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EN
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a glycoprotein that stimulates the bone marrow to produce granulocytes and stem cells and release them into the blood. Recent studies demonstrated the presence of CSF-receptor (G-CSFR) system in the brain and spinal cord, and their roles in neuroprotection and neural tissue repair, as well as improvement in functional recovery. G-CSF exerts neuroprotective actions through the inhibition of apoptosis and inflammation, and the stimulation of neurogenesis. This review highlights recent studies on the potential use of G-CSF in cerebral palsy.
EN
In the article the author presents complex theoretical information related to the use of information and communication technologies in the learning process of students with cerebral palsy. The bulk of the text is a study of mixed character, consisting of several partial sections. The scope of the study includes the description and analysis of the current state, and identified determinants of the use of technology in the educational process in the target group of students. The author also gives the analysis and the facts of the real application of modern technologies in the selected schools from the point of view of pupils with cerebral palsy and their teachers. Partial part of the CaseStudy research are also aimed at the learning process, equipment and amenities in selected schools, in which students with cerebral palsy are taught with the help of digital technology. As a sample of the study were the teachers of basic schools, basic schools for pupils with disabilities and special classes for students with disabilities, teaching individuals with cerebral palsy within the Slovak Republic. A database of these schools we received from the Center for scientific and technical information of the Slovak Republic. Because the diagnosis of cerebral palsy in statistical information is not reflected, we had initially come from the information about the education of students with disabilities, and on this basis to choose a specific part of the teachers who come into contact with the target group in the educational process. It is stressed that the widespread use of computer technology helps students with disabilities not only in communication with the outside world in general, but also to strengthen confidence and self-esteem. Modern computer technology develop abilities of the individuals with disabilities in the social field and in the field of mobility (in relation to the surrounding world) and, of course, in the field of education. Computers, which, among other things, must meet the conditions of accessibility to the physical characteristics of individuals with disabilities, equipped with special programs and procedures, help students with disabilities to expand the scope of education in different spheres of life.
EN
Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most frequent neurological disorder associated with perinatal injury of the developing brain. The beneficial impact of stem cells (neural stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and embryonic stem cells) is mediated through soluble trophic factors and other cytokines that enable the body to re-establish homeostasis after pathologic and traumatic insults, inflammation, and tissue infarction or degeneration. There is currently no effective therapy for CP. Recently there have been notable advances in the application of cell therapy in neurological disorders. This review provides recent data on the prevention and cell therapy in CP.
EN
neuroinflammation and apoptosis in brains affected by cerebral palsy could be therapeutic targets. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) exerts anti-inflammatory and antiapoptosis effects and stimulates the proliferation of neural stem and progenitor cells in the brain. Purpose: To assess the efficacy and safety of G-CSF treatment in children and adolescents with CP. Materials and methods: Six patients with spastic tetraplegia CP aged 3-15 years were enrolled in this study. Five patients had GMFCS (Gross Motor Function Classification System) level at V, three children had epilepsy, and three had severe mental retardation. We used the gross motor function measure-66 (GMFM-66) to assess motor function.GCSF (5μg/kg/body/day) was administered subcutaneously for five consecutive days during the four months. The parents also evaluated the physical and mental development of their children. Results: We observed improvement in motor function in patients with CP on the GMFM-66 scale. Parents reported improvement in behavior, speech development, and a decrease in spasticity in children with CP. G-CSF therapy was well-tolerated. No side effects were observed during the study. Conclusions: Our preliminary report suggests that G-CSF treatment improves motor and mental function in patients with CP. Further studies are needed to confirm these observations
EN
Introduction: Nearly half of the patients with cere-bral palsy (CP) may face frequent ophthalmological problems including strabismus, refractive errors and abnormal intraocular pressure. Purpose: In this study we aimed to investigate the relativeness between intraocular pressure and neurological pathologies in patients with selected types of CP. Material and methods: The subject of the analysis was to show intraocular pressure in patients within two groups of CP: diplegia spastica and tetraparesis, with nervous system pathologies taken into account. Analysis consisted of 103 patients (66 boys, 64%) between 2-18 years old (mean age 9.7±3.87). 44 patients (42%) had diplegia spastica, while 59 patients had (58%) tetraparesis. During the diagnostics process the checking of intraocular pressure was carried out with a non-contact tonometer. The data were evaluated with correlation, Chi Square and Fishers’ Extract Test. The border value of significant statistical level was accepted p=0.05. Results: In the statistical analysis of the study was proven some correlations between intraocular pressure and type of CP, type of delivery, term of birth, and possibility of walking of patients with CP. Conclusions: The study affirmed that results of tonometry above the norm were more common in patients with tetraparesis than with diplegia spastica, mainly in non-walking patients. Abnormal intraocular pressure, both hypo and hypertony were diagnosed as being more common in children born naturally, from a full term pregnancy.
EN
One of the most frequent symptoms of infantile cerebral palsy syndrome is eating and drinking difficulties. The functions of eating and drinking are complex processes which, apart from the correct motor functioning of the orofacial area, also require synchronization with breathing, postural stability, including controlling of the head, and a number of other motor skills. Because of cerebral palsy, the functioning of the patient in all these areas may be disturbed, which manifests itself in eating and drinking difficulties, influencing the nutritional status and thereby the patient’s somatic and psychological condition. The goal of the study is to present the tool for the assessment of eating and drinking function in cerebral palsy patients, complementary to the systems serving to assess gross motor functions (GMFCS), manual abilities (MACS) and communication (CFCS), which is a significant element in the multi-diagnosis of disorders in the cerebral palsy syndrome, necessary for speech therapy treatment.
EN
Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the quality of life of parents of children with cerebral palsy. Materials and methods: The study included 40 parents of children with cerebral palsy treated at the Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation of the Medical University of Bialystok. The WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was used as a research tool; it enables obtaining a quality of life profile in four domains: physical health, psychological, social relationships and environment. The severity of a child's movement disorders was assessed using the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). Results: In the studied group of parents of children with cerebral palsy, more than half described their quality of life as good and was pleased with their health. The largest differences occurred in parents of children with cerebral palsy in the environment domain, p=0.0068, and the psychological domain, p=0.010. Quality of life in all four domains was assessed as lower in parents of children with cerebral palsy compared with parents of healthy children. Only in the evaluation of health care facilities parents of children with cerebral palsy assessed them better than parents of healthy children. Conclusion: Parents of children with cerebral palsy describe their quality of life as good and are satisfied with their health.
EN
Introduction. Impaired motor control in children with infantile cerebral palsy (ICP) frequently leads to mobility limitations. Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of hippotherapy on maintaining postural balance and gait in children with ICP. Material and methods. A total of thirty children with spastic diplegia, aged 8-13 years, participated in the study. All children took part in a two-week hippotherapy program. The Tinetti and Timed Up and Go (TUG) tests were used to investigate the quality of their postural balance and gait. All tests were performed before and after therapeutic horseback riding. Results. After the two weeks of therapy, a statistically significant (p<0.05) improvement in balance maintenance and gait performance was observed in all children. Conclusion. 1. Hippotherapy sessions significantly improved the level of postural balance in children with ICP. 2. Equine-assisted therapy (EAT) positively affected the quality of gait and significantly decreased the risk of accidental falls in children who participated in the rehabilitation program.
EN
Thesis. Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of disorders resulting from damage to the central nervous system in the early stages of its development. The aim of the rehabilitation of persons with CP is to make their dependence on the assistance of others as little as possible and to improve their quality of life, as well as the quality of life of their families. New methods are developed in which new technologies are employed and a holistic approach to the patient, requiring the cooperation of specialists in various fields, is assumed.             The most commonly used methods of working with children with cerebral palsy include the NDT-Bobath method and the Vojta method. Apart from them unconventional methods are also employed, including hippotherapy, virtual reality, the sensory integration method, the conductive education method, and the space suit method. Aim of the paper. The aim of the paper is to present the methods employed in increasing the agility of children with cerebral palsy. Focus has been placed on traditional and commonly used methods, as well as the unconventional methods which are currently undergoing evaluation. Results. Thanks to diversifying rehabilitation with new methods and enriching it with the experience of specialists in areas outside medicine patients with cerebral palsy are able to fully benefit from their own potential. Quality of life is improved, independence is increased, and new opportunities are discovered. Some of the newest methods may serve to supplement traditional therapies, others can substitute for them in the future. What is crucial is to focus not only on heightening the physical agility of the patients, but also to make the course of the therapy more attractive, and to work on improving the patients’ functioning in other areas of life, as well, such as social contacts or hobbies.
PL
Cerebral palsy is a set of symptoms caused by the damage of the central nervous system during its development. People affected by cerebral palsy require care from a multidisciplinary team of therapists. The positive impact of the people close to a patient plays a crucial role. Since playing board games is a popular leisure activity, this article aims at encouraging people to engage a disabled person in this form of entertainment. The conclusions are based on the observations made by the author, who has worked with people affected by cerebral palsy for several years.
EN
The article presents the research project “Suprasegmentals in Dysarthric Speech in Cases of Cerebral Palsy. Acoustic Analyses in Experimental Logopedic Studies on Polish-Speaking Children Aged 6 to 15 Years”. The objective of these planned studies is to describe and compare the acoustic parameters of suprasegmentals in the speech of dysarthric children with CP – in the experimental group (30 persons) and in the control group (30 children in whom no speech disorders and CP have been diagnosed). The analysis of the suprasegmental level of the phonetic sequence will include intonation, word and sentence stress, rhythm of utterances, rate of speech, length of phrases, and respiratory, phonatory and articulatory synchronization, nasal resonance, and voice quality. Statistical analyses of the results of acoustic experiments will also enable an evaluation of the relationships holding between selected suprasegmental phenomena in dysarthric speech. Moreover, we are planning to conduct studies with the participation of speech therapists as competent raters, whose task will be to conduct an auditory evaluation of particular phenomena manifesting themselves at the suprasegmental level of utterances of children with CP-related dysarthria, as well as an evaluation of the degree of intelligibility of their pronunciation. A comparison of the results of an acoustic analysis with the results of a perceptual analysis will make it possible to indicate the relationship between the individual suprasegmentals and between the realization of suprasegmentals and the intelligibility of CP-related dysarthric speech.
EN
This article deals with the problem of determining the effectiveness of the Bobath’s method as the main correction of the psychophysical condition method of preschool age children with cerebral palsy. In a modern application of correction the measures are directed on the recovery of motor and psycho-emotional realms to the problem of choosing and applying the most effective techniques contribute to the normalization of motor activity of children with central nervous system involvement. Critical to the success of the correction of psychophysical children’s condition are adequate control over the effective use of the individual techniques in the course of application the Bobath’s method course. In the literature there is a wide variety of the tests to assess motor ability, however, they are difficult to use and functional. Therefore, the improvement of the existing tests and the introduction of new scales of assessment to improve the effectiveness correction of motor disorders are extremely urgent. This article deals with the problem of determining the effectiveness of the Bobath’s method as the main method correction psychomotor development. In the literature there is a wide variety of tests to assess motor abilities, however, they are difficult to use and functional. In our assessing the effectiveness of the remedial practice of the Bobath’s method with «Card-test the motor ability of children from 3 months to adulthood», which efficiently defines the stages of motor development of the child. Due to its universality, accessibility and informativeness of this test it has become possible to qualitatively assess of the stages of psychomotor development of children with cerebral palsy. The basis experiment was an evaluation of the formation of elementary motor skills at the beginning and the dynamics of handling them at the end of the course of Bobath’s therapy lessons with preschool children with cerebral palsy. At the end of the experiment it was determined that during the Bobath’s method course elementary motor skills in initial positions such as: lying on the back and abdomen, standing on all fours had significant improvement. It should be noted that the marked improvement is determined by mastery of the basic elementary motor skills, which testify the effectiveness of the method of Bobath in the correction of psychophysical prеschool age children with cerebral palsy.
EN
The aim of our study was to examine the effect of swimming activities on the development of swimming skills in student with physical disability and to determine whether these activities also affect the student’s general motor development. The sample consisted of one student with physical disability in the third grade of primary school. The student was involved in a ten-hour swimming course, based on the Halliwick concept of swimming for children with special needs. Data about the student’s progress were obtained through structured observations at the beginning and at the end of the course, where the SWIM internationally standardized test was used. Results show that the student developed balance, coordination, power, precision, flexibility and was capable of independent 25-meter backstroke swimming at the end of the course. Results prove that swimming is a highly suitable activity for students with physical disability.
PL
Wstęp: W pracy podjęto próbę oceny czynników ryzyka mających znaczenie w kształtowaniu się poziomu interakcji między matką i dzieckiem niepełnosprawnym, na podstawie danych z wywiadu, dokumentacji medycznej i obserwacji klinicznej. Cele pracy: Określenie sytuacji socjodemograficznej rodzin oraz ocenę zależności między czynnikami ryzyka nieprawidłowego rozwoju dzieci z dysfunkcją mózgu a poziomem interakcji w diadzie matka- dziecko. Materiał i metoda badań: Zbadano 230 matek z dziećmi w wieku 0–3 lat z Podkarpacia, które ze względu na rozpoznanie podzielono na 3 grupy. Grupę ZOKN stanowiło 110 niemowląt z zaburzeniem ośrodkowej koordynacji nerwowej ( ZOKN), grupę MPD 60 dzieci z różnymi postaciami mózgowego porażenia dziecięcego (MPD) i grupę kontrolną dzieci zdrowych (GK). Dane z wywiadu i dokumentacji medycznej o rodzinie, czynnikach ryzyka nieprawidłowego rozwoju w przebiegu ciąży, porodu i okresu noworodkowego oraz obserwacja relacji między matką i dzieckiem zostały pogrupowane w postaci 47 zbiorczych cech diagnostycznych, w systemie informatycznym utworzyły bazę danych do wyliczenia metodą Anny Krefft dwóch funkcji syntetycznych ZPZCPN oraz ZPIMD. Wyniki zestawione w tabelach i na rycinach, zweryfikowano statystycznie. Wyniki: Wykazano 1) Istotnie statystycznie gorsze warunki socjodemograficzne rodzin dzieci z grupy MPD i ZOKN w porównaniu do grupy kontrolnej (większa dzietność, starszy wiek rodziców i gorzej wykształceni rodzice, częściej bez pracy stałej) 2) Ujemną korelację między wzrostem funkcji ZPZCPN mierzącej poziom zagrożenia rozwoju dzieci w ciąży, porodu i noworodka a poziomem interakcji w diadzie matka dziecko mierzony przy pomocy funkcji ZPIMD (estymator korelacji dla tych zmiennych p = -0,21).
EN
Introduction: The paper attempts to assess the risk factors of significant in shaping the level of interaction between mother and child with disabilities on the basis of interviews, medical records and clinical observation. Aims: Defining the socio- demographic conditions of families and evaluation of correlation between the risk factors of infants’ incorrect development and a level of interaction between a mother and a child Material and methods: The study involved 230 mothers and their children aged 0-3 years from Subcarpathian region. They have been classified into 3 groups. The first one included 110 infants with central coordination disorder CCD. The second group was 60 infants with different types of infantile cerebral palsy (CP) and 60 healthy infants (CG). The data from anamnesis and medical records about the families and risk factors of incorrect development in the course of pregnancy, birth, infancy period but also interaction between a mother and a child have been collected on the basis of observations. These observations in the form of 47 diagnostic features in accordance with Ann Krefft’s mathematical model enabled the calculation of synthetic diagnostic functions ZPZCPN (the level of fetal distress, pregnancy and infancy) and ZPIMD (the level of interaction between a mother and a child). The results are shown in the tables and figures which have been verified statistically. Results: 1. Socio- demographic conditions of families with children who suffer from CP and CCD are much statistically worse when compared to the control group (bigger number of children in a family, older age of parents, worse educated parents, parents without a permanent job) 2. A negative correlation between the growth of ZPZCPN function (which measures the level of fetal distress, pregnancy and infancy) and the level of interaction between a mother and a child ZPIMD function). The estimator for these variables is p = -0,21
Logopedia
|
2018
|
vol. 47 EN
|
issue 2
371-386
EN
The article presents the issue of logopaedic diagnostic treatment which was conducted on the patient with cerebral palsy her late childhood and early adulthood. The authors carried out the evaluation of the language acquisition level (both oral and written) and the assessment of nonverbal communication. Types of deficits in communication and their determinants were identified, which constituted the basis of logopaedic diagnosis. Referring to the results of their own studies, the authors indicated the need of conducting longitudinal studies in logopaedics in case of patients with coupled disorders as well as creating and standardizing techniques and diagnostic tools that could be applied to carry out longitudinal studies on the groups of patients.
PL
W zespole mózgowego porażenia dziecięcego (mpdz) jednym z częściej występujących objawów są trudności w przyjmowaniu pokarmów i napojów. Czynności jedzenia i picia to złożone procesy, które poza prawidłowym funkcjonowaniem motorycznym obszaru orofacjalnego wymagają również synchronizacji z oddychaniem, stabilności posturalnej, w tym kontroli głowy, oraz szeregu innych sprawności motorycznych. W wyniku mózgowego porażenia dziecięcego funkcjonowanie pacjenta we wszystkich tych obszarach może być zaburzone, co przejawia się trudnościami w jedzeniu i piciu, wpływając na stan odżywienia, a przez to na stan somatyczny i psychiczny pacjenta. Celem pracy jest przedstawienie narzędzia do oceny umiejętności jedzenia i picia u osób z mózgowym porażeniem dziecięcym, komplementarnego wobec systemów służących ocenie lokomocji (GMFCS), manipulacji (MACS) i komunikacji (CFCS), która jest istotnym elementem wielospecjalistycznej diagnozy zaburzeń w zespole dziecięcego porażenia mózgowego na potrzeby postępowania logopedycznego.
EN
One of the most frequent symptoms in infantile cerebral palsy syndrome is eating and drinking difficulties. The functions of eating and drinking are complex processes which, apart from the correct motor functioning of the orofacial area, also require synchronization with breathing, postural stability, including controlling of the head, and a number of other motor skills. Because of infantile cerebral palsy, the functioning of the patient in all these areas may be disturbed, which manifests itself in eating and drinking difficulties, influencing the state of nourishment and thereby the patient’s somatic and psychological condition. The goal of the study is to present the tool for the assessment of eating and drinking abilities in cerebral palsy patients, complementary to the systems serving to assess gross motor functions (GMFCS), manual abilities (MACS) and communication (CFCS), which is a significant element in the multi diagnosis of disorders in the cerebral palsy syndrome, necessary for speech therapy treatment.
EN
Use of the equipment (non-robotic rehabilitation therapy) in adolescent patient with cerebral palsy. Impact of therapy for re-education movements of the paretic upper limb. Brief description of the equipment Armeo® re-education, efficiency and utilization. A case report of a patient with cerebral palsy – hemiparesis consisted a method of a prospective survey. The analysis of results have shown that after treatment the patient has improved the range of motion in hemiparetic upper limb and improvement in functional test of working skills and also improvement in grip ability of paretic hand. Improvement has been not only on physical, but also on mental level and we would like to emphasize the success rate of motivation of the patient in his adolescent age.
PL
W pracy opisano możliwości wykorzystania sprzętu Armeo® (non-robotic rehabilitation therapy) u pacjenta w wieku rozwojowym z mózgowym porażeniem dziecięcym. Przedstawiono wpływ terapii na reedukację ruchów niedowładnej kończyny górnej. Dokonano krótkiego opisu i możliwości wykorzystania sprzętu Armeo®. Opisano przypadek pacjenta z mózgowym porażeniem dziecięcym, z niedowładem połowiczym. Po zakończonej rehabilitacji zaobserwowano u pacjenta poprawę funkcjonalną, zwiększenie zakresów ruchów niedowładnej kończyny górnej, a także poprawę zdolności chwytnych dłoni. Poprawa dotyczyła nie tylko aspektu fizycznego, lecz również psychicznego, gdyż zaobserwowano również poprawę w poziomie motywacji pacjenta.
EN
In the article, the communicative competence of a 12 year old girl with cerebral palsy and mild intellectual disability was characterised. These developmental disorders exert a significant impact on child’s skills in the field of speech expression and perception. Moreover, they lead to speech disorders: oligophasia and dysarthria. The case study method was used to conduct the research. In the first part of this article the authors described two issues: cerebral palsy and intellectual disability. They indicated the causes, as well as the most common symptoms of these developmental disorders. In the next part the authors provided an extensive description of various diagnostic tests. They enabled the researchers to explore, among others, speech expression and perception, as well as phonematic hearing. The results of these different tests were thoroughly analysed. Consequently, it has been proved that the level of child’s linguistic and communication skills corresponds to the results achieved by children with similar deficits and disorders.
EN
Graphomotor skills are the object of research in the developmental aspect (in the normal and in diverse pathological cases, in the context of the child’s acquisition of basic school skills) and in the cases of their loss, e.g. in the course of neurodegenerative diseases. Because of the fact that writing disorders often accompany speech disorders, particularly those determined neurologically, the assessment of graphomotor skills as a sphere important for written communication (and thereby linguistic communication) should be an obligatory element of logopedic diagnosis. In the case of dysarthric patients and accompanying graphomotor disorders the analysis of specificity of these disorders (both the course of graphomotor activities and their products) may help diagnose clinical neuromotor symptoms, which in turn facilitates diagnosis of a clinical type of dysarthria.
EN
Energy needs among neurologically impaired children are difficult to define, so malnutrition or overnutrition are common. Nutritional support should be integral part of therapy reducing morbidity and improving rehabilitation effects. Considering multidisciplinary team working with neurologically impaired children we should always remember about improving oromotor dysfunction and nutritional intervention.
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