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EN
Religion is a social and cultural phenomenon which should be separated from religious fundamentalism. Each type of beliefs contains some gists which the believer is obliged to abide by. This attitude constitutes the natural base to denominational self-identification and self-realization of man. In such a case not every vindication of fundamentalism has to evoke direct behaviour in which implementation of violence would be justification of a religious point of view. Fundamentalist threat appears as returning to religious source and its forgotten bases. In spite of significant differences, that attributes repeats itself in the ideology of fundamentalism, e. g. among fundamental organisations in the Western and Islamic civilizations. All the fundamentalist tendencies differ in their reference to the secular conception of the world. Islamic fundamentalism deals mainly with realization of political goals (taking part in power wielding, understanding of sharia-law and moral life moulding). Negative judgement of Islamic terrorism should not veil a discussion which is being carried on among the societies of liberal democracy. Fundamentalist tendencies that are brought up in the discussion do not deny the bases of democratic order but they focus on explication, theology and the need for moral restoration. There is a lesser pressure put on doctrine elements, however it manifests itself mainly as an attitude. It is expressed in divisible, exclusive and oppositional participation perception of cultural-religious and socio-political life.
EN
A certain fragment of the contemporary continental thought, especially French, has found a surprisingly innovative reception in the United States of America, adopting the autonomous form of so called "French Theory". A characteristic feature of this trend are „territorial displacements” occurring within the traditional fields of knowledge and amongstsignificant figures there are the works by Jacques Derrida, as well as the less known works by Michel de Certeau. The intellectual meeting and exchange of thoughts that took place between these two thinkers was focused on the issues of religion writing.
PL
Pewien segment współczesnej myśli kontynentalnej, zwłaszcza francuskiej, odnalazł zaskakująco innowacyjną recepcję w Stanach Zjednoczonych Ameryki, przyjmując autonomiczną postać French Theory. Cechą charakterystyczną tego nurtu są „przemieszczenia terytorialne”, zachodzące w obrębie tradycyjnych dziedzin wiedzy a do znaczących jego postaci należy między innymi twórczość Jacques’a Derridy, jak również mniej znana Michela de Certeau. Intelektualne spotkanie oraz wymiana, jaka zaszła między obu myślicielami skupiła się wokół problematyki pisma religii.
EN
Jacques Derrida's personage and work is joined with a modern intellectual trend, named as deconstruction. Some interests about deconstruction, and its real influence is particularly alive in literary, philosophical and artistic surroundings. On the background of this cultural matter, his political interests seems to take secondary place. But Derrida's closer analysis of biography and stages of formation his concept confirm "political implications". What is more important, the correlation to the Marx's philosophy is not a coincidence and has significant impact on the way of the discurse about the democracy.
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