The theoretical background of the parents–teachers relation is systemic approach. It is the basis for a critical analysis of the pedagogization idea, treated as instructive interaction. Expert interaction between parents and teachers was proposed. The proposal of those relations based on the healing orientation by K. Ludewig was presented at the end of the article. The practical aim is to generate reflection and eventually activities to implement the particular suggestions in teachers’ pedagogical work.
The aim of the article is to give some systemic approach proposal as a base to educational offer. Poor relation between parents and teachers at Polish schools is a fact. Political and social-cultural changes, or taking into consideration different criteria – globalization and digitalization changes, caused transformation of parents – teachers relations. According to recent research, they are dissatisfying, rare, disappointing and frustrating for both parties. They are not an important element of school politics for directors of educational institutions. It is worth to start changes at local level, they may in the future cause global changes – in this case meaning countrywide changes. Good practices must be based on good theories.
PL
Celem artykułu jest zaproponowanie wykorzystania podejścia systemowego – jako zasadnego dla tworzenia oferty edukacyjnej. Niesatysfakcjonująca relacja rodzice – nauczyciele/nauczycielki w polskiej szkole jest częstą rzeczywistością. Zmiany polityczne, społeczno-kulturowe czy też wynikające z cyfryzacji i globalizacji przyczyniły się również do zmian w relacjach rodzice – nauczyciele. Zgodnie z najnowszymi badaniami są one niezadowalające, rzadkie, przynoszące rozczarowanie i frustrację z obu stron. Dla dyrektorów placówek oświatowych – nie są ważnym elementem polityki szkoły. Dlatego też warto zacząć zmiany – być może najpierw na poziomie lokalnym. Jeśli staną się przykładem dobrych praktyk, opartych o dobrą teorię – być może w jakimś stopniu, przyczynią się do zmian na poziomie ogólnokrajowym.
There is growing attention to findand popularize untypical forms of therapy which should help patients in hospitals, occupational facilities and clinics. The main aim of the article is to show the differences between horticultural therapy as a form of therapy and work in a garden, which can also provide therapeutic results. Comparison of different determinants was a method to outline that proper understanding of the differences may be beneficialboth for theoreticians and practitioners who use nature in order to improve their patients’ health. However, it is useful for future teachers and could play a role in the teacher education process. As a conclusion, it has been established that source literature scientificreports focus rather on potential recipients or benefitswhich come from this form of therapy, whereas basic differences between gardening and horticultural therapy have been rarely mentioned. Analysis has helped to observe that there are many factors which differentiate therapeutic work in the garden from work in the garden which can bring therapeutic effects. Performing such an analysis seems to be significantin connection with the growing popularity of centers which offer this kind of therapy, and with the emergent dilemmas concerning how it differs from gardening and whether the therapy is worth the money invested in it.
The article gives an insight into the meaning of the term “normal family” and the potential implications of its use. The modernist and the postmodernist approaches presented are supposed to contribute to a reflection on the current usefulness of this term, i.e. to what extent it describes the family and work with it. The use of the terms: norm and normal is mistaken for objectivism and neutrality. It is therefore worth considering in the context of narration about the family terms such as: healthy, functional, successful, adapting, and when using the term norm or standard, to add criteria of its description. The article first presents selected definitions of norms, then the approaches to the normal family, and the resultant conclusions. Further on the article indicates the results of preliminary analyses of statements made by students, showing their ways of defining the notion of a “normal family”. Subsequently a summary is made from the perspective of both modernism and postmodernism.
The aim of the article is to answer the question why school is not a place where psychotherapy should be conducted. Taking up this topic seems to be particularly important when the demand for specialized help - provided by the school and dedicated to students, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic increases. The article may fill a certain gap in the Polish-language literature on the subject, as there are currently no such papers. First, the basic data related to the changes in mental health caused by the pandemic in the group of children and adolescents were presented. In the next part, the specificity of the psychotherapy process is presented, taking into account scientific definitions. Then, it was pointed out why psychotherapy should not be conducted at school, and even taking it would be harmful for students. The last part presents a short outline of the proposed forms of support, which is a certain complement to the work. In the article, which is consistent with the literature on the subject, the words psychotherapy and therapy will be treated interchangeably.
PL
Celem artykułu jest udzielenie odpowiedzi na pytanie, dlaczego szkoła nie jest miejscem, w którym powinno prowadzić się psychoterapię. Podjęcie tego tematu wydaje się być szczególnie istotne w momencie wzrostu zapotrzebowania na specjalistyczną pomoc – świadczoną przez szkołę, a dedykowaną uczniom, w kontekście pandemii COVID-19. Artykuł może wypełnić pewną lukę w polskojęzycznej literaturze przedmiotu, ponieważ aktualnie brak jest prac o tym temacie. W pierwszej kolejności przedstawiono podstawowe dane związane ze zmianami, jakie w zakresie zdrowia psychicznego w grupie dzieci i młodzieży spowodowała pandemia. W dalszej części zaprezentowano specyfikę procesu psychoterapii, z uwzględnieniem definicji naukowych. Następnie wskazano, dlaczego w szkole nie należy prowadzić psychoterapii, a nawet jej podejmowanie byłoby szkodliwe dla uczniów. W ostatniej części przestawiono krótki zarys proponowanych form wsparcia, stanowiący pewne dopełnienie pracy. W artykule tym, co jest zgodne z literaturą przedmiotu, słowa psychoterapia i terapia traktowane są zamiennie.
The aim of the article is to answer the question why the period of the pandemic may have contributed to the increase in hypersexual behaviours in the group of adolescents, in particular in the use of pornography. First, the article presents the specificity of the adolescence period in the context of the described issue of sexuality, then, the understanding of hypersexual behaviours in accordance with the ICD11 classification that came into force in 2022. Subsequently, based on the ecological model of sexuality, it was justified why the pandemic could strengthen beyond-normative sexual behaviours in this group. Particular emphasis was placed on the activation of the dopamine reward system, which is the physiological basis for the consolidation of hypersexual behaviours in the said group.
PL
W artykule podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, z jakich powodów okres pandemii mógł przyczynić się do wzrostu zachowań hiperseksualnych w grupie adolescentów, a w szczególności korzystania z pornografii. W pierwszej kolejności zarysowano specyfikę okresu adolescencji w kontekście opisywanej kwestii seksualności, następnie - rozumienie hiperseksualnych zachowań zgodnie z zaczynającą obowiązywać w 2022 klasyfikacją ICD11. W dalszej kolejności, w oparciu o ekologiczny model seksualności uzasadniono, z jakich powodów pandemia mogła wzmocnić pozanormatywne zachowania seksualne w grupie nastolatków. Szczególny nacisk został położony na aktywizację dopaminowego układu nagrody, stanowiącego fizjologiczną bazę utrwalenia hiperseksualnych zachowań w tej grupie.
In the article the results of pilot studies concerning manifestation of sexuality in a group of children and youth with autism spectrum disorder were presented. The research is divided into two fundamental parts. In the first part – the shorter one, definitions and conceptions were outlined. The subject of sexuality and functioning of people with autism spectrum disorders regarding social behaviours was also discussed. In the second part, the findings of own studies conducted on a group of mothers of children and youth with autism spectrum disorder were presented.
Juvenescence constitutes period between infantile sexuality and sexuality of young man. Adolescence is time of discovering sexual identity, initiating new sexual behaviors and involving into intimate relationships. During this period, the forms of sexual activity are developing from less to more and more mature – from masturbation, through petting to sexual initiation. Decision of a first sexual intercourse is an important act for every person. Nevertheless, sexual initiation which is precocious, in a stage of unformed identity, can disturb psychosexual functioning of an individual causing unplanned pregnancies, leading to sexually transmissible diseases and initiating risky sexual behaviors. The causes of starting precocious sexual activity are associated with improper models of upbringing (strictness or lack of interference) as well as with distancing of youth from pedagogical or educational influences of school or church. These traditional socializing agendas are replaced with media influences and behavior patterns providing by peers. It seems that only complex acts from pedagogical and socializing backgrounds can contribute starting responsible behaviors of youth in sexual field.
The aim of the following work is to analysis the results of survey concerning the structures and conditioning of students’ political attitudes. The factors which create appreciation to two political parties, Palikot’s Movement (presently Your Movement) and Poland Comes First and their leaders, were shown. The assessment of sympathy towards the parties was made in order to nd out if it is not related with the political organizations from which the leaders come (Civic Platform and Law and Justice). The issue of emotions was also analysed since they are important elements of the attitudes, as well as they form them. The studies associated with the political attitudes improve that emotions towards the candidates have an impact on the voting process. Electors often have preconception feelings towards the candidates when they don’t know anything about their platforms. The survey shows, that Janusz Palikot is much more recognizable as the politician than Paweł Kowal. The attitudes towards his party are very emphatic and they are related with the antipathy to Law and Justice and Jarosław Kaczynski and with the sympathy to Donald Tusk, the prime minister. The analysis also suggest that the supporters of Poland Comes First create their views through the traditional socializing agendas like the social background, whereas the supporters of Janusz Palikot’s party form their views on the basis of contact with their partners, at the same time rejecting the traditional socializing institution as the church.
Despite a lot of scientific research and study, sexual education issues as an element of formal education are still considered to be a controversial subject. Those challenges, dilemmas, controversies or difficulties relate to many areas, connected both with form and organization of classes, teachers, and also (at more general level) with some ministerial indications or school management. All the above matters directly influence what sexual education classes look like and what the students’ experience is. It is disturbing that the sexual education subject at school was generally considered to be boring according to the respondents. Therefore, it has been decided to analyze why classes which are non-obligatory but important and wanted by students are considered boring and out of touch with life.
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