Search results

1

„Odmówił powrotu do kraju” – ucieczki piłkarzy z PRL na Zachód

100%

Pilarski S.

Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość

|

2014

|

issue 2(24)

387-421

EN

Illegal emigrations of football players from the People’s Republic of Poland were quite frequent, but in most cases they were not treated as high profile in the mass media. The only exception was the 1988 escape of Andrzej Rudy, a player in Poland’s national football team. The examples of emigrating athletes discussed in the text have been divided into two categories: defectors per se (those who left their teams’ foreign training camps), and people who refused to go back to Poland after legally obtaining a consent to travel to a Western country (or Yugoslavia). The first case of an athlete illegally leaving Poland took place in the 1950s, while the last one in the last months of the break-through year of 1989. It was usually footballers playing for Silesian clubs who opted for illegal emigration to West Germany. Family reasons were often quoted as a basis for making such a decision – numerous defectors were able to prove their German roots. The 1980s saw a particular intensification of escapes, which was related both to deteriorating economic conditions in Poland and more liberal passport policies at the end of the decade. It is worth noting that the communist authorities changed their attitude towards the phenomenon. While in the 1960s the secret police would keep the defectors and their families under surveillance, 20 years later the government would simply register anyone “refusing to return to Poland”.

2

POLISH OFFICIAL CIRCLES AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF CZECHOSLOVAK-SOVIET RELATIONS IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 1930S (Polskie kola oficjalne wobec rozwoju stosunkow czechoslowacko-sowieckich w drugiej polowie lat trzydziestych XX w.)

100%

Pilarski S.

Studia z Dziejów Rosji i Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej

|

2009

|

vol. 44

127-148

EN

The development of Czechoslovak-Soviet relations after the mutual assistance treaty signed on 16 May 1935 by the two countries met with lively interest among the heads of Polish diplomacy and part of the press associated or sympathising with the 'sanacja' circles. Representatives of the ruling camp in Poland maintained that the agreement excluded the possibility of a Polish-Czechoslovak rapprochement, thus becoming a successive cause of misunderstandings between the two states. The official circles carefully followed the development of relations along the Prague-Moscow line, and charged the former with playing the part of a 'Soviet Trojan horse' and planning to fulfil the function of an intermediary between the Soviet Union and Western Europe. The Czechs were accused of aiming at the establishment of a Czechoslovak-Soviet frontier, and public opinion was informed about the construction of Soviet military bases in the Republic. The popularity of communism in the Czechoslovakia and support for representatives of the Communist Party of Poland, directed against the Polish raison d'état, were mentioned as proof of the Republic's submission vis a vis the Soviet empire. The Polish side also reacted negatively to Soviet attempts at influencing the solution of the affiliation of Zaolzie Silesia at the turn of September 1938.

3

Źródła do dziejów NSZZ „Solidarność” w zasobie archiwalnym Oddziału IPN w Łodzi

63%

Pilarski S., Robert R.

Przegląd Archiwalny Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej

|

2013

|

vol. 6

259-297

Refine search results

1 Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość

1 Przegląd Archiwalny Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej

1 Studia z Dziejów Rosji i Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej

3 Pilarski S.

1 Robert R.

1 2014

1 2013

1 2009

„Odmówił powrotu do kraju” – ucieczki piłkarzy z PRL na Zachód

POLISH OFFICIAL CIRCLES AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF CZECHOSLOVAK-SOVIET RELATIONS IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 1930S (Polskie kola oficjalne wobec rozwoju stosunkow czechoslowacko-sowieckich w drugiej polowie lat trzydziestych XX w.)

Źródła do dziejów NSZZ „Solidarność” w zasobie archiwalnym Oddziału IPN w Łodzi