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Władze wojskowe, cywilne i kościelne a problem cerkwi prawosławnych w II Rzeczypospolitej – studium na przykładzie świątyń Suwałk, Łomży i Augustowa

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Zubowski P.

Dzieje Najnowsze

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2017

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vol. 49

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issue 4

PL

W artykule przedstawiono politykę władz wojskowych, cywilnych i kościelnych w okresie II Rzeczypospolitej w stosunku do cerkwi prawosławnych, wzniesionych za czasów zaboru rosyjskiego przede wszystkim z myślą o rosyjskim wojsku i administracji. Na przykładzie świątyń w Suwałkach, Augustowie i Łomży starano się sprecyzować pewne schematy postępowania z prawosławnym dziedzictwem (opuszczonym przez władze rosyjskie w trakcie I wojny światowej), charakterystyczne dla obszaru całego Królestwa Polskiego.The article presents the policy of military, civil and Church authorities of the Second Polish Republic towards the Orthodox churches constructed in the Russian partition, mainly for Russian officials and army. An attempt was made to identify, on the example of Orthodox Church buildings at Suwałki, Augustów and Łomża, certain patterns of actions towards the Orthodox Church heritage (abandoned by the Russian authorities during World War I), characteristic of the whole Kingdom of Poland.

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Bronisława Guza, Z Pokucia na Dolny Śląsk

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Zubowski P.

Wrocławski Rocznik Historii Mówionej

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2011

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vol. 1

159-194

EN

In her narrative Bronisława Guza (born in 1929) talks about the life of her family in Obertyn – a small town in the former Stanisławów province – starting from 1930s and WW2 period, to the post-war years when she came to Lower Silesia. In her recollections she describes places that played an important role in the town’s life: Saints Peter and Paul’s church and priests serving in it, a convent belonging to the Congregation of the Servants of the Holiest Virgin Mary of the Immaculate Conception from Stara Wieś, along with an orphanage run by the nuns (which she used to attend as a child), the market square on market days, various shops, houses, a mound made to commemorate the battle of Obertyn in 1531, as well as a cross standing on its top. She tells us about relations between Obertyn’s inhabitants: Poles, Ukrainians and Jews – how they established and maintained close bonds, together celebrated holidays and weddings, participated in funerals, and so on – and about mutual respect for other denominations and customs. Bronisława Guza’s story of WW2 contains recollections of the Soviet and German occupations, circumstances of the Soviet re-entering at the end of March and at the beginning of April 1944, and of the activity of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists on these territories. The key moment for this time in history was in 1945, when a vast majority of the Polish community of Obertyn was resettled to the Western Territories. Bronisława Guza and her family ended up in Siedlce near Oława, where initially she lived together with the German, evangelical community of the village. The inhabitants settled down in the new place and tried to adapt to the new life conditions.

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Anna Sobko „Jeden z Rus, drugi z Prus, a wszystkich was diabeł na kupę zwiózł!” Akcja „Wisła” i osiedlenie na Pomorzu we wspomnieniach dawnej mieszkanki Zahoczewia

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Zubowski P.

Wrocławski Rocznik Historii Mówionej

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2017

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vol. 7

304-342

EN

The report by Anna Sobko (nee Kałuc) is primarily a story about the traumatic events of 1944-1947, which were encountered by Polish citizens of Ukrainian nationality living in three pre-war voivodeships - Krakow, Lublin and Lviv. Under international agreements and decisions of the Polish authorities, they were resettled to the USSR and then - as part of the "Vistula" Action - to the Western and Northern Lands. Ms. Anna, along with her entire family, was deported from Zahoczewo near Lesko to Smołdzino in Pomerania between April and May 1947. Her memories intricately detail their arrival to a new place of residence, living conditions, relations with other groups of the population and adaptation to the new cultural landscape, which changed from the Bieszczady to the Baltic region.

PL

Relacja Anny Sobko z domu Kałuc stanowi przede wszystkim opowieść o traumatycznych wydarzeniach lat 1944–1947, które spotkały polskich obywateli narodowości ukraińskiej zamieszkałych na terenie trzech przedwojennych województw – krakowskiego, lubelskiego i lwowskiego. W ramach umów międzynarodowych oraz decyzji polskich władz przesiedlano ich do USRR, a następnie – w ramach Akcji „Wisła” – na Ziemie Zachodnie i Północne. Pani Anna wraz z całą rodziną, na przełomie kwietnia i maja 1947 r., została wysiedlona z Zahoczewia koło Leska do Smołdzina na Pomorzu. Jej wspomnienia szczegółowo traktują o przyjeździe do nowego miejsca zamieszkania, warunkach bytowych, stosunkach z innymi grupami ludności oraz adaptacji do nowego krajobrazu kulturowego, który z Bieszczadów zmienił się w tereny nadbałtyckie.

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„Dziedzictwo bez ojczyzny”. Cerkiew prawosławna św. Męczennicy Aleksandry w Stanisławowie pod Modlinem w latach II Rzeczypospolitej i współcześnie

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Zubowski P.

Zarządzanie w Kulturze

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2017

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vol. 18

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issue 2

135-153

EN

The paper aims to present the history of the Orthodox parish founded on the orders of the Tsarist authorities in the 1930s for the settlers specially brought from Russia to Warsaw. The parish, together with the monumental Orthodox Church of Saint Alexandra the Martyr, flourished until the outbreak of World War I, when the army and the Russian administration were evacuated from the Kingdom of Poland and the Church was destroyed. After Poland had regained its independence, the Church lost its former privileges and started to attract the hostility and unwillingness on the part of the Polish authorities. Despite this, thanks to the efforts of the remaining faithful, the Church was rebuilt (although in a much more modest form), and the faithful were given an Orthodox priest. Today, the Church, being the only rural Orthodox temple in Mazovia, is covered by conservator’s protection and is considered a symbol of multiculturalism. Using the Orthodox Church of Saint Alexandra as an example, the paper is an attempt to illustrate how Poland manages the unwanted, “inconvenient” heritage which over time is integrated into the Polish cultural landscape and becomes devoid of negative evaluation. The deliberations are based primarily on the archival administrative and parish records kept in the Central Archives of Modern Records (AAN) and on the iconographic materials from the Central Archives of Historical Records (AGAD).

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2 Wrocławski Rocznik Historii Mówionej

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4 Zubowski P.

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Władze wojskowe, cywilne i kościelne a problem cerkwi prawosławnych w II Rzeczypospolitej – studium na przykładzie świątyń Suwałk, Łomży i Augustowa

Bronisława Guza, Z Pokucia na Dolny Śląsk

Anna Sobko „Jeden z Rus, drugi z Prus, a wszystkich was diabeł na kupę zwiózł!” Akcja „Wisła” i osiedlenie na Pomorzu we wspomnieniach dawnej mieszkanki Zahoczewia

„Dziedzictwo bez ojczyzny”. Cerkiew prawosławna św. Męczennicy Aleksandry w Stanisławowie pod Modlinem w latach II Rzeczypospolitej i współcześnie