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Zapomniane dzieło Daniela Naborowskiego De temperamentis disputatio medica (1593)

100%
Raubo A.
Przestrzenie Teorii
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2015
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issue 24
219-244
EN
The article describes a forgotten work of Daniel Naborowski – “De temperamentis disputatio medica” (1593). Naborowski was a poet who lived at the turn of the 17th century and the work considered here is the result of his medical studies in Switzerland. The article addresses the poet’s scholarly interests, but first and foremost, it focuses on the subject of the research – the theory of temperaments. With ancient lineage and extremely popular in the sixteenth century, the theory was most frequently presented in the contexts of physiognomy, astrology and the lesions that were conditioned by the theory, yet in Naborowski’s work, it gained a new, solely theoretical perspec-tive. It was also concerned with the meticulous consideration of the systematics of temperaments (e.g. their differentiation – one was moderate and eight were merged, as well as their detailed division). The style of these considerations is characteristic for medical works of that period, and they constitute an interesting example of how practical issues in 16th and 17th century medicine were systematized. Furthermore, Naborowski’s considerations are a vivid example of permeable nature of disciplines – philosophy and medicine, and medicine with the broadly understood field of the humanities.
2
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Astrologiczne i humoralne uwarunkowania wyglądu ciała ludzkiego. Johannesa ab Indagine Introductiones apotelesmaticae in Chyromantiam, Physiognomiam, Astrologiam Naturalem complexiones hominum naturas planetarum (1522) na tle kultury umysłowej renesansu

100%
Raubo A.
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka
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2017
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issue 31
89-128
EN
This article describes the impact of humoral theory and astrology on the description of human body in four types of temperaments (choleric, phlegmatic, sanguine and melancholic) in the Renaissance writings. The most important of them is an antique book entitled Introductiones apotelesmaticae in Chyromantiam, Physiognomiam, Astrologiam Naturalem complexiones hominum naturas planetarum  written by Johannes Indagine and printed in 1522. Other books from this period are: Enchiridion Physiognomiae co[m] pe[n]diosu[m]: cu[m] figuris facieru[m]  (1532) by Simonenide Louicz, Problemata Aristotelis. Gadki… o składności członk.w człowieczych  (1535) by Andrzej Glaber, Phisionomia hinc inde ex illustribus scriptoribus… recollecta (1518) by Johann von Glogau. The article describes the humoral theory of diseses, which roots were created by Hippocrates and Galen, and the doctrine of the four humors dominated Medieval and Renaissance medicine. This theory held that in the body there are four humors or bodily fluids (moists) held the secret to temperaments. These humors were: blood, yellow bile, black bile and phlegm. A proper domination of each fluid was a cause of characteristic patterns of appropriate temperament: melancholic, sanguine, choleric and phlegmatic. The theory of four temperaments was also intrinsically tied to astrology, beginning with a natal birth chart interpretations to the impact of diffrent planets (Zodiac) on the organs in human body. Astrology was also helpful in the interpretation of temperaments (personality types) with their connection to the picture of human face, which was analyzed by the medieval physiognomy and also to physical appearance: shape of the body, colour of the skin, musculature and hair. The article also describes the correlations connecting the theory of four humors with birth (natal) charts and looking which planet has the impact on each temperament and human body, with negative or positive domination of diffrent character qualities. And finally, there is a detailed reconstruction of physiognomic types of human types of four temperaments, based on the book from 1522 Introductiones apotelesmaticae in Chyromantiam, Physiognomiam, Astrologiam Naturalem complexiones hominum naturas planetarum  by Indagine. The author discusses a planet’s positions and conjunctions with other planets in horoscope and their impact on temperament, physical posture, character traits, with some medical comments.
3
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Z dziejów synkretyzmu filozoficznego w epoce renesansu – Jana Grotowskiego

100%
Raubo A.
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka
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2011
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issue 18
285-316
EN
The article discusses the philosophical syncretism of the Renaissance time period in a lesser known sixteenth century text of Jan Grotowski Ai.e. Socrates, Diogenes and Themistocles. The description of the interlocutors refers both to their antique and Renaissance descriptions. In addition, the issue of nobleness that comes from birth and the one that comes from living a good life is discussed. The notion of virtue as it was presented in Grotowski’s work is outlined, as well as the relations between the body, soul and the spirit included in it that influence the interpretation of the notion “nobleness”.
4
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Nierzetelność naukowa w publikacjach akademickich. Kilka przykładów z obszaru nauk humanistycznych i społecznych

63%
Raubo A., Wroński M.
Rocznik Pedagogiczny
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2017
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vol. 40
157-172
EN
The authors described an outline of main problems regarding scientific misconduct. The paper is presenting Polish few clear cases of intensive plagiarism and one invented list of scholarly publications. In conclusion, the authors think that swift prevention of increasing bad scientifi c behavior is necessary by academic community.
PL
Autorzy przedstawiają zarys głównych problemów dotyczących nierzetelności naukowej, podając ich definicje. Opisują kilka przypadków jaskrawych naruszeń prawa autorskiego w polskich pracach naukowych. W konkluzji widzą konieczność energicznego działania prewencyjnego przez środowisko akademickie.
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