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EN
The paper presents the results of paleoecological and chemical analyzes of bottom sediments of the small hardwater lake Pniówno. In the sediment profile of undisturbed structure, remains of subfossil Cladocera were analyzed, as well as the content of total organic carbon, carbonates and silica (with separation of terrigenous and biogenic fractions). The age of sediments was determined by dating with the 210Pb method. In addition, changes in the surface water network and catchment area were analyzed based on archival maps, covering the period from the beginning of the 19th century to modern times. Despite the widespread view of the deteriorating state of surface waters as a result of increased anthropogenic pressure, the example of the shallow Pniówno Lake indicates a periodic improvement in the state of water during the time covered by the analysis. This was probably caused by hydrological and climatic changes enabling the development of submerged macrophytes as well as settlement decline during the First World War.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia wyniki analiz paleoekologicznych i chemicznych osadów dennych małego, twardowodnego jeziora Pniówno. W profilu o niezaburzonej strukturze zanalizowano zmiany składu subfosylnej fauny wioślarek (Cladocera, Crustacea), oznaczono zawartość węgla organicznego, węglanów i krzemionki (z wydzieleniem frakcji terygenicznej i biogenicznej) oraz wiek osadów za pomocą datowania metodą 210Pb. Dodatkowo, w oparciu o mapy archiwalne, przeanalizowano zmiany sieci wód powierzchniowych i użytkowania zlewni w okresie od początku XIX w. po czasy współczesne. Mimo powszechnego poglądu o pogarszającym się stanie wód powierzchniowych na skutek wzrostu presji antropogenicznej w okresie objętym analizą stwierdzono okresową poprawę stanu wód, którego przyczyną były najprawdopodobniej zmiany hydrologiczne i klimatyczne, umożliwiające rozwój roślinności zanurzonej, a także pustka osadnicza spowodowana działaniami podczas I wojny światowej.
EN
The study focused on reconstruction of the extreme hydrological changes within the bog surrounding the lake Płotycze near Sobibór over the past 200 years. The site has been located within the reserve „Three Lakes”, in the Sobibór Landscape Park. The main aim was to determine the intensity of these changes and to determine the extent to which allogeneic and indigenous factors resulted in the functioning of peat bog. Analysis consisted of 0.60 m peat core extracted from the northwestern part of the bog, including the youngest periods in the history of the bog. This section, as follows directly from historical data, is also a carrier of data on intensive human impact on the area. As a research method testate amoebae analysis was used. These organisms belong to the dominant group of peat microorganisms. The results obtained enabled to determine two main paleohydrology phases in the last 200 years of the peat bog history. These phases have been correlated with historical data and with the results of previous studies carried out in the peat bog, i.e. reconstruction of water level changes based on data mapping using GIS tools and the study of plant communities.
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