Search results

1

Confucian Philosophy of Zhongdaology and Its Practical Significance in Resolving Conflicts

100%

Xu K.

Dialogue and Universalism

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2016

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issue 4

187-199

EN

The essence of traditional Chinese Confucian philosophy can be termed “Zhongdao-logy”; it searches for the appropriate degree of zhong which is a standard guiding peo-ple’s actions. The Chinese pictographic character “zhong” has multiple meanings, in-cluding centrality, middle, appropriate, fit, just, fair, impartial, upright, etc. In early Confucianism, it has been developed into an important concept with profound philo-sophical connotations; it includes a combination of subjective and objective views, a fusion of different stances and considerations, and postulates a harmony of the internal and external worlds. Zhongdaology takes a dynamic, contextual, correlative and dialec-tic view of things in the world, and provides a way of thinking different from the tradi-tional Western ontological (metaphysical) way of thinking. The practical rationality and wisdom of Zhongdaology are very significant for promoting dialogue and resolving a variety of conflicts in human societies.

2

Etyka Konfucjańska a duch praw człowieka

100%

Janyst T.

Forum Politologiczne

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2010

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vol. 11 - Chiny i państwa azjatyckie - karty z historii i wyzwania współczesności

295-316

EN

The aim of this article is to examine the influence of the Confucian ethics on the perception of human rights in China in context of the development of capitalism in this part of Asia.In the first part of this article the author argues with Max Weber's thesis which states that in China: "from a purely economic point of view, a genuine bourgeois, industrial capitalism might have developed". He examines from sinological perspective his arguments concerning the underdevelopment of capitalism: lack of rational legal system, the influence of Confucianism and lack of middle class. In the second part have been shown the connections between capitalism, market freedoms and human rights. The author claims that capitalism is necessary condition for the development of human rights, but it is not the only one, because the cultural factors play a greater role. In the third part of this article summarizes the two previous parts and argues that late development of capitalism in China is one of main factors that influenced the modern shape of human rights in China. The necessity of developing a free market system have been also underlined in relation to the rule of law and civil society as a base for the concept of human rights with Chinese characteristics, that would be acceptable for Western countries.

3

Mencius o lidské přirozenosti a vládě lidskosti

100%

Myšička S.

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)

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2014

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vol. 62

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issue 4

559-581

EN

This study aims to interpret Mencius' political thinking taking as the starting point his doctrine of human nature. Each individual is capable of the moral self-cultivation of his or her innately good human nature, but in this task the individual requires adequate conditions and education. Political power is able to ensure this (and it is, indeed, one of its main asks to do so), but it can also, on the contrary, contribute, in a fundamental way, to the decadence of the state and society. The result of inadequate and ineffective application of political power is a growing crisis in society, especially in the area of inter-personal relations and moral conduct. Mencius' ideal is a relatively small and effective state that looks after its inhabitants and which does not unduly intervene in the social organism. War is understood, by him, as a great evil which is justifiably used only when putting-down an uprising or in self-defence. Generally, Mencius' political thought is characterized by the thought that the virtuous ruler will have, by dint of his strength of character, not only spiritual but also purely practical political successes.

4

Correlations Between the Contemporary Ideology of the North Korean and Chosen Confucianism Values.

100%

Levi N.

Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe

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2015

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issue 3

119-129

EN

The main aim of this article is to analyze some aspects of the historical roots of the North Korean ideology and political system. This study argues that the North Korean ideology is to a certain extent rooted in the historical background of the Korean Peninsula but has also been purposely changed and manipulated in form to deal with at-the-time difficulty and circumstance that the regime faced. Meanwhile what can be observed in the North Korean ideology is that there is no direct referring to the antecedents. These claims are illustrated in this article by various primary material of a propagandistic nature published in North Korea and by research articles.

5

Rola konfucjanizmu w kształtowaniu ideologii państwowej w Chinach w XX w.

100%

Gacek Ł.

Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe

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2015

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issue 3

21-42

EN

The article presents the influence of Confucianism on formation of the state ideology in China in the 20th century. Confucianism in China was considered both as a religion and philosophy, and fundamentally focusing on the state and society. The emphasis was put on hierarchy and the morality in the family and the whole society. Confrontation with patterns and political ideas of the West during the late of 19th and early 20th centuries made a great impact to further develop of Confucianism in China. Nowadays Confucianism again was put in the center of the new state order. The Communist Party of China instrumentally treats the Confucian ideas to consolidate its power and build social peace. At the same time it promotes Confucianism and Chinese culture as an alternative to the Western values.

6

Knowing as Acting: Examples from Confucianism and Buddhism

88%

Wang Q.

Dialogue and Universalism

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2016

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issue 4

201-213

EN

We often separate knowing and acting into two distinct tasks to perform and think that one must first know and only then can one act. This also indicates that one can have knowledge without action or one can know what the proper action is yet fail to act. This essay will examine theories of learning/knowing suggested in the Confucian and Bud-dhist traditions and argue that there is a strong tendency in Confucianism and Buddhism that favors engaged knowing over detached knowing and rejects the separation between knowing and acting. The essay will also suggest that the idea of engaged knowing sug-gested in Buddhism and Confucianism will help us reevaluate the representationalist notion of knowledge.

7

The Confucian Elements in the Book of Five Rings

88%

Ciecieląg E.

Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia

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2014

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issue 27

41-55

EN

Confucianism arrived in Japan at the beginning of the fifth century A.D. Confucianism influenced the growth of feudalism and the creation of bushidô, the code of moral principles and an inspiration for Japanese warriors. Miyamoto Musashi was one of the most famous samurai in Japanese history. He established the Niten Ichi Ryû kendô school. In the Book of Five Rings, Musashi set down his own principles, in the belief that each of his students should live by them. Some Confucian elements were included in the Book of Five Rings.

8

The impact of Confucianism on modern Japanese women’s life

88%

Barbasiewicz O.

Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia

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2013

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issue 26

159-173

EN

The aim of this article is to consider questions regarding Japanese culture and Confucianism, especially while researching women in Japan. The author will describe the implementation of Confucian values in Japanese society, the Confucian attitude towards the role of women and the situation of Japanese females. The article will examine the question of whether there are similarities between the situations of women in countries which implemented Confucian morals and ethics, and to compare this situations with contemporary Japanese society.

9

On Buddhist and Taoist Morality

88%

Baldwin E.

Forum Philosophicum

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2011

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vol. 16

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issue 2

99-110

EN

Arthur Danto argues that all Eastern philosophies—except Confucianism—fail to accept necessary conditions on genuine morality: a robust notion of agency and that actions are praiseworthy only if performed voluntarily, in accordance with rules, and from motives based on the moral worth and well-being of others. But Danto's arguments fail: Neo-Taoism and Mohism satisfy these allegedly necessary constraints and Taoism and Buddhism both posit moral reasons that fall outside the scope of Danto's allegedly necessary conditions on genuine morality. Thus, our initial reaction, that these eastern philosophies offer genuine moral reasons for action, is sustained rather than overturned.

10

Bezpieczeństwo i samodoskonalenie jako elementy świętej Drogi Wojownika

88%

Piwowarski J.

Zeszyt Naukowy Apeiron

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2011

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issue 6

231–245

EN

The author of this article is trying to prove that today (as in ancient times) exist people, who commit themselves to self-improvement based on the so-called Warrior’s Way. They have much in common with ancient warriors form the Far East. Moreover, it is the culture of honor that determines the value of different nations and all humanity. Despite the fact, that oriental warfare systems are invariably associated with the concept of physical culture, it is their sense of nobleness that determines their special and unique identity. Today you can find many followers of continuation of their own self-improvement process based on the challenges associated with the achievement of psychophysical perfectionism, which is an integral factor in any martial art. The Warrior’s Knight Way carries lots of character of the martial arts schools, which even today meet the needs of safety and self-realization of a person. Decisive influence here have religious systems of India, Tibet, China, Korea and Japan. The author of this article believes, that the decisive factor of personal development (in the Far East Martial Art) is the Buddhist philosophical-religious system and psychology associated with it. In the background appears here neoconfucianism as a combination of Buddhism and Confucian philosophy of the social organism. Not without a meaning are ideas from Hindu (India), Taoism (China) and Sith religion (Japan). Inherent in the Far East martial arts are the traditional transmission and ritual.

11

Czy konfucjanizm jest religią?

88%

Kosior K.

Przegląd Religioznawczy

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2023

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issue 4(290)

3-25

EN

Among the five religions (zōngjiào) whose followers operate in eight legal organizations in the Peo-ple’s Republic of China, there is no Confucianism (rújiā). Interestingly, for over half a century, researchers of this tradition have been engaged in a lively, serious discussion about the possibility of recognizing it as a religion. At the beginning of the article, the difficulties associated with this issue are mentioned. Then, by way of introduction, Confucius’s religiosity as illustrated in the Analects is discussed. The main part presents several rele-vant approaches to Confucianism that emphasize, although for different reasons, its religious character. They are accompanied by various references to the phenomenon of religion, which constitute their context, as well as reservations expressed towards these approaches. Additionally, the text contains comments on Chinese spiritu-ality, which are important in relation to attempts to resolve the discussed issue.

12

Instytucja mediacji w Chińskiej Republice Ludowej i Republice Chińskiej (Tajwanie)

88%

Skóra A.

Studia Prawa Publicznego

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2018

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issue 4 (24)

47-64

EN

The objective of this research paper is to explore and analyse mediation in the People’s Republic of China and in the Republic of China (Taiwan). The author also investigates the historical, philosophical and social origin of mediation and its development since the Han Dynasty. Mediation has a long tradition in China, and its importance can be traced back to the philosophy of Confucianism. Nowadays mediation is known as the key to resolving all disputes and linking it to the “harmonious society” political doctrine. There are currently a few types of mediation practices in China: mediation by People’s Mediation Committees outside the court, judicial mediation in civil disputes and minor criminal cases inside the court, mediation and arbitration of rural land contract disputes or mediation and arbitration in labour disputes. The importance of mediation is demonstrated by Article 111 of the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China, which provides that “People’s Mediation Committees are a working committee under grassroots autonomous organisations – the Residents Committee and the Villagers Committee – whose mission is to mediate civil disputes.” The Committees and the courts should also popularise, through mediation and arbitration, the laws and the policy and educate citizens to abide by the laws and respect universally accepted morals. As can be seen, owing to the government’s guidance on mediation procedures the number of cases settled through mediation has markedly increased. The statistics show that the parties not only resolve their dispute but are also willing to resort to mediation again. The high success rate of mediation is, among other things, due to the fact that it is a safe and neutral process, and the mediators’ role in facilitating resolution does not impose a solution. Another advantage of mediation is speed and effectiveness as well as a reduction of costs. This article also discusses the Taiwanese experience with mediation, as well as its development. To sum up it may be said that mediation in the People’s Republic of China and in the Republic of China (Taiwan) functions well and is increasingly winning trust of citizens.

13

Diaspora chińska oraz jej wpływ na społeczeństwo i gospodarkę na przykładzie Malezji i Singapuru

87%

Gliniak P.

Studia Azjatystyczne

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2016

|

issue 2

36-55

EN

The purpose of this article is to present the Chinese diaspora in two Southeast Asian countries, Malaysia and Singapore, and the influence of this group on the society and economy of these countries. Chinese people, who left the country, for instance, for political or remuneration reasons and settled in Southeast Asia, have a significant impact on the region. The influence of this group on countries like Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and Indonesia, where it has been present for centuries, is substantial. The attitudes of the Islamic Malaysian and secular Singapore governments to overseas Chinese is completely different. In spite of many political, social and economic difficulties, the Chinese diaspora has been able to preserve its culture, language and tradition, and has achieved significant economic success. This economic success has been often associated with aversion to the local community. In modern Southeast Asian history, there are the examples of social tensions that have been turn into anti-Chinese riots. Nevertheless, the Chinese diaspora has contributed actively to the economic development of Malaysia, as well as the economic and political development of Singapore, basically during one generation, on a significant scale.

14

Confucian Multiculturalism: A Kantian Reinterpretation of the Classic of Rites

75%

Ka Pok Tam A.

Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture

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2023

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vol. 7

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issue 1

26-46

EN

Chinese Communist monocultural policies, notably the re-education camps for the Uyghurs in Xinjiang, have recently been condemned for violating human rights. In response to critics, the Chinese Communist Party frequently replied that one should not impose Western concepts of democracy, liberty, and human rights on the Chinese people. Nevertheless, instead of introducing Western philosophies criticizing the current Chinese Communist monoculturalism; with the help of a modern reinterpretation of the Classic of Rites, this paper aims to construct a Confucian Multiculturalism and argues that: (1) the Classic of Rites explicitly warned against cultural assimilations of “barbarians” into the “civilized” Empire, (2) the Classic of Rites acknowledges cultural diversities, and (3) although the Classic of Rites does not explain clearly why the imperial court should tolerate cultural diversities, a Kantian reinterpretation of the Chinese concept of 敬 Jing implies the respects for minority rights. In doing so, this paper formulates Confucian Multiculturalism as a new model of the Chinese philosophy of culture which asserts cultural diversity.

15

The Image of the World in the Yijing 易经 – an Attempt to Identify the Intellectual Context Proper to Chinese Philosophy

75%

Wójcik A. I.

Estetyka i Krytyka

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2014

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issue 1(32)

118-136

EN

Before we think about reality, before we talk about it or remain silent, first we have some of the most basic images. What do philosophers brought up in the given culture have in mind when they use the term ‘reality’? In this article I attempt to identify and elaborate the intellectual context proper to Chinese (especially Confucian and Daoist) philosophical culture, by presenting its most general features. How deep must we probe to find the internal network of sense that is the basis of Confucian, and Daoist images of reality? What we are looking for can be found by trying to think in a context that is broader than the merely linguistic context. This broader context is that provided by philosophical understanding of the terms: ‘world,’ ‘individual being,’ ‘thing,’ ‘truth,’ ‘wisdom.’

16

Musical Inspirations in Japanese Culture

75%

Wolańska D.

Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia

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2015

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issue 28

137-145

EN

The aim of this article is to picture how Japanese music evolved across the centuries, and how it influenced cultural development in that region. It is a small compendium of knowledge about musical inspirations in Japanese culture from ancient to modern times. It explores fantastic nooks and crannies of the art, full of traditional forms and incredible symbolism. Starting with traditional music, which initiated gagaku court music, a most characteristic form for the region, and ending on modern music, this article shows individuals stages of Japanese musical development. The reader learns about how the philosophical and religious systems are connected to the incredibly diverse, exotic culture. We discover the strong impact of Confucianism in how the musical forms emerged. yet despite significant influences of Chinese music, the Land of the Rising Sun developed its own, individual music style, rich with originality, diversity, and despite such great advances and interest in European music, the cult of the past and traditional music lives on. That makes the Land of the Rising Sun one of a kind.

17

Confession Rituals and the Philosophy of Forgiveness in Asian Religions and Christianity

75%

Konior J.

Forum Philosophicum

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2010

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vol. 15

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issue 1

91-102

EN

In this paper I will take into account the historical, religious and philosophical aspects of the examination of conscience, penance and satisfaction, as well as ritual confession and cure, in Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. I will also take into account the difficulties that baptized Chinese Christians met in sacramental Catholic confession. Human history proves that in every culture and religion, man has always had a need to be cleansed from evil and experience mutual forgiveness. What ritual models were used by Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism? To what degree did these models prove to be true? What are the connections between a real experience of evil, ritual confession, forgiveness and cure in Chinese religions and philosophies?

18

Chinese Refreshment for Contemporary Political Thought: wúwéi, care, and democracy

75%

Ott M.

International Journal of Area Studies

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2013

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vol. 8

|

issue 1

37-51

EN

In my paper I bring out two topics from the ancient Chinese political philosophy. (1) Non-action (wúwéi) that was required from the ruler in the Legalist and Huang-Lao tradition (e.g. Han Feizi, Huainanzi) and was incorporated into the mainstream of political philosophy (e.g. Confucian Dong Zhongshu); (2) care of the people and especially of the needy, that is also required from the ruler, and was stressed mainly in the Mohist and Confucian traditions. From these two ideas I hope to get some “refreshment” for our contemporary political philosophy, and I consider them as logical extensions of democracy. On the other hand, I argue also that the traditional conception of non-acting ruler in the Legalist context should be modified with the Western ideas of the separation of powers and transparency of government; and even that this modification would be more consequent and realistic also in terms of the original Chinese idea itself.

19

Constructing Social Cohesion in Vietnamese Public Schools: The Methods, and Students’ Forgotten Identities

75%

Truong T. T., Underwood J.

Kultura i Edukacja

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2020

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issue 4(130)

25-42

EN

There are four main areas through which education can foster social cohesion, these are: curriculum design; an appropriate classroom climate of dialogue and respect; equal opportunities for all learners; and diverse school programmes that encompass the interests and experiences of the learning community. In this paper, by intersecting these concepts with the lead author’s experiences as a student in Vietnam’s primary and secondary public schools, we explore how social cohesion in constructed within the Vietnamese school system and the impact this has on student identity. Further focus is provided by analysing in-depth three fundamental aspects of the Vietnamese education system. These are: moral education; Vietnam’s national rite of saluting the flag; and didactic, teacher-focused teaching. The latter section of the essay then critically evaluates some shortcomings associated with the teaching of social cohesion in Vietnam. The purpose of this paper is to add meaning to those cultural features of schooling that have been taken for granted by Vietnamese people and also to highlight the need to find a balance between social cohesion and individuality in the Vietnamese educational system, so that in future current flaws can be erased. This paper is a conceptual paper informed by research literature. However, it also embraces an auto-ethnographic approach and in doing so extends the parameters of academic writing within a Vietnamese context.

20

Confucianism in South Korea and Japan: Similarities and Differences

75%

Levi N.

Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia

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2013

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issue 26

185-195

XX

Korea and Japan spent much time culturally and politically under the influence of China, which brought Confucianism to these countries. This study explores the influence of Confucianism on modern Japanese and Korean societies. This paper discusses issues such as loyalty and collectivism in the two previous mentioned countries.

Refine search results

Confucian Philosophy of Zhongdaology and Its Practical Significance in Resolving Conflicts

Etyka Konfucjańska a duch praw człowieka

Mencius o lidské přirozenosti a vládě lidskosti

Correlations Between the Contemporary Ideology of the North Korean and Chosen Confucianism Values.

Rola konfucjanizmu w kształtowaniu ideologii państwowej w Chinach w XX w.

Knowing as Acting: Examples from Confucianism and Buddhism

The Confucian Elements in the Book of Five Rings

The impact of Confucianism on modern Japanese women’s life

On Buddhist and Taoist Morality

Bezpieczeństwo i samodoskonalenie jako elementy świętej Drogi Wojownika

Czy konfucjanizm jest religią?

Instytucja mediacji w Chińskiej Republice Ludowej i Republice Chińskiej (Tajwanie)

Diaspora chińska oraz jej wpływ na społeczeństwo i gospodarkę na przykładzie Malezji i Singapuru

Confucian Multiculturalism: A Kantian Reinterpretation of the Classic of Rites

The Image of the World in the Yijing 易经 – an Attempt to Identify the Intellectual Context Proper to Chinese Philosophy

Musical Inspirations in Japanese Culture

Confession Rituals and the Philosophy of Forgiveness in Asian Religions and Christianity

Chinese Refreshment for Contemporary Political Thought: wúwéi, care, and democracy

Constructing Social Cohesion in Vietnamese Public Schools: The Methods, and Students’ Forgotten Identities

Confucianism in South Korea and Japan: Similarities and Differences