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Życzenie jako gatunek tekstu

100%
Stylistyka
|
2007
|
vol. 16
566-578
PL
Greetings and wishes comprehended as acts of etiąuette expressed at different occa- sions are the subject of the article. The author analyses wishes sent on post cards prepared for various occasions dating to the 20,h and 21st century. The point of reference for such expression are:1. local newspapers and magazines - the published ready wishes,2. electronic mail - electronic versions of cards for different occasions.The common feature of the above is the possibility of joining the graphic and the lan- guage codę as well as the possibility of sending the wishes on a massive scalę.The relationship between text and time is treated as the influence of time on the text of the wishes. The aim of the article is the observation whether the wishes undergo a change with the passing of time, for example in the course of the century, which aspects - styli- stic-language aspect or the universal hierarchy of values - undergo change and finally for which reasons.
EN
The article is devoted to cultural patterns of creating favourable reality by means of magic words and gestures. The analysis of cognitive settings of wishing scenarios is focused on the semantic memory of symbols (referring to a myth and reactivated in the ritual of blessing or expressing good wishes), lexical items (etymological meaning and connotation) and axiology — the principal criterion of selection which explains the use of traditional patterns and modifications of the code. The author explores the semantic core of wishing rituals preserved in stereotypical patterns of cultural memory and examines their linguistic manifestations.
EN
In the article, the author draws the attention to how hearing-impaired persons use the genre of wishes. She notices departures from the canonical form of this genre, as well as deviations on the language level. She concludes that that low level of language skills and insufficient genre competency for proficient communication result from deficiencies in language system and low level of genre awareness in the researched persons. This is related to the methods of national language teaching, which are not suitable for educational needs of the hearing-impaired.
PL
W artykule zwrócono uwagę na sposoby realizacji wzorca gatunkowego życzeń przez osoby z dysfunkcją słuchu. Zaobserwowano odstępstwa od wzorca kanonicznego na poziomie struktury oraz deformacje na płaszczyźnie językowej. Sformułowano wniosek, iż niski poziom sprawności językowej oraz niewystarczająca do sprawnego komunikowania się kompetencja genologiczna wynikają z niedostatecznego opanowania przez badanych systemu językowego oraz niskiej świadomości wyznaczników gatunkowych. Ma to związek z metodami nauczania języka narodowego, nieprzystającymi do potrzeb edukacyjnych osób z zaburzeniami słuchu.
XX
Нона Шандроха - Гродна
PL
W artykule omówiono chrześcijańskie kazanie nie tylko jako typ wypowiedzi publicznej o treści religijno-dydaktycznej, ale przede wszystkim jako tekst oratorski i aktywny retoryczny gatunek wypowiedzi. Zwrócono uwagę na środki retoryczne dialogizacji wypowiedzi w tekście kaznodziejskim.
EN
In this article, the sermon is considered not only as a form of public speech and a text of religious and didactic content but primarily as an active oratorical and rhetorical speech genre. A major focus has been placed on rhetorical means of speech dialogization in the text of a sermon.
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