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Collectanea Theologica
|
2016
|
vol. 86
|
issue 4
139-171
EN
Like the rest of the prophetic books of the Bible, the Book of Hosea enjoyedmuch popularity and appreciation among the members of the Qumrancommunity. This fact is attested by three Biblical manuscripts of the book(4Q78-79, 4Q82), various quotations in “The Damascus Document”: CD1:13-14 (= Hos 4:16), CD 4:19 (= Hos 5:11), CD 8:3; 19:5-6 and par. 4Q266 (=Hos 5:10), CD 20:16 (= Hos 3:4), in the “Isaiah Pesher” (4Q163 frag. 23, col. 10, line 14 = Hos 6:9), in “The Midrash on the Last Days” (4Q177 col. 10, lines 13-14 = Hos 5:8), in the document “Bless, oh my soul, the Lord” (4Q434 frag. 7b, lines 2-3 = Hos 2:20) and, most of all, “Pesher Hosea” that remained in two scrolls (4Q166-167). It should be noted that quoting the book of Hosea with the introductory formula: “of which it is written” (CD 1:13) or “as it is said” (CD 19:15; 20:16) proves that this work, as in the case of the other biblical books, was considered to be an authoritative writing at Qumran. It is also worth pointing out that in most cases the quotations from the Book of Hosea were aptly and neatly chosen with a special regard to their original contexts (descriptions of and references to the Syro-Ephraimite War) – in the Qumran writings they are used to present the idea of the conflict between the community and its opponents. Discovering two manuscripts of “Pesher Hosea” (4Q166-167) in the Judean Desert at the Dead Sea testifies to the fact that the Biblical Book of Hosea was carefully studied by the community members and that its text served as a source of the commentary which not only mentions and alludes to historical events, but shows the eschatological aspect as well. Unfortunately, due to the miserable condition of both of the extant pesher manuscripts, drawing any final conclusions appears to be rather impeded, sometimes even impossible.
EN
The article discusses the issue of emotional adjustment in the Community, using the achievements of contemporary psychology in the process of interpreting selected Qumran texts to  provide a deep insight into the psyche and spirituality of the Qumran community and into the psychosocial mechanisms that functioned within it, ensuring its cohesion, persistence and identity. Firstly, the study depicts the origins of the negative tensions that emerged from the spirituality of the Community, describing them and their consequences (habituation, mental exhaustion and their derivatives) to the Qumranites and their whole community. Taking as an assumption the conviction that the Community’s congregations were the solution intended to prevent those consequences, the article describes their distinctive features and interprets them, paying special attention to their function of providing spiritual rest to the members of the Qumran community.
PL
Autor artykułu, wykorzystując w procesie interpretacji wybranych tekstów qumrańskich osiągnięcia współczesnej psychologii, podejmuje problematykę regulacji emocji w Zrzeszeniu, dając tym samym głęboki wgląd w duchowość omawianej wspólnoty, jak również w mechanizmy psychospołeczne funkcjonujące w niej i zapewniające jej spójność, trwanie i tożsamość. Przedstawia w pierwszej kolejności genezę negatywnych napięć wypływających z duchowości Zrzeszenia, jak również ich charakterystykę oraz konsekwencje (habituacja, zmęczenie psychiczne i ich pochodne), jakie groziły zarówno poszczególnym qumrańczykom, jak i całej ich wspólnocie. Bazując zaś na przekonaniu o zgromadzeniach Zrzeszenia jako rozwiązaniu mającym na celu zapobiegnięcie tymże konsekwencjom, charakteryzuje ich cechy szczególne, które ostatecznie interpretuje pod kątem ich funkcji zapewniania odpoczynku duchowego członkom wspólnoty.
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