Search results

1

The analysis of the level and trends of potential years of life lost due to diabetes in Poland in the years 2002-2013

100%

Papaj D., Papaj E., Beck M.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2019

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vol. 1

51-59

EN

Introduction: The industrial and socio-economic development is the direct cause of changes in major health threats in highly developed societies. Diabetes is a civilization disease and it depends on the impaired action of insulin. Together with its complications, it is a significant cause of deaths all over the world. Purpose: To assess the level and trends of potential years of life lost (PYLL) due to diabetes in Poland in the years 2002-2013. For specific purposes, it is necessary to assess the PYLL level and the dynamics of PYLL rates due to diabetes and comparison with all causes of death. Materials and Methods: The research material consists of data from generally available databases from the Polish Statistical Office. Potentially lost years of life were calculated using the method proposed by J-M Romeder. Premature deaths have been defined as deaths occurring before the age of 70. Trends in PYLL coefficients were generated by the computer program Joinpoint Regression Programme. Results: The results of the conducted analysis unambiguously indicate the increase in the PYLL ratio due to diabetes was observed in both the general population and the male population. The higher rate of PYLL growth and its much higher level in the male population, compared to the female population, point out to the fact that men die much younger because of diabetes. The dynamics of the PYLL coefficient trends connected with all causes of death indicate the reduction of premature mortality.

2

University Sports: Major Development and New Perspectives

100%

Weiss O.

Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research

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2010

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vol. 48

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issue 1

66-70

EN

New technologies, scientific findings and new or refined kinds of sport as well as national and international contests determine the image of university sports. There is no doubt that university sports are a growing area and will play an important role in the future. Their significance will increase in particular with the increase of knowledge about the positive effects of sports.Looking at social development as a whole and in its parts makes it possible to identify university sports in their present state, their dynamics and development within a context. By way of example major trends and prospects of university sports in contemporary societies will be discussed. In addition some data from empirical studies will be presented in order to underline the argumentation.

3

TRENDS OF PENSION SYSTEMS IN EUROPE

100%

Czepulis-Rutkowska Z.

Polityka Społeczna

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2016

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vol. 43

|

issue 1 (12) OLD-AGE PENSION SYSTEMS OUTSIDE EUROPE

2–3

EN

A debate on pension systems and reforms is going on in European countries for recent decades. The important factors affecting the operation of pension systems include: population aging, changes in structure of the economy, labour market activity of women and increase in globalization. The main challenges for pension systems reform are: securing the adequacy of the benefits and the financial sustainability of pension systems. The article is presenting the main trends in reforming pension systems in selected countries, Poland among them.

4

Postsekularyzm – mikro- czy megatrend?

89%

Kaczmarek J.

Przegląd Religioznawczy

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2019

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issue 4/274

EN

In my article I would like to look at the phenomenon of post-secularism from the point of view of sociological research of social trends. I generally understand post-secularism as a return to religious values and religious thinking in various areas and levels of social life. I would therefore like to ask whether post-secularism can be said to be one of the contemporary trends, and if so, what would be its characteristics and whether it can be described as a micro- or megatrend. After all, both leading microtrend researcher Mark J. Penn considered as microtrends some examples of religious revival in the USA, but also a classic reflection on megatrends John Naisbitt claimed that one of the megatrends today is the growing interest in religion.

5

The seasonal nature of tourist flows in relation to meteorological conditions as illustrated by the case of Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeship

88%

Koźmiński C., Michalska B.

Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series

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2016

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vol. 34

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issue 34

33-45

EN

The analysis is based on the materials published by the Statistical Office in Szczecin for 2000-14, presented on a monthly basis, concerning the total number of tourists (including foreign tourists) and the overnight stays. The distribution of the number of tourists and their accommodation per month and season was correlated with mean monthly values for air temperature, cloudiness and wind speed. Meteorological data for the period 2000-14, as averaged for the whole voivodeship, was obtained from four IMGW stations (Świnoujście, Koszalin, Szczecin and Szczecinek). Statistical analysis was conducted and time trends of the number of tourists and overnight stays were identified for individual months with the use of linear and polynomial regression. The seasonal nature of tourist flows was assessed by the number of tourists and accommodation provided for tourists in summer compared to winter, and spring to autumn. Air temperature and cloudiness were found to have the greatest effect on the uneven distribution of tourist numbers across a year. Each year, approximately 1.7 million tourists visit Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeship, 1.1 million of which (i.e. 66%) stay on the coast.

6

Employment and economic entities in the Polish financial sector from 2005-2016

88%

Grzywińska-Rąpca M., Markowski L.

Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics

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2018

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issue vol. 22 no. 1

79-93

EN

The article analyzes employment in the financial sector and entities conducting financial, insurance or other activities. The aim of this study is to examine employment in the financial sector at the level of provinces and registered entities of this sector using multidimensional methods of statistical analysis. The results of the classification indicate the geographical division of the country in terms of the number of financial and insurance companies. However, the high slope of the directional coefficient means a very strong, growing tendency for the Mazowieckie voivodship, characterized by a much slower trend for the Dolnośląskie, Pomorskie and Śląskie voivodships. In fact, for most of the provinces, trends indicate a statistically significant, negative development trend for the analyzed phenomenon from 2005-2016.

7

Analysis of Key Topics in the Research on Nonprofit Organizations: From Efficiency to Hybrids

88%

Vladimír H.

Littera Scripta

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2013

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vol. 2

47-58

EN

Research in the nonprofit sector is a relatively young discipline. Nonetheless, a number of research schools of thought and movements have formed over several decades, several outstanding research institutions have come into existence, and many books, articles and studies dealing with the nonprofit sector have been written. The first social science to try and understand the nonprofit phenomenon through its research methods was economics. This article analyses the causes of the interest that economists started paying to the nonpro t sector and the nonprofit form of companies. It examines how the areas of interest of the research have been changing, trying to identify causes of such changes. It demonstrates that, since its very beginning, this research has been very strongly influenced by actions taken by interest groups and has been significantly interconnected with the public policy towards the nonprofit sector. Its primary objective is to demonstrate significant shifts in the research emphases and to articulate the author's view of the tendencies in the development of the area studied.

8

Неологизми със суфикс ‑[а]джиj(а) в бъл- гарския език

88%

Георгиева [Georgieva] Ц. T.

Slavia Meridionalis

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2013

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vol. 13

EN

Neologisms with suffix -[а]джий(а) in BulgarianThe article examines the Bulgarian neologisms with suffix -[а]джий(а) in the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century. The study is carried out on a material from two Bulgarian dictionaries of neologisms. The trend to nationalization is one of the leading trends in Bulgarian. Neologizmy z przyrostkiem -[а]джий(а) w języku bułgarskimAutorka bada bułgarskie neologizmy utworzone za pomocą przyrostka -[а]джий(а) pod koniec XX oraz na początku XXI wieku. Podstawę studium stanowi materiał z dwóch słowników neologizmów w języku bułgarskim. Tendencja do nacjonalizacji jest jedną z naczelnych tendencji w języku bułgarskim.

9

Selected Impulses, Challenges and Expectations to the Future in the Automotive Industry

88%

Andrea L., Dušan S.

Littera Scripta

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2013

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vol. 1

70-81

EN

This paper deals about the mapping of possibilities to future development of the worldwide automotive industry. It is focused on the analysis of different factors that represent main trends of progress and opportunities in transformation processes on a global scale. The article presented focuses on characterization of the selected trends in automotive business that supports growth for near future. The subject of the article covers the tendencies and impulses to the development of the automotive sector. The next part of this paper describes main expectations in the eld of individual mobility and e-mobility. At the closing part of the paper is formulated the reflection that some trends considered as challenges may pose threats in terms of turbulent changes in the global automotive business. These risks, e.g. law, regulation, volatility in markets, competitors, etc., will do the most to in uence automotive markets and drive corporate performance in near future.

10

Twenty four year time trends in fats and cholesterol intake by adolescents. Warsaw Adolescents Study

88%

Charzewska J., Chwojnowska Z., Wajszczyk B., Chabros E.

Anthropological Review

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2015

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vol. 78

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issue 2

183-195

EN

The objective of this study was to determine time trends (1982–2006) in total fat intake and changes in fatty acid structure intake in adolescents from Warsaw in view of increasing prevalence of obesity. Data come from four successive surveys randomly selected samples of adolescents (aged 11–15 years old), from Warsaw region. In total 9747 pupils have been examined, with response rate varying from 55% to 87% depending on year. Surveys were done always in the spring season of the year. Food intake was assessed by using 24 hours recall method of consumption by the pupils all products, including enriched, dishes and beverages as well as diet supplements, in the last 24 hours preceding the examination. The content of energy and nutrients was calculated by means of own computer softwares (DIET 2 and 4), taking into account successive revisions of the tables of food composition and nutritional values, as well as current Polish DRI. A significant decreasing trend was found in intake of total fat, of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and cholesterol. The percentage of energy from total fat, also decreased both in boys (to 35,1%) and girls (to 33,7%), what failed to reach the desired level below 30% of energy from fat which is recommended. Also significant decrease of SFA consumption was not satisfactory enough to approach the values <10% of energy recommended as was from 13% to 15%. Decreasing trends in fat intake was not in accordance with the trend in obesity prevalence in the adolescents as average BMI is going up. To stabilize the health-oriented changes especially in the diets of adolescents, further activity is desired from professionals working with prevention of adolescents obesity.

11

Súčasné trendy vo vzdelávaní manažérov vo svete a na Slovensku

88%

Hudáková M.

Acta Scientifica Academiae Ostroviensis. Sectio A, Nauki Humanistyczne, Społeczne i Techniczne

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2012

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issue 1

193-200

SK

To čo dnes odlišuje víťazov od porazených sú vlastne informácie a znalosti. Z tohto dôvodu je manažérske vzdelávanie pre udržanie konkurencieschopnosti podniku veľmi dôležité. Efektívne výsledky a potrebná zmena vždy závisia od kvalitnej analýzy vzdelávacích potrieb a od zvolenia vhodných foriem i metód vzdelávania. Dôležité je, aby organizácie vedeli predvídať smer vývoja svojej oblasti podnikania a cielene na to pripravili svojich zamestnancov a nielen odpovedali na objavujúce sa potrebné zručnosti. Nie každá organizácia si to vie definovať. V ponuke je niekoľko vzdelávacích inštitúcii, ktoré organizáciám môžu pomôcť. Organizácia však musí mať jasne zadefinované, čo chce dosiahnuť. Pri výbere kvalitnej vzdelávacej inštitúcii treba prihliadať nielen na atraktívnosť ponuky, ale aj na serióznosť a kvalitu lektorov, na skúsenosti z tréningov. Pokiaľ má vzdelávanie získať postavenie v organizácii, ktoré mu patrí, musí byť vnímané ako dôležité a potrebné pre organizáciu, musí zabezpečiť naplnenie ich skutočných potrieb. Takýmto potrebám môže byť rozvoj, ktorý prinesie preukázateľnú pozitívnu zmenu doterajšie praxe, motivácie ľudí sa rozvíjať, zefektívniť procesy, zvýšiť produktivitu, motiváciou podporovať ostaný rozvoj, návratnosť investícii, stabilita kľúčových pracovníkov a mnoho ďalších.

EN

At present investing in human potential is considered to be the most important step for enterprise competitiveness sustainment. Therefore the top managers should consider the importance of education and its effectiveness for the enterprise. The goal of the paper is to point out to the educational methods of employees in organizations, actual trends and methods of managers' education in the world and in Slovakia. The organization changes approaching to manager’s education in fact how the real economic situation provides the innovated practices and procedures. The education change applies in the education institute and in an enterprise education itself. Presently not even in the world also in Slovakia we prioritize the methods where we can perform the natural ability and birth given ability of each member of the course. It’s very important thinking of the correct education way, furthermore, choosing the right education enterprise. The most common education way in Slovakia is taking education classes out of business place(on the job training), less common is taking „inside education program“ and finally visiting outsource training education classes. In majority the formal education and conference education are still very popular but they usage it’s very occasional. Different between winners and defeaters are in information worship and knowledge owned. Consequently, in this way the manager’s education is very important to keep the competitiveness sustainment in high level. Sufficient results and required changes depend on qualitative analysis the education needs and from suitable forms and methods of education. It’s very important if enterprise have prediction attitude in corporate business way and being able to prepare their employees.

12

TEORETYCZNE I METODYCZNE ASPEKTY ANALIZY TECHNICZNEJ

75%

Fierek M.

Przestrzeń, Ekonomia, Społeczeństwo

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2015

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issue 7/I

75-88

PL

Analiza techniczna polega na badaniu wykresów w celu szacowania przyszłego ruchu cen szeroko rozumianego instrumentu. Opiera się ona na założeniu, że ceny dyskontują wszystko. Notowania walorów zawsze znajdują się w jednym z trzech kierunków trendu tj. wzrostowym, spadkowym i horyzontalnym. Ten ostatni symbolizuje wyrównaną walkę pomiędzy podażą i popytem. W tym czasie większość narzędzi owej analizy nie spełnia swojej funkcji. Analizie technicznej służą liczne formacje, prognozujące określone przyszłe zachowanie cen. Do najważniejszych formacji należy „głowa ramiona” symbolizująca odwrócenie trendu wzrostowego na spadkowy. Istnieją również formacje zapowiadające kontynuację bieżącego trendu, jak np. trójkąt symetryczny albo chorągiewka. Inną grupą formacji są wykresy świecowe, które należą do narzędzi stosowanych w krótkim okresie.

EN

Technical analysis is about studying charts in order to estimate future price of market instruments. It’s based on assumption, which says that everything is discounted by prices. Stock quotes always belong to one of three trends – uptrend, downtrend and sideways trend. The last of them symbolizes equal fight between supply and demand. During sideways trend, most of the tools of technical analysis does not work. Technical analysis contains a large number of formations, which aim is to forecast future movements of prices. The most known formation is "head and shoulders", which symbolizes the reversal of the uptrend. There are also formations that predicts continuation of the current trend, for example there is a triangle or a flag. Another group of formations are candlestick charts - the tool which is rather used in short term.

13

Expert forecasts of the impacts of tourism trends: Assessment by polish university students

75%

Alejziak W., Szczechowicz B.

Turyzm

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2020

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vol. 30

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issue 2

51-67

EN

The purpose of the article was to establish whether a tourism student can effectively recognize tourism trends, and to achieve this aim the following research tasks were accomplished: 1) the authors identified 10 trends (and 47 impacts), concerning the transformations that have occurred in tourism in recent years and have been recognized by specialists from the European Travel Commission and the European Tourism Action Group; 2) these trends and their impacts underwent a critical evaluation by students who were given the opportunity to add other impacts (their own) to the specialist list; 3) students’ evaluations were compared to current trends identified in other academic work. The research was conducted on 95 tourism and recreation students at the University of Physical Education in Kraków and the Vistula School of Hospitality in Warsaw (formerly: Warsaw School of Tourism and Hospitality Management), in 2017/2018 and 2018/2019. The article has also presented the results of earlier research (unpublished) at two other academic centres (Rzeszow and Kielce) on 113 students, 17 lecturers and 76 travel agency employees. Together the results described in this article present the opinions of 301 respondents. It was established that students, as a group, are sufficiently effective observers of changes in the tourism market to make an appropriate contribution and, consequently, are valuable participants at brainstorming sessions. They use what they have learned during their university study, are familiar with forecasting and scenario methods, as well as taking advantage of the imagination and creativity typical of such students.

14

АКТУАЛЬНІ ПРОБЛЕМИ ЯКОСТІ ВИКЛАДАННЯ У ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКІЙ ВИЩІЙ ШКОЛІ: АНАЛІЗ ПРІОРИТЕТІВ ОСВІТНЬОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ ЄС

75%

Аліна С.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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2017

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issue 5(69)

50-65

EN

The study is devoted to highlighting the priorities of European Union policy in the sphere of higher education. On the basis of structural and logical analysis of the EU documents devoted to the problems of higher education quality, the dynamics of development of Quality Assurance strategies in teaching in HEI is characterized. The analysis of the source of the study made it clear that the issues of ensuring the quality of teaching in higher education had become the subject of cooperation between the political and academic communities of the European region from the very first days of the existence of the EU. It is revealed that the problem of the quality of higher education and teaching excellence remains relevant in modern conditions. Through the terminological analysis of the content of international and national documents on higher education, the essence of key concepts of research (quality of higher education, quality of teaching in higher school) is specified. The structure of standards for quality assurance in higher education developed and adopted by ENQA in cooperation with other regional organizations, members of the E-4 Bologna Process Group is highlighted. It is shown that the Standards outline, first of all, the context, scope, purposes and principles for Quality Assurance (QA) in the European Higher Education Area. Three dimensions of standards are defined: 1) internal (institutional); 2) external (national, supranational); 3) standards for the quality assurance agencies. The political, administrative, pedagogical and technological dimensions of the recommendations presented in the modern EU documents on QA of teaching at the higher school are outlined. The urgent directions of the updated EU agenda on QA of higher education, adopted in 2017, were found: 1) tackling future skills mismatches and promoting excellence in skills development; 2) building inclusive and connected higher education systems; 3) ensuring higher education institutions contribute to innovation; 4) supporting effective and efficient higher education systems. Conclusions are made on deepening of interpretation of the essence of the problems existing in European higher education in EU documents. The trends consist in the transition from general political rhetoric to the need to ensure the quality of the educational process to a highly professional, holistic analysis of the mechanisms for solving the problem, which includes the characteristics of the external (political, economic, social, cultural) and internal (academic) contexts of the functioning of European higher education; generalization of the positive experience of national educational systems from the problem under study; development of European Standards and Recommendations on QA; scientific and pedagogical recommendations on the application of innovative forms and teaching methods, high-tech approaches to organization of the educational process; promotion of high quality teaching and formation of a system of continuous professional development of higher school teachers.

15

TRENDY W FUNKCJONOWANIU SYSTEMÓW EMERYTALNYCH W EUROPIE

75%

Zofia Czepulis-Rutkowska Z.

Polityka Społeczna

|

2016

|

vol. 43

|

issue 11-12(512-513)

2-3

EN

A debate on pension systems and reforms is going on in European countries for recent decades. The important factors affecting the operation of pension systems include: population aging, changes in structure of the economy, labour market activity of women and increase in globalization. The main challenges for pension systems reform are: securing the adequacy of the benefits and the financial sustainability of pension systems. The article is presenting the main trends in reforming pension systems in selected countries, Poland among them.

PL

W ostatnich dziesięcioleciach w krajach europejskich trwa debata nad systemami emerytalnymi i reformami tych systemów. Ważnymi czynnikami wpływającymi na funkcjonowanie systemów emerytalnych są: starzenie się populacji, zmiany w strukturze gospodarki, aktywność na rynku pracy kobiet i globalizacja. Głównym wyzwaniem reform systemu emerytalnego jest zapewnienie adekwatności i stabilności finansowej tych systemów. W artykule przedstawiono główne tendencje w reformowaniu systemów emerytalnych w wybranych krajach, wśród nich w Polsce.

16

Ewolucja trendów i zagrożeń w konsumpcji żywności w świetle celów zrównoważonego rozwoju

63%

Wiśniewska M. Z.

Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie

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2022

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issue 1(995)

63-79

PL

Cel: Zidentyfikowanie głównych trendów i zagrożeń związanych z konsumpcją żywności oraz omówienie ich związków z 17 celami zrównoważonego rozwoju (CZR). Metodyka badań: Wykorzystano metodę analizy danych wtórnych, w tym oficjalnych raportów i statystyk, analizę krytyczną literatury przedmiotu, analizę porównawczą oraz metodę syntezy i wnioskowania logicznego. Wyniki badań: Najczęściej pojawiającymi się trendami są konsumpcja uważna i świadoma, ekokonsumpcja, foodsharing, fruganizm, freeganizm, konsumpcja spersonalizowana oraz hedonistyczna. Zauważa się też rozwój klimatarianizmu. Za główne zagrożenia uznano m.in.: coraz większe trudności związane z wyżywieniem populacji, rosnącą liczbę osób z obniżoną odpornością, zmiany klimatu, pojawienie się pandemii COVID-19 oraz innych chorób odzwierzęcych, patologie na rynku żywności, występowanie alergenów oraz brak kultury bezpieczeństwa żywności. Wnioski: Analiza postulatów zawartych w CZR pozwala potwierdzić ich zbieżność z potrzebą zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa żywności i żywnościowego. Przyczynkiem do rozwoju nowych trendów bywają często zagrożenia w tym obszarze. W świetle wyzwań CZR oraz skutków pandemicznych i postpandemicznych ważne są potrzeby i trendy o charakterze hedonistycznym, m.in. łączące się z kwestią zapewnienia zdrowia i większej dbałości o własną kondycję psychiczną i fizyczną. Ponadto sytuacja w Ukrainie na pewno sprzyja rozwojowi konsumpcji współdzielonej, kolaboratywnej. Wkład w rozwój dyscypliny: Dokonanie przeglądu i usystematyzowanie trendów oraz zagrożeń w konsumpcji żywności z perspektywy poszczególnych celów zrównoważonego rozwoju. Jest to pierwsza tego typu publikacja w kraju.

EN

Objective: To identify the main hazards and threats related to food consumption in the context of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Research Design & Methods: The study uses secondary data analysis, including of official reports and statistics, critical analysis of the literature, comparative analysis, synthesis and logical reasoning. Findings: Important trends include mindful and conscious consumption, eco-consumption, food sharing, frugality, freeganism, personalised and hedonistic consumption, and climatarianism. The main hazards/threats discovered include difficulties population face in feeding themselves, the growing number of immunocompromised people, climate change, the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic and other pathologies in the food market, the presence of allergens and the lack of a food safety culture. Implications / Recommendations: Analysis of the postulates contained in the SDGs makes it possible to confirm their convergence with the need to ensure food and food safety. Threats in this area often give rise to trends. In the light of the challenges of SDGs as well as pandemic and post-pandemic effects, hedonistic needs and trends are important: They are connected with ensuring health and greater care for one’s own mental and physical condition. The situation in Ukraine is certainly suggests the need to develop shared and collaborative consumption. Contribution: The paper reviews and systematises trends, threats and hazards in food consumption from the perspective of individual sustainable development goals. This is the first publication of this type in Poland.

17

Przemiany we współczesnej refleksji literaturoznawczej. O homogenizacji dyskursów

63%

Krawczyk J.

Prace Literaturoznawcze

|

2013

|

issue 1

267-276

EN

The contemporary discourse of literature is in a situation of profound transformation. The change is way of practicing reflection on literature, as well as its subject matter. The article refers to certain tendencies within contemporary literature, including the scientification and blurring the differences between literary studies and other disciplines of the humanities. At the root of these changes is a tendency to individualized reflection, directing of science to essay, therefore towards dialectic of scientific rigor and literary frivolity thoughts.

18

Kierunki zmian preferencji konsumentów w odniesieniu do produktów i detalistów

63%

Dybka S.

Handel Wewnętrzny

|

2015

|

issue 4 (357)

200-210

PL

Wstąpienie Polski w struktury UE przyspieszyło tempo zmian zachowań konsumentów oraz spowodowało zmiany w strukturze handlu detalicznego. Obecnie można zaobserwować trendy związane z: orientacją klienta na produkty ekologiczne, żywność tradycyjną, postawami etnocentrycznymi, rosnącym znaczeniem Internetu itp. Zmiany uwarunkowań decyzji związanych z zachodzącymi procesami gospodarczymi w UE, w tym w Polsce, uzasadniają zwrócenie uwagi na specyfikę poszczególnych państw, co wraz z czynnikami społeczno-kulturowymi może wywoływać konieczność dostosowania strategii producentów lub detalistów. Celem rozważań jest próba odniesienia opinii klientów do opisywanych w literaturze trendów, ich dostrzeganiu i akceptacji. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań wskazują m.in. na wyraźne trendy dotyczące produktów żywnościowych w zakresie produktów dietetycznych, czy tradycyjnych. Nabywcy dostrzegają także wiele zmian odnoszących się do sfery zakupów, które są popularyzowane przez realizujące własne strategie rozwoju hipermarkety. Konsumenci przyznają także, że wykorzystanie Internetu, jest istotnym kierunkiem dynamicznych zmian, dotyczących etapu przed zakupem (poszukiwanie informacji, porównywanie), dla realizacji samego zakupu oraz po zakupie (tworzenie i przekazywanie informacji). Artykuł ma charakter badawczy.

EN

The Poland’s accession to the EU structures has accelerated the pace of changes of consumers’ behaviours and has caused changes in the retail trade structure. At present, one may observe the trends connected with customer’s orientation on ecological products, traditional food, ethnocentric attitudes, the growing importance of Internet, etc. The changes of determinants of the decisions connected with the ongoing economic processes in the EC, including Poland, justify paying attention to the specificity of individual states, what, together with the social and cultural factors, may cause the necessity to adjust the producers’ or retailers’ strategy. An aim of considerations is an attempt to refer the customers’ opinions to the trends described in the literature, perception and acceptance thereof. The findings of the carried out research indicate, inter alia, the apparent trends concerning food products as regards dietetic or traditional products. Purchasers also perceive many changes related to the sphere of shopping, which are popularised by hypermarkets implementing their own development strategies. Consumers also admit that the use of Internet is an important direction of dynamic changes concerning the stage prior to the purchase (seeking for information, comparing), for carrying out the very purchase, and after the purchase (information formation and transfer). The article is of the research nature.

RU

Вступление Польши в структуры ЕС ускорило темп изменений в поведении потребителей, а также вызвало изменения в структуре розничной торговли. В настоящее время можно наблюдать тренды, связанные с ориентацией клиента на экологические продукты, традиционные продукты питания, с эт- ноцентристским отношением, возрастающим значением интернета и пр. Изменения обусловленностей решений, связанных с происходящими экономическими процессами в ЕС, в том числе в Польше, обосновывают обращение внимания на специфику отдельных государств, что наряду с социально-культурными факторами может вызывать необходимость приспособления стратегии производителей или розничных продавцов. Цель рассуждений – попытка отнести мнения клиентов к описываемым в литературе трендам, замечать их и одобрять. Результаты проведенных исследований указывают, в частности, заметные тренды, касающиеся продуктов питания в отношении диетических или традиционных продуктов. Покупатели замечают также многие изменения, касающиеся сферы покупок, которые популяризуются гипермаркетами, реализующими собственные стратегии развития. Потребители признают тоже, что использование интернета – существенное направление динамичных изменений, касающихся этапа до покупки (поиск информации, сравнение), для осуществления самой покупки, а также после покупки (создание и передача информации). Статья имеет исследовательский характер.

19

The Values of Modern Ukrainian Students

63%

Khoruzha L.

Studia Paedagogica Ignatiana

|

2016

|

vol. 19

|

issue 4

141-149

EN

In the past two years, Ukrainian society has experienced deep transformational processes in all of its spheres: political, socio-economic and spiritual. The youth of today operate in extreme conditions: conducting military operations on the territory of Ukraine, the transition to European values. Moreover, the lack of financial stability in the country means that the crisis has led to a re-evaluation amongst of youth. Students are particularly sensitive in this regard and perfectly reflect the new priorities in the system of values, interests and social norms. They are a group in which these changes are the most vivid, a group corresponding to the new trends in fashion, literature, cinema and music, as well as the first group which tends to exhibit an extreme sensitivity to something new, which in turn is reflected in their value orientations. The study described in this article allows an analysis of the causes and nature of social change. Presented in this text are statistics on students’ interests and their values in different aspects—social, recreational, cultural or personal. The results of the study can be helpful in identifying some of the trends emerging in the life strategies of contemporary student youth in Ukraine.

PL

W ciągu ostatnich dwóch lat społeczeństwo ukraińskie doświadczyło głębokich procesów transformacji we wszystkich jego sferach: politycznych, społeczno-ekonomicznych i duchowych. Dzisiejsza młodzież funkcjonuje w ekstremalnych warunkach: prowadzenia operacji wojskowych na terytorium Ukrainy, przechodzenia do wartości europejskich. Ponadto brak stabilności finansowej w kraju determinuje kryzys procesu przewartościowania wśród młodzieży. Młodzież studencka jest szczególnie wrażliwa w tym zakresie. Studenci doskonale odzwierciedlają nowe priorytety w systemie wartości, interesów i norm społecznych. To w grupie studentów widać te zmiany w sposób najbardziej obrazowy. To oni zawsze odpowiadają na nowe trendy w modzie, literaturze, kinie i muzyce, a także są pierwszą grupą wykazującą ekstremalną wrażliwość na coś nowego, co z kolei przejawia się w orientacjach na wartości. Badanie opisywane w tym artykule pozwala na analizę przyczyn i charakteru zmian społecznych. W tekście są prezentowane dane statystyczne na temat zainteresowań studentów, ich wartości w różnych obszarach – społecznych, rekreacyjnych i kulturalnych czy osobistych. Wyniki badań mogą zidentyfikować pojawiające się pewne trendy w strategiach życiowych współczesnej młodzieży studenckiej na Ukrainie.

20

Trends of change occurring in the world power industry

63%

Olkuski T., Stala-Szlugaj K., Olkuski T., Stala-Szlugaj K.

Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi Polskiej Akademii Nauk

|

2017

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