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EN
The aim of the article is to present evolution in change management models and the need of redesigning the current change management concepts with the use of organisational network analysis. Firstly, the article summarizes the evolution of change management approaches presenting the theoretical background of the need to revise change management models. Then the author underlines benefits of organisational network analysis enabling deep research on current change management trends. In addition, the article uncovers very introductory empirical research aimed at estimating the need for revitalising change management models. Finally, the author proposes further empirical research linking change management models and organisational network analysis.
EN
Change management in e-government implementation is a very complex issue. E-government services are frequently distributed over different IT systems and organizations. There are also events from outside the public administration that cause changes such as government policies and legislation, public-private partnership, etc., and finally a huge resistance to change exists in public administration proverbial. Another problem is that the e-government is predominantly seen only as a technology mission and not as an organizational transformation issue. Those are probably the main reasons that the existing literature about change management in e-government is still missing at large. There are articles dealing with some aspects of changes affected by the new technology implementation, however, there is no comprehensive framework that would identify changes that have to be managed in e-government implementation. Therefore, the main aim of the paper is to identify a comprehensive set of changes that have to be considered in e-government implementation and the role of leadership in such processes. Finally, the paper proposes a conceptual model of change management in e-government implementation.
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EN
The article presents selected problems accompanying change management, with particular emphasis on possible behaviours on the part of staff. By emphasizing the possible reactions of employees to changes in the organization, possible ways of overcoming barriers that may appear in the process of change were emphasized. The role that should be played by the manager, who during the shift must be a leader and a leader who inspires staff, is highlighted.
EN
The main purpose of this paper is to present the issues related to organizational change in the context of the challenges faced by both managers and other employees of a company. The proposed view is anchored in the psychodynamic approach to organization and management. This article is focused on the superior-subordinate relationship in the context of change, presenting it from the perspective of intrapsychic processes. The author makes an attempt of characterizing both rational, conscious processes and the processes that occur beneath the surface of consciousness, which are automatic and unconscious. The latter usually conceal strong emotions, both positive (hope and curiosity) and negative (anxiety, anger, disappointment), as well as the beliefs and motives of actions undertaken by organization members. The defence mechanisms questionnaire (DSQ) was used to identify the automatic application of mechanisms to cope with difficult situations. The results indicate that neurotic mechanisms dominate among the surveyed managers, specially idealization, but also pseudoaltruism gains high level. However, more dangerous and counterproductive from the perspective of team work, are such mechanisms as projection, denial, isolation and displacement. Interviews with managers made it possible to develop a picture of the organizational change from the perspective of managers.
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EN
The article presents selected problems accompanying change management, with particular emphasis on possible behaviours on the part of staff. By emphasizing the possible reactions of employees to changes in the organization, possible ways of overcoming barriers that may appear in the process of change were emphasized. The role that should be played by a manager, who must be a leader and a leader who inspires staff during a shift, is emphasized.
PL
W artykule omówiono wyniki autorskiego badania dotyczącego oczekiwań pracowników w obszarze funkcjonowania w zmiennym otoczeniu biznesowym w opinii przyszłych pracowników z pokolenia Y, którzy obecnie wkraczają na globalny rynek pracy. Prezentowane wyniki badania ukazują opinie respondentów z Polski, Ukrainy i Grecji oraz trendy zmian w zakresie komunikacji z przyszłymi pracownikami. Wnioski stanowią rekomendacje dla kadry zarządzającej w zakresie zarządzania zmianą w organizacjach, w których pracują pracownicy z pokolenia Y. Wnioski z przeprowadzonego badania wskazują, że respondenci upatrują w zmianie lepszą perspektywę, pokłady dodatkowej energii do działania oraz zarówno możliwość wykazania się, jak również możliwość wykorzystania swoich silnych stron albo rozwoju swoich słabych stron. Co szósty respondent postrzega zmianę jako intrygującą przyszłość. Aby skutecznie wprowadzać zmiany w organizacjach, kadra zarządzająca nieustannie musi zmierzać się z minimalizowaniem oporu pracowników. Wydaje się, że obecnie wkraczające młode pokolenie Y na rynek pracy może usprawnić implementowanie zmian.
EN
In her article, the author discussed the findings of the author’s research on employees’ expectations in the field of functioning in the variable business environment in the opinion of prospect employees from Generation Y who have currently been entering the global labour market. The presented research findings show the opinions of respondents from Poland, Ukraine and Greece as well as the trends of changes as regards communication with prospect employees. The conclusions are recommendations for the managerial staff in the area of change management within the organisations where the employees from Generation Y work. The conclusions stemming from the conducted research indicate that the respondents see in the change a better perspective for themselves, layers of additional energy to act and both the opportunity to demonstrate one’s abilities and the possibility to make use of one’s strengths or to change one’s weaknesses into strengths. Every sixth respondent perceives the change as an intriguing future. In order to effectively introduce changes within organisations the managerial staff must unceasingly cope with minimising employees’ resistance. It seems that the young generation Y, currently entering the labour market, may have improved the change implementation.
EN
The main purpose of the paper is the analysis of a process of change focusing particularly on the concept of slimmed production (Lean) and its implementation in the enterprise. A case study method was chosen as a research tool because it offers wide array of techniques and means of gaining and analysing data. A metallurgical company was evaluated as a case study in this article. Thanks to the implementation of Autonomous Maintenance the company reached a growth in skills and responsibility for work done and a reduction in malfunction at work places. Thus, total process maintenance (TPM) as one of the Lean concept tools whose implementation significantly influences industrial workers’ competences was chosen for the analysis. Referring to the bibliography on change management, the article focused on one of the changes in particular – the change in human resources management (namely in employees' skills) in steel and manufacturing companies.
EN
The article, based on empirical research in one of the production and service companies acting in energy industry, develops the introductory implications on how social capital of change leaders is linked to the effectiveness of change implementation. Using organisational network analysis the author examines influence of social capital of change leaders in the area of real work flow during change implementation and open communication flow on change effectiveness. One finds that ties among change leaders in those two dimensions have distinct change effectiveness effects. In broaden aspect, findings have major implications on change management research and imply further research in this matter to be conducted by the author.
EN
The events related to the armed conflict in Ukraine undoubtedly have an impact on the image of the modern world economy. As a consequence, it forces the enterprise to implement specific actions related to change management, which should be a response to the changing environment, in this case based on changes in the security environment. On the basis of the conducted research, the authors emphasize that due to the interruption of the supply chain, forced changes in the TFL sector, the social impact and the social role of enterprises, the preparation of change management plans is a complicated and difficult task facing modern enterprises. In this article, the authors draw attention to the multifaceted nature of this phenomenon.
EN
A VUCA world (described with four attributes: volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity) and the resulting need to implement changes continuously in almost every area of organisational activity have enhanced the awareness of organisations with regard to searching for skilful managers/leaders of change and building up competencies in change management amongst their staff. At the same time, however, quite a large proportion of changes fail. The paper aims to identify major challenges faced when implementing significant changes in an organisation using two case studies as an example. The first case study concerns a change to the Agile approach in an organisation’s operations, while the second one – the implementation of the Design Thinking concept in the work of project teams. The obtained results have become a starting point for more in-depth studies on change management focused in particular on factors contributing to organisational change success or failure and the role of individual stakeholders in the process.
EN
In the paper, the author presents a brief outline of conducting and monitoring foreign language teaching. Such management must be based on strictly specified procedures and norms. The paper also presents procedures for performing teaching tasks as well as administrative ones, connected with teaching students a foreign language, on the example of UITM. The author describes the system for qualifying students to language groups, informs about risks that might occur when performing the tasks, and suggests preventive means to avoid those risks. The qualitative objectives and measures of attaining them are also covered. The paper indicates that the on-going process of economic and political changes as well as recent major demographic changes in Poland and in Europe make it necessary to continue seeking further improvements in managing the process of conducting and monitoring language teaching. Further concrete and effective action needs to be taken in managing the process of conducting and monitoring foreign language teaching.
e-mentor
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2024
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vol. 104
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issue 2
23-33
EN
The healthcare sector is constantly changing due to many different factors, both external and internal, such as regulatory, organizational, technological, personnel, financial, and geopolitical change. Change management methods and tools are useful for effectively planning, implementing and monitoring change. The important issue is in which areas and to what extent change management is utilized in healthcare. The aim of this text is therefore to conduct a scoping literature review on change management in healthcare and to develop, based on the results of this research, a theoretical model of determinants and motives for implementing change management in healthcare. A scoping review of the literature was conducted to determine the extent to which change management is applied in healthcare organizations. Texts meeting the inclusion criteria were searched for in four databases: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and EBSCO. The search was limited to texts published in English. Of the 247 publications screened, 73 met the inclusion criteria. Additionally, 1021 keywords were selected from the screened publications, of which 137 met the inclusion criteria and were approved for the keyword analysis. The keywords formed seven thematic clusters: human, change management, organization and management, leadership, healthcare delivery, hospital management, and productivity. There are a number of motives for using change management in healthcare, and all centre around a few determinants that can be divided into those directly related to the specifics of the healthcare sector and those directly related to management processes. These determinants and motives were included in the theoretical model.
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Content available remote

Integrated airport safety audit

75%
LogForum
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2017
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vol. 13
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issue 1
39-49
EN
Background: The aim of the article is to present the concept of integrated management of airport safety audit. Airports function in a dynamically changing environment. These changes are the result of EU legislative processes and the changes of safety risk profile. Therefore, it is necessary to search for new and effective methods of ensuring safety and security of airports. Methods: The efficient and effective method seems to be an integrated safety audit. The concept of such has been developed on the basis of the ICAO and EASA regulations and ISO standards and guidelines for the management systems. Results: Developed design of integrated safety airport audit is the first-party audit. It takes into account the currently applicable legal requirements concerning the management and certification of the airports, which aim is to ensure safety and security. The project involves the integration of management systems and refers to the issue of conversion Aerodrome Certificates. Conclusion: So far established management systems and audit programs in civil aviation relate primarily to the safety and security issues of air transport. However, omitting the change management and the flow of means of transport and loading units at the airport issues, which conducive to the fluctuation and escalation of threats. It follows the need to extend the formula and the audit scope, which will continue in the further work of the author.
PL
Wstęp: Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie koncepcji zarządzania zintegrowanym wewnętrznym audytem bezpieczeństwa portu lotniczego. Porty lotnicze funkcją w dynamicznie zmiennym otoczeniu. Zmiany te wynikają z procesów legislacyjnych Unii Europejskiej oraz zmiany profilu współczesnych zagrożeń bezpieczeństwa transportu lotniczego. Zatem, koniecznym jest poszukiwanie nowych, skutecznych metod zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa i ochrony portów lotniczych. Metody: Taką, skuteczną i efektywną metodą wydaje się być zintegrowany audyt bezpieczeństwa. Koncepcja takiego audytu została opracowana na podstawie przepisów ICAO i EASA oraz standardów i wytycznych systemów zarządzania ISO. Wyniki: Opracowany projekt zintegrowanego audytu bezpieczeństwa portu lotniczego jest audytem strony pierwszej. Uwzględnia on aktualnie obowiązujące wymagania prawne dotyczące systemu zarządzania i certyfikacji portu, których celem jest zapewnienie bezpieczeństwa i ochrony. Projekt zakłada integrację systemów zarządzania oraz odnosi się do zagadnienia konwersji Certyfikatów Lotnisk. Wnioski: Dotychczas ustanowione systemy zarządzania i programy audytów w lotnictwie cywilnym dotyczą zagadnień bezpieczeństwa i ochrony transportu lotniczego. Pomijają natomiast zagadnienia zarządzania zmianą oraz przepływu środków transportu i jednostek ładunkowych w porcie lotniczym, co sprzyja występowaniu zjawiska rozprzestrzeniania się zagrożeń. W odniesieniu do tego, celowym będzie rozszerzenie formuły i zakresu audytu bezpieczeństwa, co będzie kontynuowane w dalszych pracach Autora.
PL
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie koncepcji zmian i rozwoju organizacyjnego w przedsiębiorstwie. W zakresie zmian organizacyjnych mieści się czynnik zarządzania, personalny, informacyjny i techniczno-produkcyjny. Autor koncentruje rozważania na ramach metodologicznych procesu zmian i efektywności zmian organizacyjnych. Szczególną uwagę kieruje na problem analizy ryzyka i wykonalności projektów.
EN
The object of the paper is to present the concept of changes and development management in an enterprise. The starting point of the essay is the interpretation of the changes and the development in the following systems: organization, personnel, information and production. The main contents of the work concern a suggestion for the methodological framework of the designing process and the effectiveness of organizational changes. Special attention was focused upon the problem of risk analysis and feasibility studies.
EN
Background Lean healthcare management is an innovative approach to process management in healthcare organizations. Despite that the Lean principles have been increasingly recognized worldwide as a tool to boost organizational performance, improve the quality of care and curb waste, the Lean methodology can be difficult to implement in some countries. This study seeks to identify the facilitators of and barriers to the implementation of Lean in the healthcare system in Poland. Material and Methods A public consultation was held among 318 representatives of stakeholder groups in the healthcare system in Poland. Data was collected using validated self-administered questionnaires. Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 25 software. Results The study revealed that a large share of respondents believed that the awareness of the existing organizational deficiencies in work practices among stakeholders can greatly facilitate the implementation of Lean in the healthcare system in Poland (50.9%, p < 0.05). The main barriers to the deployment of Lean include lack of awareness of the Lean methodology and its benefits (76.1%, p < 0.001); insufficient institutional support (43.7%), and lack of funding for Lean solutions (32.4%). Conclusions Gaps in the medical curricula and education programs for healthcare professionals concerning the latest process management solutions in healthcare should be addressed in order to raise awareness of the benefits of cooperation with and the active involvement of Lean experts in applying “lean” ideas to improve the organizational performance in healthcare. It is also necessary for policy makers to be aware of the benefits of contemporary process management in healthcare and to support its implementation. Med Pr. 2023;74(1):1–8
EN
The current economic situation brings many challenges for the function-ing of en terprises. eTh global polarization of the world economy is progressing within the production and consumption poles as well as the centre of financial surpluses and th centre of debt. An additional factor having a significant impact on market realities the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. eTh high dynamics of economic processes forces enterprises to change management methods, operating strategies, the range of too used, as well as changes necessary in organizational culture, not to mention applicat of new technologies. It can be said that we operate in the era of changes, so chan management is becoming a dynamically developing area. eTh current economic challenges have significantly influenced the development of modern methods of supply chain management. eTh aim of the paper is to identify the changes in the approach to supply chain management in the pandemic era. eTh discussion is based on the analysis of source wmaterials, including industry reports, as well as the presentation modern methods of supply chain management based on author's practical experience.
EN
Assumptions the concept of customer relationship management (CRM) clearly set out new conditions under which the company will operate after the organizational change. The new situation in which employees will perform certain tasks, it can arouse fear and anxiety. Commitment and mutual support are essential both during the implementation of CRM, as well as after its completion. Participants in the process of change should not only deeply believe in the success of the enterprise, but also actively participate in showing their creativity, flexibility and courage to solve problems not explicitly defined. The decision to implement CRM in the enterprise can not be treated as a response to a fashion, but as the project essential to enhance the effectiveness of the organization, as well as a way of strengthening the competitive position of companies in the market.
PL
Założenia koncepcji zarządzania relacjami z klientem (CRM) wyraźnie określają nowe warunki, w których przedsiębiorstwo będzie funkcjonować po dokonaniu zmiany organizacyjnej. Nowa sytuacja, w której przyjdzie pracownikom wykonywać określone zadania, może wzbudzać lęk i niepokój. Zaangażowanie oraz wzajemne wsparcie stają się niezmiernie ważne zarówno w czasie implementacji CRM, jak i po jej zakończeniu. Uczestnicy procesu zmian powinni nie tylko głęboko wierzyć w sukces przedsięwzięcia, ale również aktywnie w nim uczestniczyć, wykazując się kreatywnością, elastycznością oraz odwagą w rozwiązywaniu problemów niejednoznacznie zdefiniowanych. Decyzja o implementacji CRM w przedsiębiorstwie nie może być traktowana jako odpowiedź na swoistą modę, lecz jako przedsięwzięcie konieczne dla podniesienia poziomu efektywności funkcjonowania organizacji, a także jako sposób na wzmocnienie pozycji konkurencyjnej przedsiębiorstwa na rynku.
EN
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic was a challenging time for societies, governments, healthcare systems, and individual components of the system. Hospitals were the only ones during the entire period of the pandemic that allowed for direct contact between the patient and the doctor. In order for the organization to carry out its responsibilities, it had to implement a number of organizational solutions, which it designed based on its competencies, and implemented thanks to its openness to change. This unlocked the potential for agility in its operations. Based on the literature, the article presents the identification of key success factors in the context of management processes in a hospital under uncertainty. Then, on the basis of the presented case study of a teaching hospital, the key success factors in the process of ensuring business continuity during a pandemic period and the implementation of critical tasks additionally related to the launch of a temporary hospital were evaluated. The conducted considerations made it possible to present recommendations in the undertaken research area.
PL
Pandemia SARS-CoV-2 była czasem wyzwań dla społeczeństw, rządów, systemu ochrony zdrowia oraz poszczególnych elementów tego systemu. Szpitale w czasie pandemii, jako jedyne przez cały okres jej trwania, umożliwiały bezpośredni kontakt pacjenta z lekarzem. Aby instytucje te mogły realizować swoje obowiązki, musiały wdrożyć wiele rozwiązań organizacyjnych, które projektowały na podstawie swoich kompetencji i wdrażały dzięki otwartości na zmiany. To uwalniało potencjał zapewniający im zwinność w działaniu. Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja kluczowych czynników sukcesu w kontekście procesów zarządczych w szpitalu w warunkach niepewności oraz ich ocena na podstawie zaprezentowanego studium przypadku. Analizie poddano priorytetowe czynniki w procesie zapewnienia ciągłości działania w okresie pandemicznym oraz realizacji krytycznych zadań związanych z uruchomieniem dodatkowo szpitala tymczasowego. Przeprowadzone rozważania pozwoliły na sformułowanie rekomendacji w podjętym obszarze badawczym.
PL
Artykuł stanowi próbę oceny przydatności dokumentów z zakresu planowania przestrzennego do zarządzania zmianą w miastach dziedzictwa. Analiza przeprowadzona została na podstawie przestrzeni Krakowa w granicach obejmujących tzw. Wielki Kraków, który powstał z włączenia w struktury miasta gmin ościennych w początkach XX w. Obecnie przestrzeń ta stanowi rdzeń miasta. Pociąga to za sobą określone konsekwencje związane z rosnącą presją inwestycyjną w dość mocno już zajętej przestrzeni. Autorka w badaniu dowodzi, że pomimo wielu mankamentów, jakie ma system planowania przestrzennego w Polsce, należy maksymalnie wykorzystywać możliwe prawem rozwiązania do ukierunkowywania zmian w obszarach cennych pod względem: kulturowym, społecznym, przyrodniczym. W analizie wskazano na te aspekty polityki przestrzennej, które powinny być szczególnie uwzględniane w mieście dziedzictwa, popierając tezy konkretnymi przykładami konsekwencji dotychczasowych działań lub przeciwnie – zaniechań.
EN
The article assesses the usefulness of documents in the field of spatial planning for change management in heritage cities. The analysis was carried out on the basis of the Cracow borders of Greater Cracow, which were created by the inclusion of the neighbouring municipalities in the early twentieth century. Today, this space is the core of the city. This implies certain consequences associated with investment pressure in a space that is already heavily invested in. The author of the study shows that despite the many drawbacks that the system of spatial planning in Poland has, it should be possible to take maximum advantage of legal solutions to direct changes in the valuable areas. The analysis indicates those aspects of spatial policy which should be particularly taken into account in heritage cities. The thesis is supported with specific examples of the consequences of actions that were taken – or not taken – in the past.
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