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EN
The issues addressed in the title of the work have been exemplified with Jan Simonides’s travelogue Incarceratio, liberatio et peregrination. The text is an exemplar of the dramatic experience of Slovak Protestants in 1674-1675, following by their liberation and forced emigration lasting till 1682. Unfortunately, the original text by Simionides from 1676 has been not maintained. It was edited down by Josef Minarik from eighteenth-century copies as Imprisonment, liberation and peregrination of Jan Simonides and his comrade Tobias Masnik. Referring to the epoch documents, letters, notes and authentic surnames and taking into account the chronicle requirements – strict dating and narrative time division according to the sequence of events, Simonides gives a recipient a sense of authenticity. He is not blind to his own confession but he is interested in dissimilarities. Although he most often uses a collective subject, paradoxically, he gives a recipient his individual experience.
EN
The essay explains which rhetoric means accompanied the media of confessional disciplination and confrontation at the end of the 16th century. It is based on funeral sermons from the Bohemian milieu in the period preceding the Bohemian Revolt. The essay defines the most frequent themes through which the own as well as the foreign confessions were presented in the funeral services and divides rhetoric techniques used in funeral services according to their intensity and verbal aggression. The most aggressive type of statements includes comparisons of the own (meaning the true) catechism and the foreign (false, fallacious, heretic) catechism and denial of salvation to its adherents.
Teologia i Moralność
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2015
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vol. 10
|
issue 2(18)
117-136
EN
The  article  is  an  attempt  to  describe  the  attitude  toward  the  sacrament  of  penance. A questionnaire-based survey carried out on the group of 65 people provided some basic information, including their practical approach to the confession. It has been proved that a highdegree of declared religiousness often does not go hand in hand with practicing of this sacrament because as much as 1/4 of the respondents goes to confession rarely or sporadically. Almost 20% of the group spends little or no time on the examination of conscience and a prayer before the confession. Moreover, the motivation, difficulties and the opinion on how confession influences life, were also diagnosed. It turned out that in many cases there is a noticeable connection between the answers and sex, place of living (urban or rural area), age and level of education. The analysis showed that there is a considerable degree of individualism and selectiveness in attitude toward the sacrament of penance and reconciliation so it is necessary to realize again the need and under- standing of it, especially among men and young people.
PL
Artykuł jest próbą opisania postawy wobec sakramentu pokuty. Badanie ankietowe zostały przeprowadzone na grupie 65 osób. Jeden z aspektów dotyczył praktycznego podejścia osób badanychpraktycznego sakramentu pokuty i pojednania. Wykazano, że wysoki stopień deklarowanej religijności często nie idzie w parze z praktykowania tego sakramentu.
XX
The ecumenical movement stressed the need for social commitment from the very beginning. In the last decade, this has been reflected in the harsh criticism of the capitalist social order. The article discusses selected critical ecumenical interpretations of capitalism: the Accra Confession by the World Communion of Reformed Churches (2004), the economy of life programme by the World Council of Churches, and the ecumenical project of radicalizing Reformation (2014). It aims to demonstrate convergences in the theological and philosophical assumptions of the approaches discussed. It also asks the question about the similarities between the presented ecumenical reflections and the teaching of Pope Francis.
EN
The article discusses some problems of public law, contained in the text of hand written document called A Rite of Confession from the collection of library of the nunnery of the Holy Trinity and the Savior in Wojnowo (Poland). Because the Old Believers did not recognize the jurisdiction of state authorities, considering the authorities as the embodiment of the Antichrist, all aspects of social life of the Old Believer’s community were governed by the provisions of ancient Byzantine canon law from Nomocanon and by traditional norms of ethics. The penalty for each offense was determined by confessor and could be defined by dint of the text of A Rite of Confession.
6
70%
EN
A clergyman is a beneficiary of messages communicated to him by the faithful of his community. The messages come from confession, but also from alternative sources, like pastoral conversations. The faithful tell their priest about difficult matters concerning them and ask for advice. The Canon Law guarantees the seal of confession and the right of the faithful to have their intimacy respected. The Polish law acknowledges and tolerates the fact of the seriousness of messages communicated to a clergyman and discharges the latter from the duty of making a statement at the court. However, the question of protection of the same messages by other people remains open to interpretation. Third parties can participate in confessions or in pastoral conversations, even if by chance. For the sake of the aim of the legal rule, which was accepted by the legislator, such people should also enjoy the same tolerance of the law.
EN
In Joseph Conrad’s novel Under Western Eyes (1911), Razumov is a kinless university student in St. Petersburg who involuntarily becomes the government’s agent as regard to espionage because of an unwelcome visit from the revolutionist student Haldin. This paper makes use of C.T. Watts’ article “Under Western Eyes: The Haunted Haunts” published in 2008 as a framework to investigate Razumov’s psychological journey: beginning with his decision to betray Haldin through to the consequential action of making a confession to the latter’s sister, Nathalie. Watts’ article explores both the haunting and exorcist aspects of the novel upon its author, characters and, possibly. the reader. The article primarily focuses on how Conrad’s novel intentionally mimics Crime and Punishment (1866). Several aspects of the narrative reveal to us that Conrad failed in avenging the haunting effect Fyodor Dostoyevsky’s work had upon him. In this paper, the rationale behind Razumov’s confession will be investigated in understanding how both physical and mental exhaustion stimulate moral struggles and alter one’s assumed ideology. Emphasis will be made on the transformation of Razumov in terms of the effect of acquiring domestic connections and arriving in different geographical locations as the plot complicates.
EN
This article analyses John Banville’s novel Shroud as the protagonist’s autobiography which both follows and resists the confessional mode. Axel Vander, an ageing famous academic and champion of deconstruction, faces the necessity to confront his real self, although he spent his entire academic life contesting the concept of authentic selfhood. Alluding to the infamous case of Paul de Man, whose deconstructionist theories have been reinterpreted in the light of the revelation of his disgraceful wartime past, Banville’s novel presents a man who veers between the temptation to fall back on his theories in order to uphold a lifelong deception, and the impulse to reveal the truth and achieve belated absolution. The article examines Vander’s narrative as an attempt at a truthful account of his life, combined with the conflicting tendency to resist self-exposure. Despite the protagonist’s ambivalent and selfcontradictory motivations, his account of his life belongs to the category of confessional writing, with its accompanying religious connotations. It is argued that the protagonist’s public denial of authentic selfhood is linked to his private evasion of moral culpability.
PL
The article attempts to reconstruct various pastoral models that appeared in the history of the Russian Orthodox Church over several centuries. The author identifies several "images" of confession, which are very different, among them: the realization of "despotical" power in a "confessional" family of the sixteenth century, the fulfillment of conscription, deeply personal interaction based on mutual trust and the value of a hierarchical aspect, counseling under the guidance of a "parish elder". The state, depending on the circumstances, either embeds the pastor in itself as a necessary part of its own mechanism, or considers the priesthood as a foreign element, or completely distances itself from religious affairs. The author suggests that the “types” of confession presented in the article can be compared with the forms of pastoral self-consciousness to be found in the modern life of the church. This in turn suggests that in the Russian Church today is characterized by the search for pastoral identity, in which the priesthood plays a key role.
10
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Spowiedź w czasach Reformacji

70%
EN
Confession, understood as confession and forgiveness of sins, is one of the most interesting phenomena of the church. The article presents the results of research concerning the confession at the time of the Reformation, theology of the Lutheran symbolical books in particular. The dynamics of Luther’s and Melanchthon’s theological reflection on the role, form and the person of the administrator of confession was shown. Confession’s functions as a necessary condition for preparing the believers for participation in the Lord’s Supper and a significant factor in pastoral work were also brought into focus. The author reminds that the Reformation restored the rite of general confession to the church, without resigning from the individual confession, the course of which was reconstructed based on the “Small Catechism” and Lutheran iconography from the 16th and the beginning of the 17th century.
EN
The emphasis on the human person and his dignity was significantly applied in the new regulation of the law of consecrated life, which is dealt with in the new Code of Canon Law of 1983 in integrum compared to the previous Code of Canon Law of 1917. This paper describes only some of the changes in the law of religious institutes in the Latin Church.The first section regards mainly the person who has taken religious vows and focuses on the question of religious vows as the basis of religious life. It also discusses confessors viewed as a necessary tool for the renewal of religious life as well as modifications in the concept of poverty as a very important element of religious life. The second section focuses on the government of religious institutes, discussing the strengthened position of internal superiors over external superiors in religious congregations, the strengthened position of the superior of monasteries of nuns, and the extended powers of superiors on release from a religious institute due to illegitimate absence from a religious house.As this is in some cases a very recent legal regulation, the author does not hesitate to express his critical observations.
EN
Franciszek Grudniok’s writings show several aspects of Christian life. Saying prayers and conducting religious practices, which lead to holiness in everyday life, are the major ones. A prayer is described as the foundation of Christian life. Listening to the Word of God and obeying it in everyday life is a special kind of prayer. The author presents a great value of the Word of God in the course of Christian development. An important aspect in Christian life is proper experience of Eucharist and confession as the basic sacraments. These two factors let people develop spiritual life. Next, the paper presents Grudniok’s view on human suffering. It is shown as a kind of mystery which is difficult to describe. The topic was familiar to Franciszek Grudniok. He wanted to present suffering as a treasure of spiritual life. Finally, several forms of spiritual life suggested by Franciszek Grudniok to lay persons are presented. Spirituality of St. Mary, Eucharistic spirituality as well as the spirituality of various Saints are shown in the paper.
EN
This paper presents the assumptions of linguistic poetics, a direction that combines – in a curricular manner – the research on poetry and interpretation of poetic works with an analysis of language uses in a statement. It presents the role played by M.R. Mayenowa in shaping this stream in the Polish literary studies seeking support in linguistics and enumerates the most significant curricular studies and linguistic concepts employed in analyses of the represented world of poetry as “the world behind words”. The enclosed analysis of the lyric by Urszula Kozioł Jest mi miałko… (I’m feeling bland...) is an illustration of the methodology presented here. It shows the sense-creative capabilities of language activated in a description of an unusual state of the lyrical I of the poem–confession, who is experiencing elusive feelings that are hard to express. The whole complex organisation of the poetic statement serves the purpose of outlining these unique experiences and the evoked senses can be reached only through an in-depth analysis of the language uses in the text.
EN
The article is dedicated to the study of the religious problems of Vs. S. Solovyov’s historical novel “The Princess of Ostrog”, the central plot conflict of which is an open struggle between the Orthodoxy and the Catholicism that broke out in the 16th century in The Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth. In the process of analysing the designated aspect of the text the author comes to the conclusion that the images of Konstantin, Halshka and Beata Ostrozhsky considered in the paper are a clear embodiment of the three possible life aspirations of the people who lived in the era recreated by the author: the struggle for the Orthodoxy in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania; asserting one’s right to profess the Orthodoxy; propaganda of the Catholicism.
EN
The aim of this paper is to consider how a priest could contribute to the healing of those who are burdened with the crime of induced abortion. The response of the Catholic Church towards this issue, throughout the centuries, deserves to be discussed on the basis of some relevant facts. The topic concerns not only moral theology and canon law but it is also the object of research of modern psychology. A confessor, confronted with procured abortion, should reflect seriously on which type of penance will be a real spiritual medicine for his penitent. This study would like to present some examples. It reflects the actual status quo in some selected dioceses concerning the forum internum. The paper will conclude with some proposals to address such situations.
CLEaR
|
2016
|
vol. 3
|
issue 1
10-26
EN
In his influential essay “Tradition and the Individual Talent,” T. S. Eliot emphasizes the significance of tradition as well as the inevitability of the present talent of the artist. He argues that every artist has his own original and individual themes and techniques that separate him from and link him with his predecessors at the same time. Anne Sexton, the Confessional American woman poet, is a good example that proves this everlasting notion of the allusion to “the dead poets” of the past together with the inevitable existence of the innovative original talent of the poet. Chiefly, Sexton is labeled “Confessional” and is compared with the most remarkable Confessional poets. However, the Confessional mode is not a new movement; it has its roots in the British tradition of the Metaphysical lyrics. It is also manifest in the American tradition of Puritan Poetry. Moreover, Confessional themes and techniques can be seen in the poetry of some Modernists. Meanwhile, Anne Sexton’s exceptional Confessional “individual talent” makes her a unique Confessional poet: the uncommon imperfect raw confessions, the unconventional bold sexual imagery, the fearful and astonishing religious symbols and the excessive degrees of “impersonality” are all characteristic examples of Sexton’s creative Confessional art.
17
61%
Polonia Sacra
|
2021
|
vol. 25
|
issue 1
EN
The presence of a significant number of people with mental disorders among the faithful of the Catholic Church requires in-depth pastoral reflection on how to approach their needs. They form a specific group in society, as they are endowed with special sensitivity and above-average needs of spiritual care. The Church strives to support such people by constantly calling for care and sensitivity to their presence in various environments. This article attempts to conceptualize the specificity of mental disorders in the context of the sacrament of penance and reconciliation. Moreover, a set of operating principles has been suggested that will enable people affected by mentioned above disorders to experience the sacrament properly.
PL
Obecność dużej liczby osób z zaburzeniami psychicznymi wśród wiernych Kościoła katolickiego wymaga pogłębionej refleksji duszpasterskiej na temat podejścia do nich. Są obdarzeni szczególną wrażliwością i ponadprzeciętnymi potrzebami duchowej opieki. Kościół stara się wspierać takich ludzi, kształtując wrażliwość na ich obecność w różnych środowiskach i wzywając do objęcia takich osób opieką. Artykuł stanowi konceptualizację specyfiki zaburzeń psychicznych w kontekście sakramentu spowiedzi i zaproponowano w nim zestaw zasad działania umożliwiających jej właściwe przeżycie przez te osoby.
PL
The article consists of two major parts. Part one is devoted to the reconstruction of the relationships between the domain of discourse and the domain of education in the semantic field of the term “educational discourse”. Based on the analysis of two types of sources (empirical research and the lexicon of contemporary pedagogics), a constellation of functional, thematic, genre and ontological links is shown. In the second part of the article, a reflection on the last of the approach is developed. Referring to Foucault’s lectures at the Collège de France in 1979-1980 period, the potential of the category of alethurgy and confession as research instruments of pedagogy and discursive practice is shown.
PL
The article covers the antithesis of positive and negative knowledge and its projection on the field of language. By the example of the Sermon on the Mount, the thesis of non-discursive nature of word and its contrasting to speech is affirmed. In connection with the antithesis under consideration, such questions of phenomenology are addressed as embodiment of meaning in a word, essential irrelevance of existing institutions and instances of the language. Distinction is made between authentic appeal and institutional methods of identification presented in nominal discourse.
PL
The paper is a continuation of a series of publications by the author on the poetics of A. Cantemir’s satires and is devoted to the interpretation of satires through the prism of speech modes – in particular, the mode of the sermon. The sermon is considered exclusively from an artistic point of view: as a speech of the consultative type (according to Aristotle), possessing a set of its own rhetorical techniques. A successive analysis of the functions of a «sermon» in five satires makes it possible to acknowledge the long–term benefits of the interpretation of satires from the perspectives of the sermon and confession modes, along with the possibility of studying the polyphonic tone of satires.
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