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PL
"Kallias-Briefe oder über die Schönheit" ("Listy o pięknie") stanowią fragment korespondencji wymienionej zimą 1793 roku między Fryderykiem Schillerem a jego przyjacielem, Christianem Gottfriedem Körnerem, wprowadzającej tego pierwszego w myśli filozoficzną Immanuela Kanta. Listy nie były przeznaczone do publikacji, stanowiły wymianę myśli na temat piękna, jakie zrodziły się po lekturze "Krytyki władzy sądzenia". W przyszłości miały stanowić trzon schillerowskiej koncepcji estetycznej. Ponieważ jednak treść tych 9 listów (6 Schillera i 3 Körnere) tworzą zwartą całość, późniejsi wydawcy i komentatorzy pism Schillera nadali im wspólną nazwę. Myśli wyrażone w "Listach o pięknie" odsłaniają estetyczne zapatrywania Schillera, w których piękno jest zjawiskiem wolności w świecie przyrody i które znalazły swój wyraz w późniejszych esejach (np. "O wdzięku i godności", "O wzniosłości"). Można zatem ująć "Kallias-Briefe" jako zarys koncepcji pięknego człowieczeństwa, wyrażony w późniejszych pismach Schillera.
EN
"Kallias-Briefe oder über die Schöheit" ("Letters on Beauty") are fragments of the series of letters exchanged in winter 1793 between Fryderyk Schiller, the German playwright, poet and philosopher, and his friend Christian Gottfried Körner, who introduced the German poet to the philosophy of Immanuel Kant. The letters not being intended for publication were just the exchange of thoughts and ideas concerning the value of beauty, the ideas that originated after reading Kant`s "Critique of Judgment". They were meant to become the core of Schiller`s theory of aesthetisc. Since the content og those 9 letters (of with 6 were written by Schiller himself and 3 by Körner) is a coherent whole, the publishers and commentators of Scholler`s writing gathered them under one title and since then they have been treated as such a whole. It is widely recognized that the views on aesthetics that found their shape in the "Letters on Beauty" aer a sketch of an announced yet never written essay on beauty. They express Schiller`s original aesthetic standpoint acording to which beauty is a phenomenon of freedom perceived in the world of phenomena of nature; we can find the same idea in the subsequent works by Schiller (such as "Anmut und Würde" and "Über des Erhabene"). Thus "Kallias-Briefe" can be seen simply as an introductory sketch of the conception of the beautiful humanity found in the subsequent writings of the philosopher. From this perspective all the mechanism of development of the philosophical conception formed in the shape of elaborated and finished essays prepared for publication is easily visible.
Filo-Sofija
|
2007
|
vol. 7
|
issue 7
111-120
EN
In the article I endeavour to reconstruct the notion of culture given by Friedrich Schiller in the eighteenth century – the time when “culture” meant the same as “etiquette” or “politeness”. Schiller understands culture as a certain capability of inhibition of anarchy of animal drives and of tyranny of human reason. Thus culture is a necessary condition of preserving one’s freedom as well as of respect for freedom of others.
Filo-Sofija
|
2009
|
vol. 9
|
issue 9
73-82
EN
The scope of the article is twofold. The first issue is connected with the problem of materiality and non-materiality of art, the difference between a sensual object and an idea, between an analogue and an object of imagination. I endeavour to show that H.-G. Gadamer’s and J.P. Sartre’s contemporary conceptions, despite their revolutionary conclusions, are deeply rooted in classical aesthetics. The second part of the article is an attempt to reconstruct the aforementioned question on the examples of the eighteenth-century philosophies of Ch. Batteux and Shaftesbury in which the idea (or the object of imagination) was esteemed superior to the empirical object of the work of art.
4
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Filo-Sofija
|
2005
|
vol. 5
|
issue 5
105-123
EN
The essay deals with the question of the beauty of the bodily form, the notion of perfection of the human species and its moral expression as well as with other problems connected with this aspect of aesthetic experience. In the XVIII century the problems were undertaken particularly by Friedrich Schiller, who on the grounds of Kantian aesthetics tried to show the difference between the free and dependant beauty, and between the natural beauty and fine arts, which led him to establish the notions of grace and of dignity as the aesthetic expression of human spirit. The essay is based chiefly on the following works: Schiller’s On Grace and Dignity and Critic of Judgment and Observations on the Feeling of the Beautiful and Sublime by Kant.
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