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EN
A comprehensive proposal for recognition of cognitive prerequisites of environmental ethics is offered. The author argues that the cognitive approach makes it possible to discuss contents of the minds in non-human organisms, and then he goes on to show that this observation supports an important claim in the scope of environmental philosophy that we can assign to these organisms the power of making unconscious evaluations. By way of analogy the author then holds that human organisms frequently make unconscious evaluations, too, and as a result of that they are prone to form unconscious representations of values. This procedure is supported by an analysis of similarities between the patterns of processing information in the mind and the course of the evolution of biological systems. From this discussion the author draws the conclusion that it is justifiable to contend that nature, conceived generally, has the power of making evaluations.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2007
|
vol. 62
|
issue 8
675-685
EN
The article deals with the human values and ethical aspects as related to the sustainability and quality of life. Sustainability and higher quality of life should not only mean the simple biological survival, reducing human being to a spiritless creature or a materialistic, pragmatic and/or technocratic construct. Being inspired by the ideal of humanism and influenced by the environmental ethics, sustainable living should be the one based on harmony and on environmentally friendly satisfying of all relevant needs. Sustainable living should satisfy the human expectations, and endorse such a use of the human resources, which would not endanger the protection and restoration of the natural resources. The article deals with the above-mentioned aspects from the theoretical, as well as practical points of views, making use of the ideas coming from different research fields.
EN
Tourism has become one of the most popular leisure activities and the number of tourists has increased remarkably in recent years. UNWTO forecast further development of this sector, predicting that the number of in international arrivals will reach nearly 1.6 billion by the year 2020. Growth in the number of tourists poses serious threat to the environment. The way to solve this problem is introducing more sustainable approach into this sector. The concept of sustainability was recently introduced into tourism and we can already notice many good practices. The article focuses on presenting the concept of sustainable tourism, its key objectives and main characteristics, cases of its application, challenges connected with more sustainable approach to tourism. Sustainable tourism is presented as the solution for environmental and social problems caused by intensified touristic activity.
EN
The author tries to make an attempt to define the term „ecologism” because of its equivocality. For ones authors it is an idea, which has to be include to life to protect people and the world before extermination, whereas for others it is a contemporary variety of an ideology which could be quite dangerous for a man. The author defines it treating ecologism as a new political stream near to conservatism, liberalism and socialism. Taking into consideration the philosophical and ethical categories using in the environmental philosophy the author explains that ecologism should be connected with the anthropocentric model for environmental ethic, than it will not be dangerous for a man. This ethical stream can also be...with the paradigm of balanced development.
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