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PL
CREATIVITY BARRIERS IN ORGANIZATION. A STUDY IN THE POLISH MEDIA SECTOR The article describes a research study devoted to creativity barriers in the Polish media sector. The Creativity Barriers Questionnaire, based on American Work Environmental Inventory was used. The questionnaire has 60 items in 10 scales of creativity inhibitors. Precise description of this tool is presented. The scales reliability and theoretical validity are appropriate.The subjects were 180 persons, working in Polish media and representing two national Polish newspapers, a private radio station and public television. Among them, there were regular and administrative employees as well as employees in executive positions.The results show that authoritarianism, limitations of free will, ineff cient communication and lack of resources, are among the most common barriers. A recognition of creativity inhibitors may improve organization and, as consequence, lead to greater satisfaction and efficiency of the staff.
EN
The main objective of the present study is to learn about the understanding of civil society among the students of Kraków’s secondary schools. A school is an institution that, apart from teaching and creating space for students’ learning, performs other social functions, including socialisation and development of subjectivity. School is the first community in one’s social life that can be a space for the development of social, democratic and civic competences. The starting point is learning about students’ mental models regarding the construct of civil society. Qualitative research was conducted among 308 secondary school students from the city and Commune of Kraków. The young generation understands civil society as con-sisting of active citizens who create an engaged, independent, goal-oriented community. However, our research shows that this concept is understood differently and that this understanding needs to be debated and constructively discussed among young citizens. The authors also set a practical goal of developing recommendations for schools on how to support students’ civic participation.
PL
Celem głównym badania jest poznanie rozumienia społeczeństwa obywatelskiego przez uczniów krakowskich szkół średnich. Szkoła to instytucja, która poza nauczaniem i tworzeniem przestrzeni dla uczenia się uczniów pełni inne funkcje społeczne, w tym socjalizacyjną i rozwoju podmiotowości. Szkoła to pierwsza wspólnota życia społecznego, która może być przestrzenią dla rozwoju kompetencji społecznych, demokratycznych i obywatelskich. Punktem wyjścia jest poznanie modeli mentalnych uczniów w zakresie konstruktu społeczeństwa obywatelskiego. Przeprowadzono badania ilościowe wśród 308 uczniów szkół ponadpodstawowych z miasta i gminy Kraków. Młode pokolenie rozumie społeczeństwo obywatelskie jako aktywnych obywateli, którzy tworzą zaangażowaną, niezależną wspólnotę ukierunkowaną na cel. Badania pokazują, że to pojęcie rozumiane jest różnie i wymaga deliberacji i konstruktywnej rozmowy wśród młodych obywateli. Autorki postawiły także cel praktyczny, jakim było  wypracowanie rekomendacji dla szkół dotyczących sposobów wspierania aktywności obywatelskiej uczniów. 
EN
The article attempts to partake in the debate on methodological challenges related to conducting research in the field of cultural heritage. The authors – based on the conducted research – present case studies and analyze the encountered problems as well as limitations in methodology and implementation of this research. At the same time, they share the adapted solutions and recommend what should be taken into account while conducting research in this field.
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