Search results

1

Rola laikatu w procesie udzielania autokefalii

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Borkowski A.

Latopisy Akademii Supraskiej

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2018

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vol. Rola laikatu w życiu Cerkwi

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issue 9

18-29

EN

The fundamental principle of the system of the Orthodox Church is the equality of the laity and the clergy who belong to the mystical body of Christ. The clergy and laity are invariably participating in the deaconia of the Church, in varying degrees and ministry, yet they are always equally among themselves brothers in the universal priesthood. According to this triple dignity, laymen participate in the following spheres of church life: ritual, teaching, administrative and legislative. One of the main conditions for autocephaly is the will of the laity. This fact should precede the process itself, by which we mean a clear declaration of the will of the laity, that is, the faithful of a local church striving to achieve autocephaly. In almost all resolutions of the Ecumenical Patriarchate from the 19th-20th about autocephaly of a particular church periphery there is clearly underlined the fact that the faithful have asked for it. There is no doubt that the term “believers” is understood to mean the same clergy and monks, as well as the laity. One-sided operation of one of the mentioned groups does not fulfill the above condition. In spite of this, the form of fulfillment of this condition can not be precisely defined, because it is strictly dependent on the political or other situation prevailing in a given place.

2

Edycje i struktura "Ogrodu, ale nie plewionego" Wacława Potockiego

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Borkowski A.

Prace Literackie

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2010

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vol. 50

15-25

EN

The article examines complicated philological issues in a collection of epigrams written by Wacław Potocki, a baroque poet. The analysis refers mainly to editorial problems and the structure of the set. The author uses fundamental works of the publishers of the volume, Aleksander Brückner and Leszek Kukulski, trying at the same time to look critically at some of the editorial decisions. It is important to remember that the latest edition does not include all poems or their fragments which were published in 1907. Some of the texts were included in fragments only, and in order to study them one has to refer to the pre-war edition. Research has demonstrated that the structure of A Garden is unique and signifi cantlydifferent from that of typical works of this kind.

3

Dobro wspólne przesłanką współdziałania podmiotów publicznych i prywatnych w obszarze gospodarki komunalnej

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Borkowski A.

Przegląd Prawa i Administracji

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2014

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vol. 98. Współdziałanie podmiotów publicznych i prywatnych w sferze gospodarki komunalnej

13 - 23

EN

This study addresses legal issues concerning cooperation between local governmental authorities and private entrepreneurs in the field of fulfilling public tasks. Current regulations allow for transferring (by way of cooperation) certain municipal services tasks to external entities. The legal framework for the transfer is acivil law contract. The contracting parties are: alocal governmental body, being the entity responsible for and obligated to perform municipal services tasks, and a private entrepreneur conducting its business activity within the economic freedoms resulting from the constitutional principle of the free economic activity. Cooperation between public and private entities is an expression of atrend to optimise the provision of municipal services. The state, which is the guarantor of the proper fulfilment of public needs, is obligated to secure continuous supervision of the effects of privatising public tasks. The major factor in assessing the proper fulfilment of public needs is acategory of public welfare as an element of the common interest. At the same time the narrowly defined common interest constitutes afoundation for the arrangements that govern the performance of public tasks of local authorities together with private entrepreneurs, in accordance with the principles of mutual benefits and efficiency.

4

Cele edukacyjne i wychowawcze nauczania religii prawosławnej w szkołach w latach 1918–1932

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Borkowski A.

Latopisy Akademii Supraskiej

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2020

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vol. Dzieci w kulturze duchowej Prawosławia

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issue 11

89-104

EN

The general goal of teaching the Orthodox religion in schools after Poland gained independence in 1918 was to consolidate religious truths and deepen moral principles among children, so that in their later life they could work on deepening the truths of faith and take an active part in the life of the Church. A catechist should be not only a lecturer, but above all an example of the principles of Christian morality, be able to teach students at least the elementary basics of contemporary threats, point out differences with other faiths, and at the same time become a lecturer, apologist and missionary. In the process of teaching and upbringing, attention was paid to knowledge and attitudes that influenced the observance of the principles of faith. When teaching the Orthodox religion, the teacher always remembered the three most important goals: mind education, emotional education, and moralpractical education. The above hierarchy of values made it possible to further deepen the children’s religious knowledge, faith and lively and conscious participation in the services. The formulated goals of teaching the Orthodox religion in schools until 1932 reflected the spirit of the times and changes taking place in the Orthodox Church and the State.

5

Proces sądowy protosyngla i egzarchy patriarszego arcydiakona Nicefora Paraschesa Kantakuzena

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Borkowski A.

Latopisy Akademii Supraskiej

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2011

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vol. Kościół prawosławny na Bałkanach i w Polsce – wzajemne relacje oraz wspólna tradycja

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issue 2

35-54

EN

Nikephoros was born around 1537 in Trikala in Thesalia. After the monastic tonsure in 1557, he went to study in the famous university of Padua. In 1572 he was nominated patriarch’s Exarch in Venice, though still remaining the administrator of patriarch Jeremiah. He arrived in Constantinople around 1580 at the time of return to the patriarchal throne of Jeremiah II Tranos. Jeremiah had an excellent knowledge of the level of the church life and of problems of the Slavs. Multilateral action against the efforts of Vatican to impose the new church calendar on the orthodox inhabitants of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was an excellent means to tighten the bonds with the distant province of the patriarchal throne. Jeremiah sent for the first time protosyncel Nikephoros, archimandrite Dionisios and their translator Theodore in order to obviate the problem and deliver patriarch’s letters addressed to the hierarchs as well as the orthodox faithful in the Commonwealth. In a decree of the Misonos synod in Constantinople of 1592 the patriarchs of the East expressed the necessity of sending to the Commonwealth the ecumenical patriarch’s exarch. Based on the common decision of the patriarch Jeremiah of Constantinople, Meletios of Alexandria and the representatives of Antiochia and Jerusalem the protosyncel Nikephoros was appointed for this post. He was assigned the first in the Church hierarchy, the eldest among the teachers and the protosyncel of the ecumenical throne with all the rights to intervene in the affaires of the diocese belonging to the 51patriarchate of Constantinople. He was also given the right to supervise, summon church trials and counsel in the matters of faith as well as in other church affaires. In 1595 Nikephoros set off for the Commonwealth, but was arrested and imprisoned while crossing the border. He managed to escape after 6 months. Then he strived to fortify and defend the faith, to propagate education. Moreover he was a lecturer at the Ostrog Academy, he dealt with the apostasy among the hierarchy. His activity made him many enemies, therefore Nikephoros was falsely accused of spying for the Turkish/Osman Empire, entering the Commonwealth against the king’s ban, usurping the role of the representative of the patriarch of Constantinople. During the law suit he was also accused of participating in the anti-union synod in Brest. Several prosecutors withdrew their accusations, even the judges were not sure that Nikephoros was guilty, therefore king Sigismund II Vasa could not give the court’s ruling and delayed it till more satisfying evidence would be gathered. In the meantime Nikephoros was kept in the stronghold in Malbork. Though Nikephoros was never proven guilty and despite numerous interventions of patriarch of Constantinople, of patriarch Meletios of Alexandria and of prince Constantine Ostrogsky as well as of many others, the patriarch’s Exarch for Commonwealth died in prison of hunger. He died like a martyr for having fought for orthodoxy against the powerful of the Commonwealth wanting to introduce the Church union.

6

Barokowi pamiętnikarze wobec „polskiego kodu kulturowego” — od krytyki do afirmacji (rekonesans)

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Borkowski A.

Prace Literackie

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2018

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vol. 58

9-18

EN

The main purpose of the research is to recognize and interpret Old Polish diarists’ reflections on language and local culture in a wider cultural perspective. Literary works by J.Ch. Pasek, J. Sobieski and some foreign authors who visited the Republic of Poland have been analyzed. Two questions seem to be particularly interesting in the context of this theme: what features of local culture distinguished the Poles from people in other countries and regions in Europe in the 17th century and how these differences affected the contacts with the environment and the self-esteem of the protagonists in each work. In view of the author’s own and other people’s opinions, a multiple image of the “Polish cultural code” has been revealed, whose elements were maintained in Polish customs and mentality for a long time.

7

Wysłannicy patriarchy konstantynopolitańskiego na soborach w Rzeczypospolitej w XVI wieku

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Borkowski A.

Latopisy Akademii Supraskiej

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2014

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vol. Synody Cerkwi Prawosławnej w I Rzeczypospolitej

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issue 5

103-120

EN

The offer of the deputies of the patriarch of Constantinople in the orthodoxies synods in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is very important. The ecumenical patriarchs sent or appoint to the Kingdom of Poland in the 16th century yours messengers: Abrahamios, hieromonk Philipos, archbishop of Galata, bishop of Litea and Rendina Damascen, archimandrite Dionisios Rallis Palaiologos, archdeacon Nikiforos Parashis, patriarch’s translator Theodor, patriarch of Antioch Joachim V, archbishop of Domenik and Elasson Arsenios, metropolitan of Dyrrachium Paisios, bishop of Moglen Theofanes, bishop of Luck Cyril Terlecki, metropolitan of Kiev Michal, archbishop of Cyprus Laurentios, archimandrite Cyrillos Lucaris, prince Constantine Ostrogsky, bishop of Lvov Gedeon, archdeacon Cyprian, hieromonk Sofronios, hierodeacon Isaac, monk Ivan Vishensky. The patriarch of Constantinople Jeremiah II appointed a new metropolitan, took care function of the local Synod. The metropolitan Elassonos Arsenios worked as teacher in Lvov and published Grammar of the Greek language. The Church Union was officially declared at the Synod of Brest (1596) and the Polish authorities resorted to violent means in order to apply it hit against the Orthodoxy was the pass of all the bishops of the Orthodox Church in Poland excluding both of them into the union. Protagonist in the faith against the union was the patriarch of Alexandria Meletios Pigas and of course locally through a bitter correspondence. Nikiforos Parashis and Cyrillos Lucaris achieved to organize the antyunion Synod of Brest (1596) which condemned the bishops in union. After the Synod of Brest (1596) in different ways the patriarch’s exarches together with the Orthodox brotherhoods took over the role in saving the Orthodoxy. Through their participations in the Polish fight the patriarch’s exarches couldn’t erase the image of the union, but without doubt created and supported the strength for fight against the union keeping unquenched the flame of the Orthodoxy especially in the metropolis of Kiev.

8

Reforma kalendarza liturgicznego i jej recepcja w Kościele prawosławnym w Polsce

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Borkowski A.

Latopisy Akademii Supraskiej

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2013

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vol. Kalendarz w życiu Cerkwi i wspólnoty

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issue 4

77-89

EN

Wisdom and discernment of ecumenical patriarch Jeremiah II Tranos has helped to safeguard the Orthodox Church and the faith against foreign influence of the non-Orthodox who have pursued solely to ensure their benefits. Orthodox believers in Polish Republic have obediently followed his orders consistently rejecting any novelties and aberrations of the Latin Church who has not accepted a method of dialogue preferring to use calendar reform as a measure to apply papal propaganda. Initial failure of the Roma has not restrained its policy on Orthodoxy. Active and uncompromising proselyte activity of Jesuit order has repeatedly led to tensions and fights between faithful of both Churches. Initial trial to impose the new calendar has turned into battlefield of pressure and persecution. In such a particularly critical period in history ecumenical patriarch Jeremiah II Tranos has himself rushed to the aid of Kiev Metropolis located within boundaries of the Polish Republic. Orthodox Church in Poland continued to use the traditional Julian calendar and adopted the Gregorian reform after a time on 12 April 1924, for the sake of convenience in international trade. Orthodox people of the Polish Republic have protested against the new calendar treating it as one of the main reasons of their struggle

9

Sytuacja Patriarchatu ekumenicznego w obliczu przemian politycznych na Bałkanach i Azji Mniejszej na początku XX wieku

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Borkowski A.

Latopisy Akademii Supraskiej

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2015

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vol. Cerkiew w drodze

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issue 6

109-114

EN

From the point of view of the substantive history of the Christian Church the most significant development in the life of the Ecumenical Patriarchate in the period following the Asia Minor Catastrophe and the expulsion of the largest number of its Orthodox flock from Turkey was the development of a model of a non-national Church in its jurisdiction: the communities dependent on it in Turkey and the diaspora were held together by a common faith and by the shared consciousness of belonging to the Orthodox tradition, not by national loyalties as it has been as a rule the case in the national Orthodox Churches, whose attitudes and behaviour have contributed to the unfortunate and spiritually indefensible identification of Orthodoxy with nationalism.

10

W kręgu literatury antyżydowskiej w dawnej Polsce – „Prognosticon, albo zalecenie cielęcia smrodliwego [...]”

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Borkowski A.

Pamiętnik Literacki

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2013

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vol. 104

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issue 3

195-205

EN

The object of this study is the text that can be placed in a wide range of polemical libelous literature. The article raises the problem of social and political relations in the Poland of the first half of 17th century. The aim of the study is to show the rhetorical and generic contexts of this type of literature, in particular the features of language, persuasive measures, and finally the genre determinants of these statements. This text also reveals a certain way of thinking of at least some Christians about the Jewish population at that time. Starting from the title, through the communication in the text and at last its erudite dimension, the reader has the impression that the whole text has some features of a scholarly treatise or that it is an opinion of a significant group of intellectuals (academics, Christian/Christianity scholars) on religion and the way of living of this social class. Prognosticon [...] is filled with many insults, written, inter alia, in German. It underlines the strangeness of Jewish customs, and also indicates a number of imaginary threats that were magnified for political purposes. Prognosticon [...] raises the question about the limits of freedom of public discourse.

11

Pomoc publiczna jako funkcja państwa wobec społecznej gospodarki rynkowej

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Borkowski A.

Przegląd Prawa i Administracji

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2015

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vol. 103

13-24

EN

The paper analyses the role of the state in the market economy, with particular focus on the state’s constitutional obligations to support the economy, as apart of exercising the broadly defined economic freedom. In the context of the prohibition resulting from Article 107 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, which includes the prohibition of any financial support to entrepreneurs that may constitute public aid, the paper aims to present those categories of aid that are provided by the state not only in performance of its basic functions, but which also support the fulfilment of the purposes of the Community. The support category includes in particular aid granted to assist the development of regions with particularly low life quality or with significant unemployment. It also applies to aid for the purpose of supporting important projects that are in the common European interest.

12

Pius Vates

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Borkowski A.

Tematy i Konteksty

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2020

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issue 1

63-73

EN

The question dealt with in the paper is as follows: to what extent might the notion of “religious literature” be functional if applied both to the early modernliterature and the contemporary literary culture? Does it mean “sacred literature,” simply opposed to the “secular” one, whatever it might mean? The author’s suggestion is to use the notion of “religious literature” more consistently, depending strictly on the liturgical functions of the text (e.g. of prayers, hymns or homilies), while the term “sacred literature” should be used only with reference to the so-called “Sacred Books,” i.e. the Revelation recognized in a given religious system. The sense of the terms “pious literature” or “pious poet,” however, should be much broader, going beyond the limitations of religious functions of the text and reflecting a quasi-prophetic intellectual and moral status of the writer.

13

Struktura prawna nadzoru nad regulowaną działalnością gospodarczą

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Borkowski A.

Przegląd Prawa i Administracji

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2018

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vol. 114

447-460

EN

This work contemplates the special legal character of supervision, which is as an expression of the rationing role of the state in relation to the regulated business activities. The supervision carried out by an administrative body which operates a register of regulated business activity is exercised over an entrepreneur who performs such regulated activity. The supervision is therefore of an on-going character. Any decision prohibiting the entrepreneur from performing regulated business activity should be a consequence of making an assessment that performance of such activity will breach the norms of the material law. The supervisory role is therefore particularly connected with verifying the legality of operating a business. The legal capacity to perform supervision vested with the registry bodies serves to fulfi l the purpose of supervision. That purpose is to ensure the entrepreneurs will observe legal requirements for performing a particular regulated business activity. However, that purpose is not to ration the business activity in a typical manner, in particular through creatively doling out permits for performing specific activities, and therefore its purpose is not to decide how many entities may operate on the market in a given sector.

14

Patriarcha aleksandryjski Melecjusz Pigas i Rzeczypospolita

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Borkowski A.

Latopisy Akademii Supraskiej

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2010

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vol. Prawosławni w dziejach Rzeczypospolitej

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issue 1

65-72

15

O WYOBRAŹNI POETYCKIEJ I PROBLEMACH TŁUMACZEŃ NA JĘZYK POLSKI WIERSZY EMMY ANDIJEWSKIEJ

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Borkowski A.

Studia Ukrainica Posnaniensia

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2017

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vol. 5

215-221

EN

The article deals with the issues of a poetic imagination, interpretation and translation, which poetry by Emma Andijewska puts before the researchers. The complex metaphors in the poems by a Ukrainian author point out a specific fiction technique of the language, creating the effect of an unusual sensuality of her poetic microcosm. The researches prove, that the poetry by Emma Andijewska reveals the rich existential registers, describing the issues of senility, vanishing and suffering.

UK

Cтаття присвячена проблемі поетичної уяви, питанням інтерпретації та перекладу, що постають перед дослідниками поезії Емми Андієвської. Складна метафорика віршів української поетки вказує на особливу художню техніку володіння мовою, що створює ефект незвичайної чутливості поетичного мікрокосмосу авторки. Дослідження доводять, що поезія Е. Андієвської розкриває екзистенційні реєстри, описуючи проблеми старості, старіння і страждання.

16

Konterfekt polsko-litewskich zbliżeń w poezji Wacława Potockiego (Ogród nie plewiony, Moralia)

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Borkowski A.

Tematy i Konteksty

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2019

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vol. 14

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issue 9

235-245

EN

The paper deals with less well-known poetry of Wacław Potocki, which concerns Polish and Lithuanian relations. The poems show the multicoloured picture of social and political tensions between the Lithuanians and the Poles. A satiric tone and the moral high ground prevail in Potocki’s poems. Stable relations between Poland and Lithuania are perceived by the writer as the key factor for safety and development of the common country. The writings sometimes present a critical attitude of the poet towards the separatist tendency of Lithuania, and they also reveal the poet’s pride in belonging to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

17

Obrót nieruchomościami w Unii Europejskiej wobec swobody przepływu kapitału

100%

Borkowski A.

Prawo

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2017

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issue 323

185-197

EN

The subject matter of this article is to selectively discuss the basic factors affecting the freedom of real property trade within the common market of the European Union. The guaranties securing thefreedom to acquire by union foreigners real property in the member states follow directly from the provisions of TFEU. The set of treaty regulations relating to internal market freedoms holds a key role in the process of realising the fundamental purposes of the European Union. The free movement of capital has profound meaning for the realisation of all the treaty freedoms. Deviations from the rule, which allow for limiting the freedom and which result from the will of the member states, are acceptable within the legal system of the European Union only in exceptional circumstances provided by that law. There are two groups of conditions required for alawful deviation from the rule of the free movement of capital. The first group covers the considerations resulting directly from the Treaty. The second includes the circumstances deemed lawful pursuant to the formula of imperative requirements of the public interest.

18

Ekumenizm a realizacja misyjnego posłannictwa Kościoła w kontekście dokumentów Wszechprawosławnego Synodu na Krecie

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Borkowski A.

ELPIS

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2019

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issue 21

93-97

EN

Resolutions of The Holy and Great Council of the Orthodox Church lay the foundations for ecumenical dialogue, emphasizing the need for dialogue primarily because of proclaiming the “Orthodox testimony” to other Christian Churches and denominations. The position of the Orthodox Church was developed regarding the principles and forms of participation in theological dialogues and in the ecumenical movement, and new resolutions were adopted confirming the all-Orthodox position. Dialogue in the Orthodox Church has always been and remains an essential and inalienable element of its soteriological mission. He has a glorious purpose for the return of those repentant to his bosom, as well as pastoral responsibility, because it unwaveringly confesses and proclaims that in its self-awareness the Orthodox Church is the authoritative continuation of the One, Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church and the ark of salvation for those nearby and those from afar.

PL

Uchwały Wszechprawosławnego Synodu kładą podwaliny pod dialog ekumeniczny, podkreślając potrzebę dialogu przede wszystkim ze względu na głoszenie światu „prawosławnego świadectwa” wśród innych Kościołów chrześcijańskich i wyznań. Wypracowano stanowisko Kościoła prawosławnego odnośnie zasad i form uczestnictwa w dialogach teologicznych i w ruchu ekumenicznym oraz przyjęto nowe uchwały, potwierdzające wszechprawosławne stanowisko. Dialog w Kościele prawosławnym zawsze był i pozostaje istotnym i niezbywalnym elementem jego misji soteriologicznej. Przyświeca Jemu chwalebny cel powrotu skruszonych na Jego łono, jak również duszpasterskiej odpowiedzialności, gdyż niezachwianie wyznaje i głosi iż w swej samoświadomości Kościół prawosławny stanowi miarodajną kontynuacje Jednego, Świętego, Powszechnego i Apostolskiego Kościoła oraz arkę zbawienia dla tych w pobliżu i tych z oddala.

19

Początki cenobii na Górze Poczajowskiej i pierwsze donacje na rzecz monasteru

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Borkowski A.

ELPIS

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2014

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vol. 16

173-181

PL

Góra poczajowska zasłynęła na Rusi po cudownym objawieniu się tam Matki Bożej. Przypuszczalnie, już w 1240 r. uciekający przed hordami tatarskimi mnisi z Kijowa znaleźli schronienie w pobliskich pieczarach. W 1559 r. właścicielka tych ziem Anna Hojska ufundowała dla żyjących w pieczarach mnichów monaster prawosławny oraz przekazała cudowną ikonę Matki Bożej. Najwybitniejszym ihumenem monasteru poczajowskiego był św. Hiob Zalizo. Po raz pierwszy został wybrany wyłącznie przez mnichów na nowego przełożonego monasteru, czwartego od czasu wprowadzenia w monasterze reguły cenobitycznej. Drugimi wybitnymi fundatorami monasteru poczajowskiego stali się małżonkowie Domaszewscy. Swymi wysiłkami włożonymi w wzniesienie kamiennej cerkwi, znacznymi nadaniami pieniężnymi i ziemskimi przeznaczonymi na jej upiększenie i utrzymanie samego monasteru, pragnęli wynagrodzić straty i zniszczenia naniesione przez możnowładcę Firleja oraz powstanie kozackie, i tym samym nie dopuścić do całkowitego upadku i ustania życia monastycznego na Górze Poczajowskiej. Z tego względu ich imiona zostały tak mocno podkreślone w dziejach głównego ośrodka duchowego na Wołyniu.

EN

Mount Pochayiv became famous in Russia after the miraculous apparition of the Mother of God, which took place there. Presumably, already in 1240, monks from Kiev found refuge in nearby caves when fleeing the Tartar hordes. In 1559, the owner of these lands Anna Hojska provided funds for building an Orthodox monastery for the monks living in the caves and gave them a miraculous icon of the Mother of God. The most prominent abbot of the Pochayiv monastery was Job Zalizo. He was first elected exclusively by the monks as the new superior of the monastery, the fourth superior since the cenobitic rule was introduced in the monastery. The second prominent founder of the Pochayiv monastery were the Domaszewska family. Their efforts in the construction of the stone church, financial, land support and earth intended for the beautification and maintenance of the monastery, was to compensate for losses and damages applied by the magnate Firlej and the Cossack uprising. They wanted to prevent the total collapse and cessation of monastic life on Mount Pochayiv. For this reason, their names are so strongly emphasized in the history of the main spiritual center of Volyn.

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Sztuka modlitwy w doświadczeniu filokalistycznym Emiliana (Vafeidisa) Simonopetrity

100%

Borkowski A., p., Ławreszuk M., Kostiuczuk J., Ignatiuk K., p., Ławreszuk M., Ignatiuk K.

ELPIS

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2017

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issue 19

PL

Starzec Emilian określa modlitwę charyzmą, niebiańskim radosnym spotkaniem i komunią Boga z człowiekiem. Sztuka modlitwy w doświadczeniu filokalistycznym starca jest uzależniona od stanu naszego umysłu, który powinien być czysty, pozbawiony wszelkiej obcej treści w oczekiwaniu przyjścia Boga. Prawdziwa modlitwa odrzuca wszelki smutek i małoduszność, zaś ramki prawa w których może zaistnieć są określane przez pokój, ciszę, spokój ducha, absolutne wyciszenie i milczenie. W rzeczywistości modlitwa nie jest czymś, co czyni sam człowiek, jedynie to rozpoczyna, tego pragnie, ale wypełnia ją Duch Święty. Modlitwa jestnaszą powszednią powinnością życiową. O sukcesie podczas modlitwy możemy mówić wówczas, gdy stanie się naszym miejscem schronienia. W swym nauczaniu starzec rozróżnia czynniki wewnętrzne i zewnętrzne, które mają wpływ na modlitwę. Do pierwszych zalicza stan naszego ducha i jego związek z Bogiem, zaś modlitwę określa mianem homilii umysłu, oddechem ducha, pokłonem oddawanym Bogu. Do drugich zalicza wiedzę o różnych sposobach modlitwy, niezbędną do mistycznego natchnienia przez Ducha Świętego. Takimi są uczestnictwo w liturgii Bożej, modlitwa nieustanna, jezusowa i własna, reguła modlitewna, rozważania w skupieniui wyciszeniu. Modlitwa nie izoluje się sama w sobie, ale pozostaje w ścisłym związku z uczestnictwem w nabożeństwach, dziękczynieniem, czuwaniem, w celu pokonania cielesnych namiętności. Starzec przestrzega przy tym, aby modlitwa nie stała się powodem odizolowania, ponieważ wówczas stanie się kłamliwą i nieszczerą. Modlitwa nie jest pracą umysłową która męczy, ale jest pełnią dynamizmu nakierowanego na Boga.

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Rola laikatu w procesie udzielania autokefalii

Edycje i struktura "Ogrodu, ale nie plewionego" Wacława Potockiego

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