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Problem pomocy dla Afryki w okresie prezydentury Geaorge'a W. Busha juniora

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Kumelska M.
Forum Politologiczne
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2011
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vol. 12 - Problemy bogactwa i biedy we współczesnej Afryce
306-323
EN
The main objective of this paper was to present the problem of aid to Africa during the presidency of George W. Bush junior. This paper states about different types of American aid such as humanitarian, economic and military. It also focuses on innovative programs for instance The President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, Malaria Initiative, and Debt Relief, which the administration of George W. Bush established during his two terms. The foreign policy of the administration of George W. Bush in Africa transformed millions of lives in this continent and was the main success of the whole George W. Bush junior presidency.
2
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Afrykańskie ubóstwo w polityce Unii Europejskiej

100%
Zajączkowski K.
Forum Politologiczne
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2011
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vol. 12 - Problemy bogactwa i biedy we współczesnej Afryce
269-304
EN
It is evident how disproportions between the underdeveloped South and economically developed countries have been increasing over time, especially seen in the context of processes of globalisation and internationalisation of contemporary international relations. At present it is impossible to give a reasonable, informed answer to the question whether those countries have a chance to overcome their development barriers. Still, the task of solving the problems is also a challenge faced by the entire international community and it undoubtedly influences the EU’ external policy. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the essence of the European Union's development policy. It scrutinizes the principles and functioning of the EU development policy as well as its challenges and obstacles. The author presents also the role and position of Poland in shaping EU policy outside Europe has been also presented. The author specifies the main challenges facing Polish foreign policy towards developing countries. The article aims to verify the assumption that the 1990s and early 21st century marked a significant revaluation of the European Union's development Policy towards Africa. On one hand, EU development policy is becoming more crucial and comprehensive in character. On the other hand, the current premises of EU development policy do not fully match the real needs of African (developing) countries.
3
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Interwencjonizm czy wolny rynek? Spory wokół współczesnej pomocy rozwojowej dla Afryki

100%
Klin T.
Forum Politologiczne
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2011
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vol. 12 - Problemy bogactwa i biedy we współczesnej Afryce
201-232
EN
The article presents a contemporary dispute about the development aid for Africa. In the first part a short history of this problem has been described, and general assumptions of the paper have been pointed out. The next part refers to arguments for development assistance. They have been divided into three groups: moral, economic, and political. The same pattern has been applied to the arguments against development aid. These middle parts of the article base on works made by famous scientists (especially economists): Jeffrey Sachs, William Easterly, Dambisa Moyo, Joseph Stiglitz, Paul Collier, and others less known authors, as well as on international financial institutions’ official documents. Afterwards, changes in the real development assistance given for Africa have been pointed out. For instance, Western powers (USA, Great Britain, France and Germany) became the main donors, whereas Japan lost this position. Although only a few developed states keep the commitment of giving 0,7% of the GDP for developing countries, the main assumption of the Millennium Development Goals has been put into practice: development aid has been more than doubled. Additionally, the article refers to the thesis about Africa as the region receiving the most financial resources from development assistance. Conclusions contain an allegation about Africa as the biggest (the most populated) region in need of aid, because it receives less than Middle East and some Oceanic countries, if per capita calculation is applied. Besides, certain common points in the dispute are noticeable: both parties agree that the most effective improvements should be sent to African countries, little part of assistance might be got by governments instead of lower subjects, and local conditions should be more applied while aid giving. There is a rhetorical conclusion at the end: it is difficult to argue completely against development aid for Africa, living in Poland which is a great beneficiary of financial resources within the European Union.
4
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Growth effect of aid and its volatility: An individual country study in South Asian economies

88%
Bhavan T., Xu C., Zhong C.
Business and Economic Horizons
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2010
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vol. 3
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issue 3
1-9
EN
This paper empirically investigates the growth effect associated with aid and its volatility during the period 1995-2008 in the case of five South Asian economies. The aid is classified into short impact, long impact and humanitarian aid. We obtained results for each of the country by employing two-stage least squares method. The results suggest that gross aid is positively associated with growth rate where as its volatility negatively effects growth rate South Asian countries. Short impact and long impact aid positively effect on growth rate whereas respective aid volatilities have negative affects on all the economies, excluding at least one country in each case. Humanitarian aid and its volatility have mixed results. Thus, we come to a conclusion that, aid and aid volatility have strong association with growth rate in the South Asian countries, but varies considerably from country to country in terms of magnitude of effect and in relation to the growth rates
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