following aspects will be focused on in carrying out this survey: translation as an act, the participants in the translation process (partially recorded in indexes and/or indirectly listed in dictionaries and indexes of translated works), and translation as a result. Our intention is to emphasize how valuable research in the field of Romanian translation is, in particular in order to reveal the role translation has played in the process of linguistic and administrative self-determination, and, through this, in the construction of the national past.
EN
The bibliography includes translations into the Silesian language made both in the standard script as well as in the non-standard one. The starting point for translations into the contemporary Silesian may be dated back to 2002. Since then, there have been irregularly published, usually in the form of collections, translations of various literary genres (with a preponderance of poetic forms) from dozen or so world languages, such as: Greek, Latin, French, German, Polish, Mandarin Chinese, English, Welsh, Russian, or the Upper Sorbian. No single translation from Silesian into other language is included, since heretofore no such a translation has been made.
EN
The main focus of this paper is to examine the translation strategies of the translators of Herta Müller’s novel Atemschaukel, Radka Denemarková (Czech) and Katarzyna Leszczyńska (Polish). The aim is to find out to what extent the cultural experience of these translators, consisting of biographical, artistic and linguistic aspects, has influenced the translations. Important in this context is the transculturalism of the author Herta Müller. She uses idiomatic expressions and uses borrowings and a multitude of neologisms, the translation of which is influenced to varying degrees by the cultural experience of the translators in their search for equivalence at the level of expression.
EN
The presented paper deals with cultural influence on the work of translators and translation trainers. It defines the notion of „culture“ in translation studies, deals with the issue of intercultural competence of translators, and presents some cultural specifications that translators may encounter when translating into German and Slovak language. Furthermore, it poses a question of how to implement the translation theory in the didactics of translation.
EN
On the occasion of 100 years of existence and activity of Adam Mickiewicz University in Pozna, one may sum up the contribution of the Faculty of Theology which has existed as part of the uni- versity for 20 years. This contribution has concerned the research and teaching arenas combined with a commitment for the social community of the Wielkopolska province. What is specific of the faculty is its ability to work both on the scientific and didactic levels as well as on the church level, which requires considerable knowledge and time in order to competently combine the requirements of working at university with demands of the Catholic Church managed by the Second Vatican Council. The scientific and popular scientific initiatives in the widely understood biblical studies represent a valuable contribution to the celebration of 100 years of the Pozna university. Like other scientific disciplines, they can proudly make their own contribution to the development of sci- ence in our city, as well as the entire country. One can only hope that the present generation of sci- entists will take the baton passed to them in the relay race of generations, and will make their own contribution to the science thereby honouring Pozna as an important scientific centre in Poland.
PL
W artkule zostają omówione zmieniające się teorie przekładoznawcze, które lokują wierność tłumaczy w różnych elementach procesu translacyjnego. Raz wymaga się od nich wierności wobec autora tekstu źródłowego, innym razem wobec oryginału lub kolejno: czytelników pierwowzoru, kultury wyjściowej, kultury docelowej, odbiorcy przekładu, zleceniodawcy przekładu, norm docelowych itp. Raz traktuje się tłumacza jako kopistę, innym razem pozwala mu się ingerować w tekst i być jego drugim autorem (czasem ważniejszym niż twórca pierwowzoru!). Te zmieniające się normy translatoryczne są opisane w artykule z punktu widzenia etyki słowa, dlatego najbardziej uwypuklona została w nim jedna z nowszych teorii przekładu − tj.„Szkoła Manipulistów”. Od lojalności tłumacza (wobec kogo? czego?) zależy kształt przekładu, który z kolei wpływa na rzesze czytelników, ich poglądy i postawy życiowe. Gdzie więc tłumacz ma tę lojalność lokować, wobec kogo i czego ma być wierny? W artykule zostają także udzielone odpowiedzi na te pytania.
EN
The author discusses various changing translational theories which place the translator's loyalty in different elements of the translational process. Sometimes loyalty towards the author of the source text is demanded of them, and other times faithfulness towards the original work or to its readers, source culture, target culture, target recipients, translation commissioner, norms of the target culture etc. is required. Sometimes translators are treated like mere copyists, and other times as second authors (often even more important than the creators of the original texts). The article describes these changing norms from an ethical point of view, focusing on one of the most modern theories – the Manipulation School. A translator's loyalty (to what and whom?) influences the shape of the translation, which, in turn, affects its readers, their views and attitudes. And so, where should translators place their loyalty, to whom and to what should they be faithful? These questions require answers and answers are provided.
EN
This paper explores the concept of legal translation as a Third Space through the lens of the ‘multilingual’ Court of Justice of the European Union (ECJ). In many ways legal translation at that Court fits readily with the characterisation of translation as a Third Space. Due to complex internal production processes the ECJ produces texts which are undoubtedly hybrid in nature, and which exhibit distinctive features on a lexical and textual level marking them out as a product of cross-fertilisation of influences from source and target languages and legal cultures. Even the teleological approach taken towards legal reasoning at the ECJ occupies a space outside the strict confines of the texts involved. Both the processes and the product of the ECJ’s language system appear to bear all the hallmarks of translation as a Third Space. However, translation at the ECJ also challenges the concept of a Third Space. The prevailing definitions of translation as a Third Space fail to effectively conceptualise additional nuances of the specific nature of drafting and the complex nature of translation at the ECJ. This paper uses original empirical data to demonstrate that translation at the ECJ places constraints on the undefined, vague and fluid nature of the Third Space, warping the forces at work within that space. In this regard, rather than an amorphous space, the Third Space is better thought of as a determinate area which is delimited by elements of translation process which constrain it. This adapted framing of the Third Space can consequently be used to better understand and illustrate the dynamics at play in other areas of legal translation where the current concept of the Third Space is equally inadequate for encompassing the specific nature of translation practices which impact on that space-in-between.
EN
In this article we describe the peculiarities of learning foreign languages (Tibetan, Mongolian, Uyghur, Vietnamese, Japanese, Korean, Burmese, English languages) in primary schools of China. These languages were the first foreign languages learning in China. The first foreign language that appeared in China was English. Only children from the rich families could learn this language. At first, there were no schools in China, that’s why children learnt foreign languages at home. In 1289 the first school of learning foreign languages was opened in China. The first teachers of foreign languages were Persian; moreover, only foreigners were the teachers in this school. The best students became the teachers of foreign languages later. Only boys had an opportunity to learn not only foreign languages, but enter the school. Chinese liked to learn different foreign languages. Most popular languages were Japanese, Vietnamese, Russian and English. At the end of the year students passed the exams. Nowadays, Chinese schools offer to learn foreign language from the first grade. Some kindergartens give lessons of learning foreign languages. English is the compulsory subject and is included into curriculum. At the end of each grade children pass the exam. The system of passing exams is the best system of verification of students’ knowledge in China. As we know, learning foreign languages in China has a long history. People want to know several foreign languages and they went to their aim. We found out that the first schools of learning foreign languages were founded by American and French missionaries. By the word, missionaries’ school revealed the specifics of training the foreign language teachers and translators; educational and methodological support of teaching foreign language (Glossary). English is the international language and every person in the world wants to know it. Chinese are not an exception. They began to learn English because their economy develops very quickly and they want to understand and communicate with foreigners.
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EN
The article provides an overview of the second decade of the 21st century in the field of literary translation in Poland – both in terms of the activity (and visibility) of translators, as well as translation scholars. It recalls the most important events, books, texts, polemics; it reviews translation awards and stakes, outlines diagnoses and future directions.
PL
Artykuł stanowi próbę podsumowania drugiej dekady XXI wieku w dziedzinie przekładu literackiego w Polsce – zarówno jeśli chodzi o aktywność (i widzialność) tłumaczek i tłumaczy, jak i przekładoznawców. Przywołuje najważniejsze wydarzenia, książki, teksty, polemiki; dokonuje przeglądu translatorskich nagród i stawek, nakreśla diagnozy i kierunki.
Libri & Liberi
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2015
|
vol. Vol 4
|
issue 4.2
395-413
HR
U ovome članku cilj je predstaviti postojeće ukrajinske prijevode knjige Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland i njihove autore, obratiti pozornost na neke razloge pojavljivanja ponovnih prijevoda djela Lewisa Carrolla u posljednje vrijeme, pokazati određene aspekte prevoditeljskoga rada svojstvene ukrajinskim prijevodima koji služe, prije svega, kao sredstvo ekvivalentnoga prijenosa stvaralačkih mogućnosti teksta Lewisa Carrolla ukrajinskim čitateljima. Knjiga je sve popularnija u Ukrajini, u posljednjih 10 – 15 godina bila je objavljena četiri puta. Ponovni prijevodi Aličinih pustolovina u Čudozemskoj, iako su svojevrsna reakcija prevoditelja na zahtjeve naručitelja, produžuju komunikacijski lanac književne recepcije koji ponovo prelazi jezične granice i privlači u krug poštovatelja Lewisa Carrolla nove čitatelje, otvarajući im bezgraničnu smislenu perspektivu priče o Alici. Sačuvavši opću ekvivalentnost originalu, svaki prevoditelj pokušavao je primijeniti stvaralački arsenal jezičnih sredstava koja postoje u ukrajinskome jeziku imajući u vidu, kao što je i sâm Lewis Carroll zamislio, različite skupine čitatelja.
EN
The aims of this paper are to introduce existing Ukrainian translations of Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and their respective translators; to discuss some reasons for recent retranslations of Lewis Carroll’s works; and to show some aspects of translators’ work which are characteristic of translations into Ukrainian and which primarily serve as a means of transferring the equivalent of the creative attributes of Lewis Carroll’s text for Ukrainian readers. The book is gaining in popularity in Ukraine and has been published four times in the last 10 to 15 years. Although it may be said that recent retranslations of Alice in Wonderland show the translators’ response to the demands from the publishers, these retranslations also expand the communication chain of literary reception which continues to cross linguistic boundaries, bringing new readers to the circle of Carroll’s admirers and opening up to them the boundless meaningful perspective of the Alice story. Preserving general equivalence to the original, each translator has tried to make use of the creative arsenal of language resources that exist in the Ukrainian language, bearing in mind – much like Lewis Carroll himself – different groups of readers.
DE
Im Beitrag werden zuerst die vorhandenen ukrainischen Übersetzungen des Werkes und deren Autoren vorgestellt, um dann auf die Gründe dafür einzugehen, warum in der Ukraine in der letzten Zeit Carrolls Werke neu aufgelegt werden. In diesem Zusammenhang wird auf bestimmte Aspekte der Übersetzungsarbeit hingewiesen, die den ukrainischen Übersetzungen eigen sind und die vor allem als Mittel der äquivalenten Übertragung der schöpferischen Möglichkeiten des Textes von Lewis Carroll dienen, die speziell auf den ukrainischen Lesern ausgerichtet sind. Carrolls Buch gewinnt in der Ukraine an Popularität, weshalb es auch in den letzten fünfzehn Jahren vier Mal herausgegeben wurde. Obwohl Neuausgaben eine Reaktion der Übersetzer auf bestimmte Forderungen der Auftraggeber darstellen, erweitern diese zugleich die Kommunikationskette der literarischen Rezeption eines Werkes. Sie überwinden immer wieder die Sprachbarrieren und begeistern neue Leser für Carrolls Werk, indem sie ihnen die grenzenlose Sinnperspektive der Geschichte über Alice immer wieder aufs Neue eröffnen. Dabei bemüht sich jeder Übersetzer um die Erhaltung der allgemeinen Äquivalenz seiner Übersetzung, verwendet jedoch das ihm in der ukrainischen Sprache zur Verfügung stehende schöpferische Sprachpotential, um auf diese Weise zugleich − gemäß den Vorstellungen von Carroll − verschiedene Leserschichten zu erreichen.
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