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From Questioning Notes to Audiovisual Videoconferencing — Reflections on the Evolution of the Model of Hearing a Witness Against the Background of the Solutions Adopted in the Code of Criminal Procedure of 1928 and 1997

100%
Choromańska A.
Internal Security
|
2018
|
vol. Special Issue
107-126
EN
The paper addresses legal solutions concerning the model of witness interviewing. The discussion is of comparative nature, as it refers both to the regulations contained in the Code of Criminal Procedure of 1928, as well as to the provisions of the current criminal procedure. It aims at a synthetic analysis of key changes in the model of interviewing a witness taking into consideration historical factors, as well as their impact on the current shape of the provisions in the Criminal Procedure Regulation. While reviewing legal solutions, the author pays special attention to the process of questioning at a distance supported by devices enabling simultaneous image and sound transmission. This issue is discussed in many aspects, taking into account the views of the doctrine and the analysis of case law. Apart from the assessment of the current legal status in genere, the paper also presents the proposals of solutions in the subject matter.
2

Rules and scope of applying means of witnesses and victims protection and assistance according to the victims and witnesses protection and assistance bill

100%
Żylińska J.
Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego
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2015
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vol. 38
93-102
EN
Combating crime using conventional methods is not always sufficient. Witnesses concerned about their life, health, or other goods do not always want to testify. Therefore, it is very important to ensure the sense of safety and mental comfort while they fulfil the role of a witness. Unfortunately, there are still no comprehensive solutions concerning the means and manner of support which would be regulated within the framework of a legal act aimed at protecting the witness and victim in a situation of risk derived from the provision of testimony charging the offender. Under these circumstances, the fact that on 15th July 2014, at its meeting, the Council of Ministers adopted a draft Act on protection and aid to victims and witnesses whose purpose is to establish comprehensive legal regulations concerning the victims and witnesses whose life and health may be at risk, should be regarded as a positive phenomenon. The subject of this paper is an analysis of the regulations contained in the said Act. The paper focuses on the presentation and evaluation of the means ensuring protection and help which may be applied in the situation of risk to life and health of the witness and the victim. It also discusses the premises and manner for granting the aid as envisaged in the newly drafted act.
3

Special operations with respect to witness protection in the Czech Republic

100%
Dworzecki J.
Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku-Białej
|
2018
|
issue 1
48-54
EN
The paper addresses the issue of special witness protection in the Czech Republic with respect to legal proceedings, organisational and tactical forms of protective actions implemented by the Police and the Prison Service towards persons admitted to protection programmes. The most significant legal acts regulating protective actions and operations adopted under the institution of an anonymous witness, special institution of witness protection and short-term protection have been drawn forward. Actions described in the paper constitute basic instruments of operational, exploratory and investigative work used by the Czech Republic Police in their fight against organised crime. The paper was written within the frame of a research project called “Understanding of Dimensions of Organized Crime and Terrorist Networks for Developing Effective and Efficient Security Solutions for First-line-practitioners and Professionals” (TAKEDOWN, H2020-FCT-2015, No: 700688).
4
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Cyberstalking: public danger, key factors and prevention

86%
Krasnova K., Kobets P.
Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski
|
2018
|
vol. 2
43-53
EN
Cyberstalking has become a new form of crime and deviant behaviour. The authors research the problem of cyberstalking and intimidation via the Internet in details. These concepts are used interchangeably because all forms of stalking are threatening or have the purpose of distressing the victim (victim stress exhaustion). The authors tried to draw attention and show the interconnectcion between the social danger of cyberstalking and the violation of private life boundaries. The consequences of such interference can cause the significant harm to man interests, material harm; threaten the physical and mental health of a person. The authors in this article draw attention to the activities of people who use the Internet to threaten (intimidate) others. The phenomenon of cyberstalking constitutes one of the main aims of the analysis because it includes a rather large area of behavior performance (starting with the expression of threats to the theft of personal data). The main question of this research is simple: what makes an intelligent and law-abiding person in the offline world (outside the Internet), take part in anti-social or criminal activities online? The basic reason is the fact that the combination of technological and social factors encourages people to participate in crime or antisocial acts, such as incitement to violence against other people. The originality of the study is that the authors analyzed the public danger of cyberstalking and the consequences of privacy infringement by the negative impact on a person through the Internet. Authors highlight trends and developments, and give recommendations on how cyberstalking prevention matters can be improved.
5
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Ochrona danych osobowych świadków w sprawach o stwierdzenie nieważności małżeństwa kanonicznego

72%
Poniatowski M.
Ius Matrimoniale
|
2019
|
vol. 30
|
issue 4
81-99
EN
In the article was presented the issue concerning of the protection of witnesses’ personal data in cases regarding the nullity of canonical marriage. First was presented the protection of personal data in the Church. This protection may be regulated by canon law under the autonomy of the Church. This part emphasizes that the protection of personal data in the Church is an obligation and it is not a novelty in the church legal order. Then was presented the issues of recognizing the autonomy and independence of the Church in the field of personal data processing. In this regard, the relationship between the norms of canon law and secular law was indicated. In the article was presented also the protection of personal data of witnesses who are or are not members of the Church. This issue has legal implications for the protection of personal data. The most important conclusions were presented in the end.  
PL
W artykule zostało przedstawione zagadnienie dotyczące ochrony danych osobowych świadków w sprawach o stwierdzenie nieważności małżeństwa kanonicznego. W pierwszej kolejności przedstawiono ochronę danych osobowych w Kościele. Ochrona ta może być regulowana prawnie w ramach autonomii Kościoła. Ochrona danych osobowych w Kościele ma charakter obowiązku i nie stanowi to novum w kościelnym porządku prawnym. W dalszej części artykuł przedstawiono problematykę uznania autonomii i niezależności Kościoła w zakresie przetwarzania danych osobowych. W tym zakresie wskazano na relację norm prawa kanonicznego i prawa świeckiego. Artykuł zawiera również przedstawienie ochrony danych osobowych świadków mając na uwadze to czy są oni członkami Kościoła czy też nie. Kwestia ta ma odpowiednie skutki prawne w zakresie ochrony danych osobowych. Najważniejsze wnioski przedstawiono w zakończeniu.
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