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Biblioteka
|
2010
|
issue 14(23)
179-200
EN
The article presents the history of a literary almanac Pokłosie published in the region (Leszno, later Poznań, then part of Prussia) between 1852 and 1861. A peculiar trait of the periodical-almanac was its combination of the three following components: elitist literary content, regularity in publishing and the donation of the entire income from the title to charity. In the mid-nineteenth century the region of Greater Poland (Polish: Wielkopolska) was affected by a widespread European subsistence crisis. As a result of concurrent cholera epidemic and the acute economic crisis, an urgent need for assistance to orphans, vulnerable children and the poor in general emerged. A group of landowning gentry and Catholic priests from around Gostyń created the so-called Gostyń Institute, i.e. a hospital and orphanage. The most active of the group was Edmund Bojanowski of Grabonóg, who also developed a network of crčches for local peasant children. To support the initiative financially, Bojanowski established a literary periodical entitled Pokłosie. There were many volunteers who helped him to collect suitable material for the periodical, editing it, providing proofreading and distribution. The only people who were actually paid for their involvement were publishers and booksellers. The closest co-worker to Bojanowski was Stanisław Egbert Koźmian, a literary critic, translator and editor of Przegląd Poznański. Koźmian provided Pokłosie with some material unused in Przegląd, not necessarily less interesting but one that did not fit the conservative profile of the periodical. The adopted guiding principle for the editors of Pokłosie was that only first printings would be published and, additionally, the periodical managed to maintain high literary standards throughout its whole existence. The almanac had very diversified contents since the contributing authors represented different literary trends and political orientations. However, aggravating financial problems and the increased political pressure in the province, resulting in hampering publications in the Polish language, eventually led to a decision to cease the publication of Pokłosie.
PL
Tematem artykułu jest historia noworocznika literackiego „Pokłosie”, wydawanego w latach 1852-1861 w Wielkopolsce (Leszno, później Poznań, część Polski należąca do Prus). Specyfiką tytułu było połączenie trzech czynników: elitarnej zawartości literackiej, regularności wydawania oraz przeznaczenia całkowitego dochodu ze sprzedaży na lokalny cel charytatywny. W połowie XIX wieku region Wielkopolski nawiedziły klęski nieurodzaju, głodu i chorób, jakie dotknęły dużą część Europy. W rezultacie połączenia epidemii cholery oraz kryzysu ekonomicznego pojawiła się pilna potrzeba zorganizowania pomocy dla sierot i innych ubogich. Grupa ziemian wielkopolskich i księży katolickich z okolic Gostynia stworzyła Instytut Gostyński (szpital i sierociniec). Najbardziej aktywny działacz, Edmund Bojanowski z Grabonoga, zbudował także sieć ochronek dla dzieci wiejskich. Dla wsparcia wyżej wymienionych inicjatyw Bojanowski założył czasopismo literackie „Pokłosie”. W zdobywaniu materiałów, redagowaniu, korekcie i dystrybucji „Pokłosia” pomagało mu wielu ochotników; jedynymi osobami, które pobierały opłaty za swą pracę, byli wydawcy i księgarze. Najbliższym współpracownikiem Bojanowskiego był Stanisław Egbert Koźmian, krytyk i tłumacz, redaktor „Przeglądu Poznańskiego”, który dostarczał do „Pokłosia” materiały niewykorzystane w „Przeglądzie”, nie tyle słabsze, ile nieodpowiadające konserwatywnemu profilowi pisma. Przyjęto zasadę, że „Pokłosie” publikuje tylko pierwodruki i przez cały czas pismo zachowywało wysoki poziom. Noworocznik miał urozmaiconą zawartość, ponieważ publikowali w nim autorzy reprezentujący różne prądy literackie i orientacje polityczne. Za przyczynę zaprzestania wydawania „Pokłosia” uznać należy zarówno problemy finansowe, jak i narastające represje polityczne w prowincji, utrudniające wydawanie publikacji w języku polskim.
2
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Speranza i Mickiewicz

100%
EN
This article researches the translations of two Adam Mickiewicz’s ballads published in Ireland by Lady Wilde (known under the pen-name Speranza), both versions probably unknown to Polish scholars. Simultaneously, it is a case study for exploring nineteenth-century lesser known Victorian poetry, retrieved from both traditional and electronic sources, from a librarian’s point of view. Two ballads: Czaty (The Waivode) and Trzech Budrysów (Three Sons of Budris) were first published in The Nation, December 1848, as anonymous poems “from Russian”. Subsequently, they were published in anthologies, with the same misleading information on the original language, at one time attributed to Pushkin. Lady Wilde was credited as their translator. Lady Wilde very likely wrote her own version of the poems that she had found either in English, French or Italian. A hypothesis is suggested that she used a translation from Pushkin, who published Mickiewicz’s poems in Russia without credits to the Polish author because of censorship. The present author searched for the material at the National Library o f Ireland and at the Trinity College Library, Dublin. It appears that electronic sources were useless in this case, except for the initial discovery of the poems in digitized books online. It appears that nineteenth-century poetry in digitized periodicals and databases such as the Wellesley Index to Victorian Periodicals, is usually not indexed. Hopefully, this can be improved in the future.
3
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Jadwiga Drukarczyk

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