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1

Rozwiązanie legislatywy w systemie parlamentarnym

100%

Małajny R. M.

Przegląd Sejmowy

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2017

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issue 2(139)

27–50

EN

It is noticeable that, while the parliament has a lot of constitutional checks against the government, the latter does not, at least directly, have such a weapon. It must avail itself of good will of the head of state and his willingness to cooperate. Two constitutional checks are in play: the dissolution of the legislature and the vetoing of the statute passed by it. The fi rst is considered a counterbalance to the procedure for exercising parliamentary responsibility by way of a motion of no confi dence. It has inhibiting effect on the legislature reducing their desire to apply this measure. Obviously, as a rule, its application leads to the immediate termination of the legislature’s mandate and necessitates the holding of a new election. It is, therefore, a measure to exert pressure on the parliament, used as a form of psychological blackmail. No MP will willingly resign from seat, especially in the face of an expensive, costly and cumbersome election campaign whose outcome is uncertain. In theory, the threat of dissolution of the legislature alone had to ensure a balance between it and the executive branch. Normally, use of this threat is enough to prevent the government from falling, because its parliamentary faction then closes ranks and ceases a revolt against its leadership. And when the threat does not work, it usually is put into effect. This measure is intended to be used as a means of resolving a fundamental confl ict between the supreme state authorities, the confl ict which has damaged their ability to cooperate. The examined instrument is sui generis a counterpoint to the vote of no confi dence, or a “deterrence.” Thus, it signifi cantly affects the functioning of the entire state system.

2

Der Vertrag zwischen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und der Volksrepublik Polen über die Grundlagen der Normalisierung ihrer gegenseitigen Beziehungen als Zäsur in der Geschichte der Bonner Republik

86%

Löhnig M.

Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica

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2020

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vol. 19

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issue 2

13-25

EN

For Poland, the "Warsaw Treaty between the Federal Republic of Germany and the People's Republic of Poland" brought legal certainty: The Polish western border was now recognized by both German states under international law. For the Federal Republic of Germany, the tough domestic political struggle for ratification of the treaty marks a turning point. The essay describes this struggle between the social-liberal government and the conservative opposition against the background of the German constitution (Basic Law), which should ensure the stability of the democratic system based on the experiences from the Weimar period. It shows how the conflict parties used instruments of the no-confidence vote and the dissolution of parliament and what role the Federal Constitutional Court (Bundesverfassungsgericht) played in this conflict: The leading decision of the court is analysed in detail. Last but not least, the surprising role of the GDR in this conflict is also examined.

3

Sztywna formuła kadencji brytyjskiego parlamentu i jej ustrojowe implikacje

72%

Pastuszko G.

Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego

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2016

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issue 2 (30)

115-132

PL

W artykule poruszona zostaje problematyka konstrukcji prawnej kadencji Izby Gmin pod rządami przepisów ustawy o sztywnej kadencji parlamentów z 2011 r. Autor dokonuje analizy przyjętych rozwiązań prawnych, wskazując na ich daleko idące konsekwencje ustrojowe. W pierwszej kolejności wyjaśnia on na czym polegała zmiana, na jaką zdecydował się brytyjski ustrojodawca w 2011 r. Następnie przedstawia skutki zniesienia dotychczasowej prerogatywy królewskiej służącej rozwiązywaniu parlamentu. W końcowej części artykułu omawia wreszcie nowe procedury rozwiązywania parlamentu, z założeniem wyeksponowania ich znaczenia dla funkcjonującego nad Tamizą konstytucyjnego systemu państwa.

EN

The article raises an issue of legal construction of cadence of the House of Commons under the regime of the Fixed-term Parliament Act 2011. The author examines the legal rules included in the bill, showing all the constitutional consequances that they trigger. First, he makes an explanation what was the change that the lawmaker has decided to apply. Second, he also depicts the results of abolishing the prerogative of monarch for dissolving parliament. Finally, he performs the new procedures on the dissolving parliament, which he makes with an assumption to put emphasis on the meaning of these rules for the constitutional system on the Thames.

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1 Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica

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1 Przegląd Sejmowy

1 Löhnig M.

1 Małajny R. M.

1 Pastuszko G.

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Rozwiązanie legislatywy w systemie parlamentarnym

Der Vertrag zwischen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und der Volksrepublik Polen über die Grundlagen der Normalisierung ihrer gegenseitigen Beziehungen als Zäsur in der Geschichte der Bonner Republik

Sztywna formuła kadencji brytyjskiego parlamentu i jej ustrojowe implikacje