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1

Odwieczny spór filozofii z poezją w traktacie Heraklita Alegorety

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Domaradzki M.

Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae

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2011

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vol. 21

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issue 1

5-20

EN

The paper investigates the complex interrelationship between philosophy and poetry as it was presented by Heraclitus the Allegorist in the famous ‘Quaestiones Homericae’. It is shown here that the apology of Homer which emerges from the treaty builds on two fundamental assumptions. First of all, the Allegorist aims to prove that Homer’s poems ought to be read as intentionally composed allegories that actually prefigure all subsequent philosophical and scientific views. Secondly, Heraclitus argues also that Homer had to have recourse to allegory, since it is the only appropriate mode of expressing certain ideas. Consequently, Homer transpires to be not only the greatest poet if ancient Greece, but also its greatest philosopher.

2

Miejsce metafor w badaniach nad komunikacją

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Domaradzki M., Instytut Filozofii U. i. A. M. w. P.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Philosophica. Ethica – Aesthetica – Practica

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2012

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vol. 25

EN

The purpose of the present paper is to discuss several metaphorical conceptualizations of the phenomenon of communication from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. Apart from the purely linguistic and philosophical issues, the article touches upon the questions that concern the process of teaching and learning a foreign language (especially the so called "radically different one"). The thesis about our essentially metaphorical understanding of the phenomenon of communication, widely acknowledged in cognitive linguistics, is supported by empirical data drawn from Arabic and several Indo-European languages. Subsequently, the thesis is taken as a point of departure for discussing such issues as the problem of cross-linguistic variation of metaphors and their biological motivation. The paper consists of three sections: the first one examines the metaphor of communication as transfer, the second considers the metaphor of communication as enlightening, whereas the third presents some philosophical observations. The most important conclusion that is drawn here has it that the potential universality of various metaphorical conceptualizations is a very useful heuristic and didactic tool, for the existence of a common ground between languages that are genetically unrelated makes it possible not only to account for the ease with which certain elements of the target language can be translated into the source language, but also to hypothesize about the general mechanisms that are responsible for understanding and acquiring the (radically) different target language. Needless to say, such hypotheses are of paramount importance for the process of teaching and learning a foreign (especially radically different) language.

3

Substancje pierwsze i ich homonimy w teleologicznym ujęciu Arystotelesa

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Domaradzki M.

Diametros

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2018

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issue 58

2-17

PL

Celem artykułu jest rekonstrukcja Arystotelesowskiego rozróżnienia między substancjami pierwszymi i ich homonimami. W proponowanym tu ujęciu Stagiryta uznaje zarówno wytwory natury, jak i wytwory człowieka za homonimy substancji pierwszych, gdy te okazują się niezdolne do wykonywania swej funkcji (ergon) i urzeczywistniania swego celu (telos). W toku rozważań podejście Arystotelesa skonfrontowane zostanie z jego słynną nauką o czterech przyczynach, a analiza konkretnych przykładów podawanych przez filozofa umożliwi określenie statusu ontycznego homonimów. Następnie przedstawiona zostanie argumentacja na rzecz tezy, iż Arystotelesowski hylemorfizm nie tylko podważa funkcjonalistyczne założenie o dowolności materii, ale także wyklucza możliwość postawienia znaku równości między artefaktami i istotami żywymi. Zwieńczeniem przedstawionych tu rozważań będzie konkluzja, że substancje pierwsze będące naprawdę (alēthōs) i rzeczy będące jedynie homonimicznie (plēnhomōnymōs) wymagają odmiennych definicji.

XX

The purpose of this article is to reconstruct Aristotle’s distinction between primary substances and their homonyms. It is shown that the Stagirite regards both body parts and artefacts as mere homonyms of primary substances when they are no longer capable of performing their function (ergon) and actualizing their end (telos). In the course of the present discussion, Aristotle’s approach is confronted with his famous doctrine of the four causes, whilst an analysis of the examples given by the Stagirite serves the purpose of determining the ontic status of homonyms. Subsequently, this paper argues that Aristotle’s hylomorphism not only defies the functionalist assumption of the irrelevance of matter but also precludes the possibility of equating artefacts with living organisms. The discussion concludes with an observation that primary substances which are truly (alēthōs) and things which are only homonymously (plēn homōnymōs) require different definitions.

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1 Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Philosophica. Ethica – Aesthetica – Practica

1 Diametros

1 Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae

3 Domaradzki M.

1 Instytut Filozofii U. i. A. M. w. P.

1 2018

1 2013

1 2012

Odwieczny spór filozofii z poezją w traktacie Heraklita Alegorety

Miejsce metafor w badaniach nad komunikacją

Substancje pierwsze i ich homonimy w teleologicznym ujęciu Arystotelesa