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Hope – a key to the art of life

100%
Kozielecki J.
Nauka
|
2009
|
issue 2
PL
Psychological research has attested to the crucial role of hope in education, business, medicine, and politics. Living in hope enhances the chances of success, helps to adapt to the environment and makes our life more meaningful. On the other hand, absence of hope (hopelessness) leads to cynicism or despair.
2
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Death Awaits Me: An Existential Phenomenology of Suicide

88%
French M.
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture
|
2020
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vol. 4
|
issue 2
70-89
EN
This paper provides a phenomenology of the suicidal process. It begins with an examination of the self and the breaks that occur within the world that the suicidal individual endures. This includes an examination of suicidal hopelessness, termed in this paper as ontological petrification. It follows with the role in which hope plays in the suicidal. The paper then turns to carrying out the action of suicide, including a discussion of the suicide note and the developing form of the suicide note as found in live-streams on social media. The paper concludes by describing the completion of the suicidal process, and the persistence of the suicidal drive in the suicidal individual. The paper makes use of suicide notes, video suicide notes, and stories of suicides.
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THE ARRESTED FLIGHT: THE COGNITIVE MODEL OF SUICIDAL BEHAVIOUR

75%
Perczel Forintos D.
Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)
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2011
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vol. 66
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issue 1
185-201
EN
Literature refers to the presuicidal condition as the “cry for help” syndrome by Ringel. Since most suicide attempts happen in major depression, empirical research by Teasdale, Williams, Zullinger and Nezu from the 1990s identified more clearly the cognitive characteristics of patients with suicide attempt. These are the followings: the negative cognitive triad, overgeneralized autobiographical memory related to low levels of problem solving skills and hopelessness. Hopelessness can be characterized by negative perspectives of the future and it is considered as a reliable predictor of suicidality. The arrested flight model by Williams provides a coherent theoretical framework for these different characteristics. The keyword of the model is called „entrapment” which is borrowed from evolutionary psychology. Entrapment occurs when the individual can not escape from the aversive situation where she/he was defeated or humiliated. Since psychological characteristics belong to the modifiable risk factors in suicidality, they are extremely important in prevention. Development of problem solving skills by problem solving training is one of the most important empirically grounded approaches in suicide prevention. The aim of this paper is to draw attention to problem solving approaches in effective suicide prevention in Hungary.
4
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Education Goes Awry

63%
Tóth T.
Forum Oświatowe
|
2020
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vol. 32
|
issue 2(64)
29-51
PL
Edukacja stała się jednym z pozornie wszechobecnych i wszechmocnych megaspektakli naszych czasów. Wiara w jej obietnice i potencjały nabrała w ostatnich dekadach niemal religijnego charakteru (ewangelia edukacyjna). Ze względu na przeceniany potencjał edukacji, problemy społeczne są coraz częściej rozwiązywane poprzez promowanie zwiększonej edukacji. Państwo nie tylko przenosi problemy społeczne do szkoły, ale także samo pedagoguje kwestie społeczne . Edukacja stała się lekarstwem niemal rozwiązaniem każdego problemu społecznego przy jednoczesnym wskazywaniu wszechobecnego kryzysu w edukacji. Reformy i innowacje rozwijają się wbrew (retorycznej) konstrukcji kryzysu edukacyjnego i porażki. To, co uderza mnie w tym scenariuszu, to fakt, że otacza on dwie asymetryczne pozycje w edukacji, jako części tego samego obrazu. Edukacja oznacza w nim chorobę i remedium, porażkę, a zarazem rozwiązanie. Twierdzę, że badanie takich ontologicznie performatywnych struktur w edukacji jest pomocne w kontestowaniu przyjętych za oczywiste założeń dotyczących edukacji.
EN
This paper is an attempt to formulate theoretically what in practice I experienced as “parallaxes” in education. This practical experience stems from the ethnographic research I conducted during the past few years in places of urban poverty, focusing on the everyday educational realities of ghetto schools. In the shadows – beyond the margins – of the society educational issues appear in a radically different, refracted light. This refraction is capable of illuminating parallaxes education which hold us captive, and thus it is helpful for thinking differently about education. Through playing with four different parallaxes in education, my intention is to confront the readers of this paper with impossibilities and cracks in education similar to those I was confronted with in ghetto schools.
5
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Ludzka potrzeba prawdy jako nadzieja wobec „pękniętego świata" w refleksji Gabriela Marcela

51%
Januszewski Z.
Filozofia Chrześcijańska
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2012
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vol. 9
141-157
EN
Gabriel Marcel is known as a Christian existentialist and a philosopher of hope. Hope for human beings in the broken world is the main thesis of the article. Marcel introduced the idea of a broken world to philosophy as a negative in the moral sense, multidimensional notion that is di- rectly related to our human world. According to Marcel, the root of the broken world is the mys- tery of evil. The broken world occurs everywhere where a human being is left alone without an authentic community, without brotherhood, without hope. However, even in the broken world there is hope for us. In the human soul Marcel discovered a mysterious sensitivity to the light of the truth and the deepest need for the truth. Those qualities of the human heart prove that it is possible for us to turn away from the broken world and to turn to the spirit of truth.
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