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Forum Philosophicum
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2011
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vol. 16
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issue 2
111–119
EN
The German-Jewish writer and poetess, Rose Ausländer (1901–1988), who came from Chernivtsi (Czernowitz), capital of Bukovina, one of the former provinces of the Hapsburg Empire, is one of the most highly acclaimed lyric poets to have written in German in the 20th century. Throughout her whole life she was an adherent of the philosophy of Spinoza, first becoming acquainted with it in the so-called “ethics seminar” of the secondary-school teacher Friedrich Kettner. In the wake of the First World War the youth of Chernivtsi were in need of new sources of intellectual stimulation, so he set out to introduce them to the philosophy of Spinoza, as well as to that of Constantin Brunner, a contemporary German philosopher influenced by him. Rose Ausländer remained a follower of Spinoza right up to the end of her life. This is confirmed by her two very different poems of the same name, “Spinoza”—the first composed before 1939, the second in 1979—as well as by her many explorations of topics drawn from his ethics, ranging from her very first printed poem, “Amor Dei,” up to her lyrics written in old age, in the 1970s and 1980s. In this short paper I will attempt to chart the course of, and analyze, her interest in Spinoza's philosophical system and life.
Roczniki Humanistyczne
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2020
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vol. 68
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issue 5
147-161
EN
The paper considers, as an example of second generation Shoah survivors, the life and work of Henryk Halkowski (1951-2009) who lived in Kraków and was a philosopher, architect and, primarily, ‘a guardian of Jewish memory’. I discuss his essays and journalism on Jewish subjects and the subject of Polish-Jewish relations, as well as his translations and editions of Judaic texts. Halkowski emphasised that it would be wrong to study the history of the Jews in Poland only in the context of their extermination, because there had existed in Poland, and especially in Kraków and its Jewish quarter Kazimierz, a thriving Jewish life and culture for seven centuries previously. The late scholar was deeply connected to Kraków, both biographically and emotionally, and used to stress the fact that the history of the Jews and the history of Kraków are inseparable.
PL
Henryk Halkowski (1951-2009): ‘Strażnik pamięci żydowskiej’ w KrakowieArtykuł rozpatruje jako przykład drugiego pokolenia po Szoa życie i twórczość żyjącego w Krakowie w latach 1951-2009 Henryka Halkowskiego, filozofa, architekta, a przede wszystkim ‘strażnika pamięci żydowskiej’, jego eseistykę i publicystykę na tematy żydowskie oraz stosunków polsko-żydowskich, a także jego przekłady i opracowania tekstów judaistycznych. Halkowski szczególnie podkreślał, że nie należy zajmować się historią Żydów w Polsce tylko jako historią ich Zagłady, gdyż w Polsce, a zwłaszcza na krakowskim Kazimierzu istniały i rozwijały się bujnie przez 700 lat życie żydowskie i kultura żydowska. Zmarły erudyta był z Krakowem głęboko związany biograficznie, jak też uczuciowo i zwykł kłaść nacisk na fakt, że historia Żydów i historia Krakowa są ze sobą nierozerwalnie związane. Henryk Halkowski (1951-2009): ‘Wächter des jüdischen Gedächtnisses’ in KrakauDer Beitrag betrachtet exemplarisch als ein Beispiel der zweiten Generation nach der Shoah das Leben und Schaffen von Henryk Halkowski (1950-2009), der in Krakau lebte und als Philosoph. Architekt und vor allem als ‚Wächter des jüdischen Gedächtnisses‘ funktionierte. Ich bespreche seine Essayistik und Publizistik zu jüdischen Themen sowie solchen der polnisch-jüdischen Beziehungen wie auch seine Übersetzungen und Bearbeitungen judaistischer Texte. Besonders betonte Halkowski, dass man die Geschichte der Juden in Polen nicht lediglich als Geschichte ihres Untergangs betrachten sollte, denn es existierte und florierte in Polen, und insbesondere in der Nachbarstadt (dann im Stadtviertel) Krakaus Kazimierz 700 Jahre lang das jüdische Leben und die jüdische Kultur. Der gestorbene (Privat-)Gelehrte war sowohl biographisch als auch emotionell mit Krakau tief verbunden und pflegte mit Nachdruck zu sagen, dass die Geschichte der Juden und die Geschichte Krakaus unzertrennlich zusammenhängen.
EN
Bachman wrote only three radio plays, all of them in the fifties of the XXth century. In spite of different settings, all of them have the same topic: escape from society (either into dream or to an island or to the isolation of a couple wishing to live only for love) and utopia. In the first and third play the male protagonists fail however, unable to give up their bourgeois lives. In the third play the female protago-nist is a victim of her ability to love without restrictions. This locates The Good God of Manhattan close to the feminist prose of Bachmanns later years. In the second radio play, The Cikadas, the existence on an island separated from society is judged in the negative. All attempts to win utopian happiness end with defeat; although they are valued differently, they show that in spite of all efforts mankind is not able to reach the ideal of truth and love.
DE
Bachman wrote only three radio plays, all of them in the fifties of the XXth century. In spite of different settings, all of them have the same topic: escape from society (either into dream or to an island or to the isolation of a couple wishing to live only for love) and utopia. In the first and third play the male protagonists fail however, unable to give up their bourgeois lives. In the third play the female protagonist is a victim of her ability to love without restrictions. This locates The Good God of Manhattan close to the feminist prose of Bachmanns later years. In the second radio play, The Cikadas, the existence on an island separated from society is judged in the negative. All attempts to win utopian happiness end with defeat; although they are valued differently, they show that in spite of all efforts mankind is not able to reach the ideal of truth and love.
PL
The phenomenon of intertextuality is so old as the literature, but the term was coined by Julia Kristeva in the 1960s. Vincent Leitsch expressed it 1983 in a such way: “The text is not an autonomous object, but a set of relations with other texts”. The purpose of my paper was to comparise Thomas Mann’s brillant debut as a novelist, Buddenbroks (1901), with the stream of realistic Norwegian novels of the 1880s. Especially there is a great influence of two fiction writers of the Golden Age of Norwegian literature in the second part of XIXth century, Alexander Kielland and Jonas Lie, on this novel. At the beginning of my paper were quoted the statements on this subject by Thomas Mann himself. Than the essay takes up the problem of intertextual links between the Buddenbrooks and some novels by Kielland and Lie on the level oft the plot, characters, names and lingual pronouncements in the texts. At last I researched the differences in the function of the common elements by the Norwegian writers and the German novelist.
EN
The Austrian writer and journalist Hilde Spiel spent the years 1936–1946 in English exile. Shortly before she died, she described this time in her memoirs. The aim of this paper is to analyze especially the first part of her memoirs, Die hellen und die finsteren Zeiten (1989), both in the aspect of the life of the writer herself and in the life of other German speaking writers in English exile. At last the article reflects why Hilde Spiel as a late ‘remigrant’ in Austria (1963) did not feel at home again in her homeland and how she thought about her life between the cultures.
EN
In Poland, the name Dagny is well-known because of the sad life and tragic death of the Norwegian wife of the famous and scandalising Polish-German fin de siécle writer Przybyszewski. But not many people know that she was a writer and poet herself, even if not a very prolific one. Her ouevre consists of four short plays, five poems in prose and a handful of poetry. The aim of this article is to analyse her plays and prose in respect of the relations between a man and a woman. Especially, I enquire if Juels work is only an expression of the literary conventions of her epoch, or if she gives her texts an unique (feminine) touch. I attempt to demonstrate that the latter is the case in her dramatic work and especially in her prose poetry.
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DETERING, HEINRICH / HOFFMANN, TORSTEN / PASEWALCK, SILKE / PORMEISTER, EVE (eds.) (2011): Nationalepen zwischen Fakten und Fiktionen. Beiträge zum komparatistischen Symposium 6. bis 8. Mai 2010 Tartu. Tartu: Tartu University Press (=Humaniora: Germanistica 5). 321 S. KRYSZTOFIAK, MARIA (2011): Translatologiczna teoria i praktyka przekładu artystycznego. [Die translatologische Theorie und Praxis der künstlerischen Übersetzung]. Poznań: Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM. 244 S. RÖSCH, GERTRUD MARIA (ed.) (2011): Fakten und Fiktionen. Werklexikon der deutschsprachigen Schlüsselliteratur 1900-2010. 1. ‒ Andres bis Loest. Stuttgart: Hiersemann (=Hiersemanns bibliographische Handbücher 21,1). 405 S. RYBSKA, AGNIESZKA MAGDALENA (2011): Deutsche Kriminalgeschichten von 1780 bis 1820 als Anfänge der Kriminalliteratur. Frankfurt (M.)/Berlin/Bern u. a.: Peter Lang Verlag (=Studien zur Germanistik, Skandinavistik und Übersetzungskultur 1). 116 S. SZCZEPANIAK, MONIKA (2011): Militärische Männlichkeiten in Deutschland und Österreich im Umfeld des Großen Krieges. Konstruktionen und Dekonstruktionen. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann. 274 S. HYVÄRINEN, IRMA / LIIMATAINEN, ANNIKKI (eds.) (2011): Beiträge zur pragmatischen Phraseologie. Frankfurt (M.)/Berlin/Bern u. a.: Peter Lang Verlag (=Finnische Beiträge zur Germanistik 25). 225 S. SOPATA, ALDONA (2009): Erwerbstheoretische und glottodidaktische Aspekte des frühen Zweitspracherwerbs. Sprachentwicklung der Kinder im natürlichen und schulischen Kontext. Poznań: Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM. 462 S. ZIELIŃSKI, LECH / LUDWIG, KLAUS-DIETER / LIPCZUK, RYSZARD (eds.) (2011): Deutsche und polnische Lexikographie nach 1945 im Spannungsfeld der Kulturgeschichte. Frankfurt (M.)/Berlin/Bern u. a.: Peter Lang Verlag (=Danziger Beiträge zur Germanistik 35). 306 S.
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STÜBEN, JENS (ed.) (2007): Ostpreußen – Westpreußen – Danzig. Eine historische Literaturlandschaft. München: Oldenbourg Verlag (=Schriften des Bundesinstituts für Kultur und Geschichte der Deutschen im östlichen Europa 30). 762 S. TRABA, ROBERT (2005): ‚Wschodniopruskość‘. Tożsamość regionalna i narodowa w kulturze politycznej Niemiec. [‚Das Ostpreußentum‘. Die regionale und nationale Identität in der politischen Kultur Deutschlands]. Poznań/ Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Poznańskiego Towarzystwa Przyjaciół Nauk. 471 S. DAMPC-JAROSZ, RENATA / SZEWCZYK, GRAŻYNA BARBARA (eds.) (2006): Friedrich Schiller. W dwusetną rocznicę śmierci. [Zum 200. Todesjahr]. Wrocław: Oficyna Wydawnicza ATUT – Wrocławskie Wydawnictwo Oświatowe. 261 S. STRELKA, JOSEPH P. (2005): Ernst Schönwiese. Werk und Leben. Frankfurt (M.) / Berlin / Bern u.a.: Peter Lang Verlag (=New Yorker Beiträge zur Literaturwissenschaft 6). 193 S.  BIALIK, WŁODZIMIERZ (2005): Die gewöhnliche Trivialität. Zu Sekundärbotschaften und zur Ideologie der En-passant-Aussagen in Heinz Günter Konsaliks später Romanproduktion. Frankfurt (M.)/Berlin/Bern u.a.: Peter Lang Verlag (=Posener Beiträge zur Germanistik 5). 290 S. RUCHNIEWICZ, KRZYSZTOF / ZYBURA, MAREK (eds.) (2006): Niemieckojęzyczni laureaci Literackiej Nagrody Nobla. Wrocław: Oficyna Wydawnicza ATUT – Wrocławskie Wydawnictwo Oświatowe. 285 S. RUCHNIEWICZ, KRZYSZTOF / ZYBURA, MAREK (eds.) (2007): Die höchste Ehrung, die einem Schriftsteller zuteil werden kann. Deutschsprachige Nobelpreisträger für Literatur. Dresden: Neisse Verlag. 354 S. GANSEL, CHRISTINA / JÜRGENS, FRANK (22007): Textlinguistik und Textgrammatik. Eine Einführung. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht / Westdeutscher Verlag Teutsch (=Studienbücher zur Linguistik 6). 270 S. GLÜCK, HELMUT / SCHRÖDER, KONRAD (eds.) (2007): Deutschlernen in den polnischen Ländern vom 15. Jahrhundert bis 1918. Eine teilkommentierte Bibliographie. Bearbeitet von Yvonne Pörzgen und Marcelina Tkocz. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. 319 S. LIPCZUK, RYSZARD (2007): Geschichte und Gegenwart des Fremdwortpurismus in Deutschland und Polen. Frankfurt (M.)/Berlin/Bern u.a.: Peter Lang Verlag (=Danziger Beiträge zur Germanistik 23). 251 S. RICHTER-VAPAATALO, ULRIKE (2007): „Da hatte das Pferd die Nüstern voll“. Gebrauch und Funktion von Phraseologie im Kinderbuch. Untersuchungen zu Erich Kästner und anderen Autoren. Frankfurt (M.)/Berlin/ Bern u.a.: Peter Lang Verlag (=Finnische Beiträge zur Germanistik 20). 333 S. LÜSEBRINK, HANS-JÜRGEN (2005): Interkulturelle Kommunikation. Interaktion, Fremdwahrnehmung, Kulturtransfer. Stuttgart/Weimar: Metzler. 201 S.
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