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EN
The study, using data from the Polish FADN 2012, discusses the problem of the influence of attitudes farm production on set-aside land. The analysis showed that the type of farming household has an effect on leaving land without cultivation. The biggest problem concerns the set-aside land holdings belonging to the two types of farming, ie. „Horticultural crops” and „Permanent crops”. Land set aside in the possession of these types of farms in the reporting year accounted for nearly 2/3 (65.4%) of fallow land in Poland. The smallest percentage of fallow agricultural land were no crops on farms specialized in the dairy cows.
EN
The paper discusses the problem of the impact of attitude on the production of farm land ownership structure, ie. share of leased land. Used for this purpose a database accumulated by the Institute of Agricultural Economics and Food Economy National Research Institute in Warsaw within the Polish FADN system. It has been shown, among other things, that the share of agricultural leased land in the course of agricultural activities in the farm is heavily dependent on its orientation, or attitude manufacturing. Most leasing land not owned by agricultural producers who are holders of farms focused on field crops. The share of leased land in these farms is over 35%. The smallest share of the acquired land lease touches holdings in the type of “horticulture” and “permanent crops”. It can be assumed that increasing the scale of production through an increase in farm size especially by the lease has become increasingly necessary for its effective management.
EN
The paper discusses the problem of land lease depending on the setting of production in Poland and in EU countries. Compared to farms in three types, ie., “Field crops”, “Dairy cows” and “Granivores”. The analysis covered the period 2005-2009. It has been proved that Polish farms regardless of the type of production are the least dependent on the lease of land although the area of land leased from year to year increases slightly in them. Most land not owned farm is owned by the French farms, where the share of leased land in comparison with the Polish farms is three times larger.
EN
The paper presents the most important changes in the surface and structure of sown crops, livestock, and consumption of selected food products in Poland in 2000-2010. In the period decreased cultivation area and participated in area sown crops such as vegetables, potatoes and sugar beet, and the population of all groups of livestock, except poultry population. In contrast, the share in the structure of sown cereals, mainly maize for grain and silage and rapeseed cultivation area although two of the five major cereals (wheat and rye) decreased. Area and share of leguminous plants is maintained at a constant level (only 0.4% of the crop structure). In agriculture selects the same strong tendency for growing groups of plants and livestock do not require significant work.
EN
In this work the problem of the influence of the organization of production in the various provinces in Poland at the level of sustainability of farming. It was determined based on the balance of soil organic matter using the coefficients degradation and reproduction resulting from crops, manure, and the value resulting from any plowing straw. The basis for the analysis was the GUS data from 2013. The overall balance of soil organic matter on average in Poland was negative and in case of actual use of manure was – 0.27 t/ha, and if he was used a whole bunch of manure produced by the animals would be – 0.15 t/ha. To counterbalance the negative balance was necessary plowing straw in the amount of 1,5 t/ha or 0,8 t/ha, depending on the quantity introduced into the soil manure. In five provinces, ie. malopolskie, swietokrzyskie, mazowieckie, podkarpackie and podlaskie, with actual consumption plowing straw manure produced on farms, less consumption of animal is not able to provide a positive balance of soil organic matter.
EN
The paper provides production results of horticultural farms in Poland broken down into FADN regions. The analysis is based on data coming from agricultural holdings collected within the Polish FADN in 2010 accounting year. The study shows significant differences in crops output in horticultural farms amongst FADN regions. It was to a great degree due to crops structure in those farms, mainly utilized agricultural area out of production but also due to climate conditions and quality of soil. The highest crops output was observed in horticultural farms in the region Wielkopolska i Slask. In other regions i.e. Pomorze i Mazury, Mazowsze i Podlasie and Malopolska i Pogorze crops output were respectively by 55, 64 and 61% lower.
EN
In this paper, using data developed in the Statistical Yearbook of agriculture from 2012 and 2013 was presented to the surface and the structure of land use in Poland in the European Union countries, as well as the structure of sown on arable land. In the case of land use compared data from 2000 with data from 2010. It shows, among other things Polish leading position in terms of area of agricultural land, mainly arable land. The area of arable land in Poland in 2010 represented 10.3% of arable land countries of UE as France, Spain and Germany in this regard our country placed the fourth. In 2010, compared to 2000 in most EU countries there has been a reduction in the area of agricultural area. The decrease was mainly to limit the areas of arable land. In the three countries of UE, ie. Austria, Poland and the UK share of cereals in crop structure on arable land exceeded deemed admissible participation amounting to 66%.
EN
In the work the problem of changes in the use of various types of grain for grazing, which is the main direction of the use of the grain. We analyzed 2008-2012, compared to season 1999/2000. The biggest changes in the structure of grain intended for grazing on the following cereal species: rye, triticale and corn and wheat, which over the years analyzed in the structure grains fell from 2nd place in season 1999/2000 to 3rd place on average in 2008-2012. These changes are the result of changes in population of different groups of livestock, ie. decrease in the number of pigs and a substantial increase in livestock, poultry and needs of these groups of animals on the species of grain. Currently, the energy contained in the grain eaten covers 56.8% of the energy to be delivered to animals, while in 2000 this coverage accounted for 65.9%. It can be concluded that feeding animals move away from grain to other fodder, eg. legumes and rapeseed meal.
EN
The authors analyse the political dialogue regarding wolf protection between pro-nature nongovernmental organizations, hunters and politicians in Poland. Despite strong pressure of hunting lobbies legal status of the wolf has changed significantly, from animal heavily persecuted after Second World War to species strictly protected in whole country since 1998. In 21st century opposition towards wolf protection is fuelled by hunters and politicians connected with them. The analysis shown that strong voice of non-governmental organizations is needed to sustain wolf protection in Poland.
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