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“The sea has never been friendly to man.” Joseph Conrad’s Topoi in the Digital Game Sunless Sea

100%
Kozyra M.
Yearbook of Conrad Studies
|
2019
|
vol. 14
83-92
EN
The aim of this paper is to find connections between the digital game Sunless Sea (Failbetter Games, 2015) and Joseph Conrad’s novels, particularly the ones touching on the subject of sea voyage. Sunless Sea is an exploration role-playing game which focuses on the topics of sailors’ loneliness, dual nature of the sea, and above all, player’s inevitable failure. These tropes are shown not only in the narrative structure of the game, but also in its mechanics and design choices. I believe that the game is heavily inspired by the notion of maritime life created by Conrad, as indicated by the quote from The Mirror of the Sea opening the game: “The sea has never been friendly to man. At most it has been the accomplice of human restlessness.”
2
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Ogrywając porażkę. Konceptualizacja doświadczenia porażki w groznawstwie

100%
Kozyra M.
Replay. The Polish Journal of Game Studies
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2019
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vol. 6
|
issue 1
37-49
EN
The aim of the article is to present examples of already existing theories about the experience of failure in digital games and then propose a different approach to it. Firstly, it shows the way Csíkszentmihályi’s flow theory and Juul’s The Art of failure describe the motivational role of failure; then it points out the persuasive aspects of Bogost’s rhetoric of failure used in serious games industry; and lastly Lee’s, Roche’s and Halberstam’s approaches trying to recognize the positive features of failure are examined. The author then introduces six dimensions of failure based on Calleja’s Player Involvement Model. Through them, an alternative way of thinking about failure is proposed, in which the failure is perceived not (only) as an occurrence which needs fixing, but as a possibility for a different experience of gameplay.
PL
Celem artykułu jest przegląd najważniejszych teorii przybliżających zjawisko porażki w grach cyfrowych, a następnie zaproponowanie nowej metody jego opisu. Analizie zostały poddane teoria przepływu autorstwa Mihály Csíkszentmihályi oraz książka Jespera Juula Sztuka przegrywania, w których badacze skupiają się na motywacyjnym aspekcie porażki; opisane przez Iana Bogosta retoryka porażki oraz jej perswazyjna rola; a także podejście reprezentowane między innymi przez Shuen-shinga Lee, Jacka Halberstama oraz Bonnie Ruberg, zwracające uwagę na pozytywne aspekty porażki. Autorka proponuje alternatywną analizę porażki z sześciu różnych perspektyw, opartą na modelu zaangażowania gracza Gordona Calleji oraz łączącą opisywane wcześniej teorie. Celem wypracowanego modelu jest zwrócenie uwagi na różne funkcje spełniane przez mechanizm porażki w grach cyfrowych, które nie ograniczają się jedynie do jej edukacyjnego aspektu.
3
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Lost Worlds of Andromeda. Mass Effect: Andromeda and the Victorian adventure novel for boys

63%
Majkowski T. Z., Kozyra M.
Studia Humanistyczne AGH
|
2021
|
issue 2
23-40
EN
The paper offers a reading of "Mass Effect: Andromeda" (BioWare 2017) vis-à-vis lost world romance (also dubbed “lost race romance”, or “imperial romance”), a late-Victorian area novelistic genre originating from H. Rider Haggard's "King Solomon's Mines" and serving as a major tool for British Empire propaganda - and as a source of the early science-fiction conventions. We claim the narrative failure of the ill-received game stems from its adherence to the rigid principles and forceful themes of the genre and the colonial and imperial imaginary informing it. Our analysis aims at highlighting the way 19th Century novelistic convention can be remediated as contemporary digital games, and to expose the link between imperial imaginary and the way open-world digital games are structured, on both narrative and gameplay levels - even when they do not directly refer to the historical colonial legacy.
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