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The General Procurators of the Teutonic Order Towards the Polish-Teutonic Conflict

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Bar P.
Acta Poloniae Historica
|
2023
|
vol. 126
181-205
EN
The article deals with the activities of the General Procurators of the Teutonic Order regarding the Polish-Teutonic dispute in the first thirty years of the fifteenth century. Based on their dispatches sent to Marienburg, it can be assumed that the Procurators were not passive executors of the Grand Master’s orders. Their frequently occurring disagreements resulted not only from their distinctive personal qualities but also from their different perspectives on assessing what was in the best interest of the Teutonic Order. The Grand Masters lacked professional knowledge not only of law (especially canon law) but also of how the Roman curia functioned.
2
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Údajný satirický list krále Zikmunda Pražanům z podzimu 1419. Rukopisné dochování a edice

100%
Bar P.
Mediaevalia Historica Bohemica
|
2015
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vol. 18
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issue 2
163-178
EN
The study provides the first critical edition of the satirical letter intended for the Prague town councillors and burghers from the autumn of 1419. The letter is not of chancellery origin. According to the Basel copy, the author was Caspar of Lewbitz, registrator (registrar) from the chancellery of Wenceslas IV. In the introduction to the edition, it refers to the manuscript preservation, textual variations and existing inconsistent interpretation of the letter.
3
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Gdańsk Affairs at the Council of Constance (1414–1418)

100%
Bar P.
Studia z Dziejów Średniowiecza
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2018
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issue 22
7-21
PL
At first sight it might seem that the Procurator of the Teutonic Order, Peter Wormditt, had represented the interests of the Gdańsk townspeople more than the Grand Master and the Order’s leadership at Constance. In reality, what came first was the good name of the Order in the eyes of the European public. The leading representatives of the Order did not always understand, from a procurator’s perspective, the consequences and wider ramifications of their decisions concerning their subjects. Therefore, paradoxically, Wormditt’s criticisms of the Grand Master were motivated by the wish to spread and preserve the good name of the Teutonic Knights. Naturally, the Gdańsk affairs were not of such significance that they were part of the agenda of the main Council meetings. On the other hand, the Council of Constance gradually grew in importance as the town drew in representatives from nearly all of the Church hierarchy, European universities, and delegations from rulers, princes, and towns. The presence of the Roman king and his court also attracted many people from across Europe who came hoping to settle public or even private affairs. Gdańsk and its townspeople contributed, albeit slightly, to the fact that the description of the Council of Constance as a European congress, or a Medieval global event, would appear to be entirely justified.
4
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Der „Krönungssturm“ König Sigismund von Luxemburg, Großfürst Witold von Litauen und das gescheiterte politische Bündnis zwischen beiden Herrschern

100%
Bar P.
Roczniki Historyczne
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2017
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vol. 83
PL
Artykuł dotyczy sporów o planowaną koronację wielkiego księcia litewskiego Witolda (1429-1430). Zawiera analizę dokumentu koronacyjnego (krytyczną edycję w aneksie), instrukcji dla wysłanników króla rzymskiego na Litwę oraz identyfikację osób wchodzących w skład delegacji. Autor podkreśla znaczenie przewidzianej koronacji księcia Witolda jako podstawy do zawarcia sojuszu politycznego pomiędzy Litwą a krajami związanymi z królem Zygmuntem. The paper deals with the dispute around the planned coronation of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Vytautas (1429-1430). It contains an analysis of the coronation document (with its critical edition in the appendix), instructions for the envoys of the Roman King to Lithuania, and identification of members of the legation. The author stresses the importance of the expected coronation of Duke Vytautas as the foundation for a political alliance between Lithuania and the countries related to King Sigismund.
5
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Protihusitská propaganda v písemnostech Zikmunda Lucemburského. Definice – dochování – texty

100%
Bar P.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2016
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vol. 114
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issue 3
614-651
EN
This study contributes to the research on anti-Hussite propaganda and on the policies of Sigismund of Luxembourg. The subject of analysis is represented by Sigismund’s writings and correspondence (diplomas, public and private letters) which contain to varying degrees several propaganda passages. From the viewpoint of form and content and compared to the papal and imperial anti-Hussite campaigns, these passages do not represent a novelty if not for the fact that their formulations were determined by the political interest of Emperor Sigismund. It manifested itself through a variety of nuances depending on the type of environment for which the documents were intended for – whether the Catholic (both in the Czech lands and the Empire) or the Hussite. For Emperor Sigismund these propaganda texts fulfilled two roles – on the one hand they presented him as the defender of Catholic orthodoxy and of the Church, while on the other hand they justified his own policies against the Hussites.
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