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W celu rozpoznania zbiorowości wieloletnich świadczeniobiorców korzystających pomocy społecznej przeprowadzono badanie empiryczne. Zostali nim objęci wszyscy korzystający nieprzerwanie przez 10 lat (1992-2001) ze wsparcia udzielanego przez ośrodki pomocy społecznej w obecnym jednym powiecie. Badanie polegało na wypełnieniu przez pracowników socjalnych odpowiednich wykazów (rejestrów), do których dane zostały zaczerpnięte z dokumentacji źródłowej ośrodków. Następnie opracowano zestawienia sumaryczne. (abstrakt oryginalny)
EN
In order to know a level, structure, scale and reasons of social welfare, a survey in the Ostrów Wielkopolski poviat has been conducted. As families (and persons) which are depended on social welfare, accepted these families which permanently benefit by various forms of social welfare not less then 10 years (in the period of 1992-2001), As a result of survey there were calculated 987 social welfare long-term families (14,0% of general number of families covered by social welfare system). There were calculated 3977 member of these families (about 2,5% of poviat inhabitants). Among the families (persons) which wanted to use a various forms of social welfare there were calculated 76,3% of woman. In these families a share of children was estimated at 56,9%, disabled persons - 21,8% and unemployment persons - 21,3%. As a condition justifying a permanent social welfare there were indicated: unemployment (26,6%), disability (20,2%) and poverty (22,9%). (original abstract)
EN
This article evaluates the discrepancies in the distribution of household income in selected European States. The article focuses on the analysis of Gini coefficient before and after taxation and social transfers in selected European States as well as it analyses the impact of taxation and social transfers on discrepancies in household income in selected States. The results show that with regard to absolute values discrepancies in household income are largely reduced by taxation and social transfers in Austria, Belgium, Germany and Finland, as to relative values: in Belgium, Austria, Finland and Slovenia while they are the least reduced, with regard to both absolute and relative values, in Iceland, Switzerland, Greece and the Netherland.
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