Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 10

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Zmiany zaangażowania Komitetu Warszawskiego PZPR w sprawy gospodarki i przemysłu w latach 1950–1975

100%
Tymiński M.
Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych
|
2019
|
vol. 80
PL
W artykule przeprowadzono analizę ilościową zaangażowania aparatu Komitetu Warszawskiego PZPR w gospodarkę (ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem przemysłu) w latach 1950–1975. Po przedstawieniu materiału źródłowego i jego krytyki autor prezentuje zmiany poziomu aktywności KW określane poprzez liczbę spraw dyskutowanych podczas posiedzeń egzekutywy (rocznie), by następnie dokonać analogicznej analizy w odniesieniu do spraw gospodarczych i przemysłowych. W konkluzjach zostały wskazane podstawowe tendencje zaobserwowane w badanym okresie – ogólna tendencja spadkowa aktywności aparatu warszawskiego PZPR, momenty stanowiące punkty zwrotne w jego aktywności (przede wszystkim rok 1956) oraz gwałtowny wzrost zaangażowania KW w sprawy gospodarcze po dojściu do władzy Edwarda Gierka.
EN
The article focuses on quantitative analysis of the involvement of the Warsaw Committee of the Polish United Workers’ Party in economic matters (with particular emphasis on industry) in the years 1950–1975. After introducing and commenting on source material, the author discusses changes in the Committee’s general level of activity estimated on the basis of the number of items discussed during executive meetings (annually) and uses the same method in evaluating the activity concerning economic and industrial matters. The conclusions indicate basic trends which could be observed in the period in question – the overall decrease in the level of activity of the Warsaw Committee’s apparatus, watershed moments in its operation (primarily the year 1956) and a sudden surge in its involvement in economic matters after Edward Gierek’s rise to power.
2
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Centralnie planowana „ucieczka z peryferii”. Wzrost gospodarczy Polski na tle Hiszpanii w latach 1950–1975

100%
Tymiński M.
Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych
|
2012
|
vol. 72
EN
The Centrally Planned “Escape from the Peripheries”. A Comparison of the Economic Growth of Poland and Spain in the years 1950–1975(Summary)This aim of this article is to verify the opinion that by the mid-1970s the economic system of the People’s Republic of Poland (and other Central European countries) proved to be an effective tool for building economic growth. In order to do so the author carried out an analysis of both Poland and Spain’s economic growth in the period 1950–1975 in terms of the effectiveness of the modernisation policies. Comparing the GDP and levels of economic growth per capita made it possible to shows the divergence between the Polish and Spanish economies in the said period and the much faster development of the Iberian economy. This tendency applies not only to Poland and Spain but also entire regions in east-central and southern Europe. The author claims that a possible reason for the ineffectiveness of the solutions adopted in Poland and other communist countries lies in the institutional transformations occurring from the mid-1950s in countries in the USSR and the resultant emergence of the so-called mature version of the Soviet economy.
3
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Dyrektorzy przedsiębiorstw i aparat partyjny. Przypadek Warszawy w latach 1949–1955

100%
Tymiński M.
Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość
|
2008
|
issue 2(13)
141-156
EN
In communist Poland enterprises, along with the entire economy, were subordinates to the state administration, thus their managers to a large decree became civil servants. Yet the economy was also of interest to the party and its apparatus, which in its capacity as state-party supervised the activities of factories and its managers and through the nomenklatura system, had a decisive infl uence over staffing of management posts in enterprises. In this article the author, basing on materials from the archives of the Warsaw Committee of the PUWP, examines the relations between the party apparatus and enterprise managers in the fi rst half of the 1950s. On one hand analyzing the dependence of managers on PZPR functionaries, and on the other examining the level of autonomy managers actually had and whether they exploited the party apparatus to further their own goals. Maciej Tymiński discusses in turn the formal status of enterprise managers and the principles of party supervision of enterprises. Then he addresses the actual relations between party functionaries and enterprise managers – control on the part of the apparatus, functioning of the nomenklatura system, as well as methods employed by managers to manipulate party functionaries and taking advantage of their connections. In the next part, he analyses methods employed by enterprise managers in order to gain greater autonomy within their jobs. The author concludes that while party functionaries had substantial influence on the situation of enterprise managers already in the early 1950s there arose informal mechanisms allowing greater freedoms to managers. After 1956 these became the basis for building trade or local interest groups, which in the 1970s took control of segments the local authorities.
4
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Ucieczka od zacofania? Polska transformacja jako projekt modernizacyjny

63%
Tymiński M., Koryś P.
Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych
|
2015
|
vol. 75
EN
An escape from backwardness? The Polish transformation as a modernization project (Summary)The authors discuss the late professor Jacek Kochanowicz’s views on Poland’s backwardness and its modernization in the period of the country’s transformation after 1989. The main purpose of the article is to reconstruct Kochanowicz’s interpretation of the process of the systemic transformation, understood as a modernization project. In the paper the authors begin by presenting Kochanowicz’s opinions on the causes of Poland’s backwardness, especially those originating in Polish history. The discussion of the way Kochanowicz saw the causes of Poland’s backwardness is followed by the exposition of the way in which he interpreted the process of Poland’s transformation. In conclusion, the authors attempt to outline Kochanowicz’s view of Poland’s development in the following decades, stressing his skepticism as to the country’s chances of a rapid and successful modernization.
5
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Struktura zawodowa ziem polskich na przełomie XIX i XX w.

63%
Koryś P., Tymiński M.
Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych
|
2015
|
vol. 75
PL
Occupational structure of the Polish lands at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries (Summary)The authors present a new picture of the occupational structure of the Polish lands at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The article is based on the population censuses, carried out in Russia in 1897 and in Austria in 1900, as well as on the German economic census, conducted in 1895. In order to obtain reliable results, the authors have corrected errors found in the censuses in question. With the removal of the errors, they have been able to reconstruct the employment structures from which we can derive a more precise picture of the economic situation of the Polish lands at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The examination of the problem in question has made it possible for the authors to verify the long held view that the technological revolution in Polish lands took place at the turn of the 70s and 80s of the nineteenth century. The corrected census data show that the level of industrialization of the Polish lands in about 1900 was still very limited.
6
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Od socjalizmu do socjalizmu. Koncepcje reform gospodarczych w PRL po wybuchach społecznych w 1956 i 1980 r.

63%
Koryś P., Tymiński M.
Dzieje Najnowsze
|
2016
|
vol. 48
|
issue 4
PL
In the course of several decades the People’s Republic of Poland witnessed a number of attempts at reforming the economic system and undertaken, as a rule, upon the occasions of grave political crises and social revolts. Part of those reform programmes was created by milieus independent of the authorities or at the very least engaged in efforts to preserve the greatest possible autonomy. The presented text analyses reform programmes proposed after the revolt of 1956 and at the time of the first Solidarity movement (1980–1981). While analysing the texts of the planned economic solutions the authors demonstrated that the changes recommended by circles not connected with the communist authorities (or, as in 1956, endeavouring to preserve a certain degree of independence) did not exceed far beyond the range of a widely comprehended socialist economy. The authors of the reforms in question did not aim at constructing a new economic system, but rather tried to introduce solutions referring to the conception of market socialism.
7
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Rozwój regionalny w warunkach centralnego planowania. Przypadek Polski w latach 1960–1973

63%
Koryś P., Tymiński M.
Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych
|
2023
|
vol. 84
231-263
EN
The article focuses on the impact of investment policy on regional convergence in Poland between 1960 and 1973. On the basis of official statistics on the regional net, gross material product, and occupational structure (material/non-material sector), the author reconstructs the level of GDP for individual Polish regions. The analysis revealed a lack of regional convergence of both sigma and beta types. As a result, the study confirmed that the spatial allocation of investment in Poland during the rule of the Gomułka and Gierek governments was not conducive to the convergence policy, and – due to other characteristics of the centrally planned economy – the spontaneously emerging polarised development model also proved ineffective.
PL
Artykuł koncentruje się na wpływie polityki inwestycyjnej na konwergencję regionalną w Polsce w latach 1960–1973. Na podstawie oficjalnych statystyk dotyczących regionalnego produktu materialnego netto i brutto oraz struktury zawodowej (sektor materialny/niematerialny) zrekonstruowano poziom PKB dla poszczególnych regionów Polski. Przeprowadzona analiza wykazała brak konwergencji regionalnej zarówno typu sigma, jak i beta. W rezultacie przeprowadzone badanie potwierdziło, że przestrzenna alokacja inwestycji w Polsce okresu rządów Gomułki i Gierka nie sprzyjała polityce konwergencji, a ze względu na inne cechy gospodarki centralnie planowanej spontanicznie wyłaniający się polaryzacyjny model rozwoju również okazał się nieefektywny.
8
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Polish and Swedish Fiscal Policy in the Years 1772-1792. A Short-Run Analysis

63%
Koryś P., Tymiński M.
Ekonomia. Rynek, Gospodarka, Społeczeństwo
|
2013
|
issue 33
79-99
EN
This paper compares Poland and Sweden in the second half of eighteenth century, as two, poorly developed, agrarian countries. Sweden secured its existence, but Poland did not manage to break out of a political dependency and ultimately vanished from the map. We would like to discuss the causes of these different outcomes. Contemporary interpretations underline the role of reasonable fiscal policy. We argue that in this particular case this explanation is insufficient. Contrary to that, our analysis shows that in the context of short term political risks, expansive fiscal policy which led to unpayable debt may be more justifiable than policy of balanced budget.
9
Content available remote

Polish and Swedish Fiscal Policy in the Years 1772-1792. A Short-Run Analysis

63%
Koryś P., Tymiński M.
Ekonomia. Rynek, Gospodarka, Społeczeństwo
|
2013
|
issue 33
79-99
EN
This paper compares Poland and Sweden in the second half of eighteenth century, as two, poorly developed, agrarian countries. Sweden secured its existence, but Poland did not manage to break out of a political dependency and ultimately vanished from the map. We would like to discuss the causes of these different outcomes. Contemporary interpretations underline the role of reasonable fiscal policy. We argue that in this particular case this explanation is insufficient. Contrary to that, our analysis shows that in the context of short term political risks, expansive fiscal policy which led to unpayable debt may be more justifiable than policy of balanced budget.
10
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Rozwój regionalny ziem polskich pod zaborami. Porównanie poziomu produktu brutto per capita na dzisiejszych terenach Polski na przełomie XIX i XX w. (wyniki pierwszych estymacji)

51%
Bukowski M., Koryś P., Leszczyńska C., Tymiński M.
Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych
|
2017
|
vol. 78
PL
Przedmiotem artykułu jest rekonstrukcja historycznego produktu krajowego (PKB) ziem polskich na przełomie XIX i XX w. Jest to pierwszy w polskiej historiografii gospodarczej spójny szacunek PKB dla poszczególnych dzielnic zaborczych oraz całości ziem polskich w latach 1900 i 1910, w podwójnym ujęciu – w granicach z przełomu XIX i XX w. oraz w granicach współczesnych. Badanie oparto na szerokiej bazie statystycznej, w obliczeniach dochodów na poziomie dzielnic i PKB ogółem zastosowano metodę produktową oraz bottom-up, część obliczeń przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem regresji liniowej. Artykuł składa się z pięciu podrozdziałów: omówienie stanu badań, zakres terytorialny badania, źródła, metoda, wyniki i ich interpretacja. W zakończeniu przedstawiono wnioski i dezyderaty dotyczące dalszych prac w tej dziedzinie. Regional development of the Polish lands under partitions. A comparison of the level of gross product per capita in the territories of modern Poland at the turn of the twentieth century (results of first estimations)The article presents a reconstruction of historic gross domestic product (GDP) in the Polish lands at the turn of the twentieth century. This is the first in the Polish economic historiography comprehensive GDP estimate for individual partitions and the whole Polish territory in 1900 and 1910, in a double approach: within the frontiers at the turn of the nineteenth century and within the present ones. The study has been based on a broad statistical basis, the calculations of income on the level of partitions and total GDP have been performed with the output method and bottom-up method, part of the computations has been made with the use of simple linear regression. The article is divided into five parts: 1) a description of the present state of research, 2) a territorial scope of the study, 3) sources, 4) methods, 5) results and their interpretation. The closing part contains conclusions and proposition for further research in the field.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.