Collections of Danish Golden-Age art are quite rare outside of Scandinavia, especially when it comes to those developed in accordance with a well-thought-out strategy established through the international cooperation of scholars. An important exception is the large group of Danish drawings, oil sketches, and artists’ correspondence found in the Fondation Custodia – Collection Frits Lugt in Paris, gathered by art historian and longtime museum director Carlos van Hasselt (1929–2009). As director, van Hasselt provided an interesting model of collecting, as his pursuit was not motivated by a particular investment strategy. His collection may, in a sense, be viewed as the material result of a network, one which he established and which brought together Danish researchers and museologists, as well as international art dealers. The aim of this article is therefore to investigate how a network may inform and help determine a particular collection practice, to trace how van Hasselt became an agent of the Danish art establishment, and to provide a critical overview of this collection, which became a satellite representation of the canon of 19th-century Danish art in Paris. Analysis of Carlos van Hasselt’s archive will provide critical reflections on the ways in which the collection was built and developed, and how it may serve as an example of the international dissemination of canons.
Artykuł jest próbą wypracowania nowego podejścia do islandzkiej sztuki narodowej, popartego analizą jej roli w konstruowaniu „islandzkości” i islandzkiej tożsamości. Pozostając w ciągłym dialogu z rozprawą Ann-Sofie Nielsen Gremaud Kryptokoloniale landskaber: tid, sted og rum i billeder af islandsk landskab 1874–2011 (2012), tekst koncentruje się jednocześnie na islandzkim malarstwie pejzażowym z lat 1874–1944 i jego relacji ze sztuką duńską. Sztuka nordycka, a zwłaszcza islandzka, zazwyczaj pomijana w europejskiej narracji historyczno-artystycznej, warta jest jednak bliższego poznania. W pracy przyjęto podstawowe założenie, że nowoczesna islandzka sztuka narodowa wywodzi się z duńskiej tradycji akademickiej, a islandzcy artyści uczestniczyli w tworzeniu tożsamości narodowej pozostając w opozycji wobec modelu duńskiego. Aby znaleźć poparcie dla postawionej tezy, wykorzystano metodologie bliskie postkolonializmowi i kryptokolonializmowi, jak również inspirowane imagologią i oparte na interdyscyplinarnych badaniach z zakresu historii sztuki, historii, antropologii i kulturoznawstwa.
EN
The article constitutes an attempt at developing a new approach to Icelandic national art, supported by an analysis of its role in the process of constructing “Icelandicness” and the Icelandic identity. It enters a dialogue with the study Kryptokoloniale landskaber: tid, sted og rum i billeder af islandsk landskab 1874–2011 by Ann-Sofie Nielsen Gremaud, with a concurrent focus on Icelandic landscape painting of the period 1874–1944 and its relation to Danish art. The Nordic, and especially the Icelandic art was routinely overlooked in the European artistic and historical narration, including the Polish scholarly environment, but it is well worthy of a closer scrutiny. Two fundamental assumptions that define the analysis presented herein are that the modern national art of Iceland derives from the Academic tradition in Denmark and that, concurrently, Icelandic artists participated in the process of developing national identity in opposition to the Danish model. In order to find confirmation for the posed theses, methodologies close to post-colonialism and crypto-colonialism have been used, as well as ones inspired by imagology and based on interdisciplinary research in the fields of art history, history, anthropology and cultural studies.
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