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1
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Zmiany znaczeniowe leksemu pomocnik

100%
Jabłońska M.
Poradnik Językowy
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2022
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vol. 791
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issue 2
80-92
EN
The paper shows the changes in the meaning of the word pomocnik (a helper). This lexeme has always existed in the Polish language, but it referred only to people in Old Polish. In later times, it started to be used as the name of plants and the animals that helped the police or disabled people. Now the meaning is much broader. Additionally, the word pomocnik can refer to any object which helps us do something.
2
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Лексические средства выражения оппозиции «свой – чужой» в русскоязычной зарубежной прессе славянских государств

88%
Żdanowa I.
Acta Neophilologica
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2017
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vol. XIX/2
55-64
EN
In this article, the opposition of the “own – alien” in the Russian-language press of the Slavic states is considered. The research is based on the hypothesis assuming the presence of the opposition “own-alien” in media texts, which may be due to mass migrations, frequent acts of terrorism, and complicated political relations between states in the modern world. The article presents ways of manifesting the opposition “own – alien” in media texts and discusses the features of the lexical expression of this opposition.
3
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Роль языковых средств при описании польско-российских отношений в текстах, посвященных теме Катыни (на материале „Газеты Выборча” за период 1989–1999 гг.)

88%
Lukianov D.
Studia Rossica Posnaniensia
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2022
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vol. 47
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issue 2
145-154
EN
In order to form a certain image, media employ various linguistic means, such as metaphors, comparative structures, etc. Based on the material from “Gazeta Wyborcza” concerning the topic of the Katyn massacre, the present study attempts to reconstruct the image of Polish-Russian relations and decide what role the linguistic means used in the articles play in creating the discussed phenomenon. As a result the author concludes that there are two points of view about Russia presented in “Gazeta Wyborcza”. On the one hand, Russia is a criminal country and a debtor that cannot fulfil its obligations. On the other hand, Russia is a state that is open for cooperation and capable of helping. There are also two different points of view about the Polish-Russian relationships. As stated by some experts, Polish-Russian relations in the analyzed period are characterized as negative. According to the other opinions (prior to the 2022 war), these relations are getting better and perhaps will continue to improve.
4
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Zur Gegenwart und Geschichte der Forschungen zu deutschen lexikalischen Entlehnungen im Polnischen

88%
Marek R., Universität Łódź P. F.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Germanica
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2013
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vol. 09
EN
The article presents research into borrowings from German to the Polish language. That research was initiated in the 19th century. German lexical borrowings were linked to other linguistic issues, such as morphology, syntax, phonology or semantic field theory. The most important researcher of German borrowings in Polish were Aleksander Bruckner, Leszek Moszyński, Ludwik Zabrocki, Wilhelm Kästner, Alicja Karszniewicz-Mazur etc. The article is a critical analysis of the most significant publications on this subject.
5
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Stałość i zmienność w leksykograficznej kodyfikacji wybranych niemieckich zapożyczeń leksykalnych z grupy rzeczowej „budownictwo” w „Słowniku języka polskiego” pod redakcją Witolda Doroszewskiego oraz w „Słowniku języka polskiego PWN” pod redakcją Elżbiety Sobol

88%
Marek R., Uniwersytet Łódzki W. F.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Germanica
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2015
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vol. 11
EN
This article presents German loanwords in the Polish language. Its aim is twofold: to discuss words of German origin in Polish, as well as to stress Polish-German language contacts and their influences on vocabulary (a significant number of German loanwords refer to the building industry). The analysis will not only deal with the meaning and etymology of particular words, but will also scrutinize their description in the dictionaries of Polish edited by Doroszewski and Sobol.
6
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Verschiedene Forschungsfragen aus dem phraseologischen und parömiologischen Bereich

88%
Pawlak W.
Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław
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2020
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issue 18
521-525
EN
This anthology includes the texts of the 2th international conference “German phraseology and paremiology in contact and contrast”, which was organized from 23th May to 25th, 2019 at the Institute for German Studies at the University of Wrocław. The anthology contains articles from different subject areas that refer to proverbs and idioms. You can find here the studies of grammar, of syntax, of semantics, of linguistics and of didactics.
7
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Стилске карактеристике лексике превода текстова из сфере православне духовности на савремени српски језик

76%
Levuškina R. S.
Stylistyka
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2020
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vol. 29
385-397
EN
In Serbian theolinguistics, there is a good terminological and theoretical basis for research of sacral functional stylistics complex, e.g. functional varieties and genres of the literary language determined by sacral spheres and aims of communication. In this paper, about 160–170 lexical units from two texts of this sphere and literary style have been analyzed. The first one is novel Lavr, translated into Serbian from Russian and the second is Service of the Icon of the Mother of God Velikore - m e t s k a – translated into Serbian from the Church-Slavonic language. The first genre (novel) belongs to both the sacral and profane sphere, while the second one (service) is a genre belonging to the sacral sphere only. Stylematic characteristics of lexical units from these texts have been analyzed, mostly on lexical, phonetic-morphological and derivational language levels. In almost all cases (except terminology) stylistically adequate lexemes have been opposed to stylistically neutral (or other) synonym(s). Although we already know what basic constitutive elements of sacral functional stylistics complex (churchslavonisms and archaisms) are, there is not enough synchronic stylistic research of concrete material belonging to sacral functional stylistics complex in the Serbian linguistics. This offered here is one of the first and we hope it to be stimulating for other researchers, so that we can create a bigger list of stylistic adequate lexemes used in sacral genres. This will be useful not only for stylistics of sacral genres, but also for the theory and practice of translation, as well as to Serbian and Slavic theolinguistics.
8
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Le préfixoïde - un outil de description morphologique et élément du système de la langue française et polonaise

75%
Fijałkowska W.
LingVaria : Półrocznik Wydziału Polonistyki UJ poświęcony zagadnieniom języka i językoznawstwa
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2014
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issue 18
177-191
EN
Based on Polish and French vocabulary, this paper proposes criteria which shall make it possible to diHerentiate between prefixoids and prefixes. Uere are three such criteria: 1. prefixoids have the capacity to become autonomous (and even to become bases in word formation), and are impossible to substitute in their semantic representation by native prefixes, or to be expanded into full lexemes; 2. lexemes are created together with sufixoids, showing that neither of them are just afixes; 3. in some cases, the position of sufixoids can vary with regard to the lexical element which co-forms the compound lexeme. It is for these reasons that these elements deserve their own place in the morphological description of, at least, Polish and French.
9
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Od wyrazu do hasła słownikowego

75%
Sadziński W.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Germanica
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2016
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issue 12
107-122
EN
In this article we find lexicographical reflections on the German (and Polish) dictionaries primarily in the context of the amount and structure of the contained therein lexemes. The author weaves considerations about the type of dictionary entries and how they can be lemmatised, eg. putting in dictionaries often only parts of compound words (eg. Affen-, Hunde-, -frei, -hungrig) to productively contribute to the development of vocabulary (eg. Affenschnell, Hundehitze, sozialversicherungsfrei, sexhungrig). The article also touched upon the issue of online dictionaries (digitized) and the increasingly important issue of foreign words, particularly English. The object of the considerations are mainly the Duden dictionaries, and also Wordbooks from Adelung, Klappenbach / Steinitz, Doroszewski, Zgółkowa, Żmigrodzki et al.
PL
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10
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Zu slawischen Anleihen im österreichischen Deutsch und deren Lemmatisierung in „Duden. Deutsches Universalwörterbuch” und „Duden. Wie sagt man in Österreich?”

75%
Marek R., Universität Łódź P. F.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Germanica
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2014
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vol. 10
EN
This article presents Slavic loanwords in the Austrian variant of the German language. Its aim is twofold: it discusses words of Polish, Slovakian, Czech, Serbo­-Croatian, and Slovenian origin in the Austrian variant of German, as well as stressing the multicultural history of Austria and its influence on vocabulary (a significant number of Slavic loanwords refer to culinary lexis denoting the names of Slavic meals). The analysis will not only deal with the meaning and etymology of particular words, but will also scrutinize their description in the “Duden” dictionaries: “Deutsches Universalwörterbuch” and “Duden. Wie sagt man in Österreich?”.
11
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Семантико-синтаксичні особливості українських й англійських паремій: зіставний аспект

75%
Szulha S.
Studia Ucrainica Varsoviensia
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2018
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vol. 6
295-303
PL
The article in question deals with the linguistic contrastive analysis of the semanticosyntactic structure of Ukrainian and English proverbs. The attention has been focused on the sentence structure including stylistic, functional and semantic overtones. Paroemias are considered as a complicated semantic category which may refl ect the specifi city of perception of the objective reality by the representatives of diff erent ethnos in general and each fragment in particular. In a wide sense a paroemia is an archetype unit that represents ancient culture, traditions and mentality of each nation. The common and diff erent features have been identifi ed according to structure, lexical background and meaning. The most widespread similarities and diff erences have been determined in both languages with the help of structural models.
12
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Die 27. Duden-Auflage und ihre Geheimnisse. Bemerkungen zur Spezifik der aufgenommenen Lexeme

75%
Dargiewicz A.
Orbis Linguarum
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2018
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issue 50
509-523
EN
The 27the Edition of The Duden German Dictionary and Its Secrets: A Characteristics of the Specific Nature of Selected New Entries Duden – an orthographic dictionary of German language – is updated each three to five years, because this is the time period in which enough lexical changes take place to be enumerated and described. On the basis of a representative list of new entries in the latest Duden, conclusions are drawn in this article concerning the most recent German vocabulary. The specific nature of the new lexical items is commented upon as well as the most recent tendencies in the German language, the direction in which it is heading and the degree to which the development of the language is correlated with the development of the society and its priorities in the given timeframe and context. Furthermore, an important goal of the present article is to examine the ways in which vocabulary reflects the changes in our attitudes/communication behaviours.
13
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Синтаксическая информация для Активного словаря русского языка

75%
Апресян Ю. Д.
LingVaria : Półrocznik Wydziału Polonistyki UJ poświęcony zagadnieniom języka i językoznawstwa
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2015
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issue Numer Specjalny
13-26
EN
The article discusses the two types of syntactic information assigned to lexemes in the Active Dictionary of Russian (ADR) which is now being compiled at the Vinogradov Russian Language Institute of RAN. A lexeme is viewed in ADR as a word with only one of its meanings, but with all of the linguistically relevant properties characteristic for that meaning. Syntactic information assigned to a lexeme in ADR comprises government pattern(s) for predicate lexemes, and lexeme specific syntactic constructions, regardless of whether the lexeme is a predicate or not. Government patterns are deduced directly from the meaning definitions of predicate lexemes. Meaning definitions of predicate lexemes are formulated in terms of simpler senses and variables, of the form A1 which denote the semantic actants of the lexeme in question. A government pattern is the sum of lines A1, A2, …, An, each containing information on the external manifestation of the given actant.
14
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The Semantic Scope of the Lexeme Fear in the Biblical Text

75%
Matskiv P., Botvyn T.
Neophilologica
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2022
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vol. 34
1-15
EN
The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the functioning of the lexeme fear [strakh] in the text of the Scriptures in the sphere of sacrum-profanum; the authors have described the method of research of emotional vocabulary in the linguistic aspect. The semantics of the mentioned word in a profane expression has been considered and based on the method of dictionary definition, etymological, contextual and conceptual analyses, and a complex approach. The authors have traced the understanding of fear in the sacral manifestation (fear of God), relying on the divine nature of this occurrence, which goes beyond the natural understanding of the studied phenomenon. The fear of God in the Bible should be considered as blahohovinnia [awe], which has three levels of manifestation: initial: it arises as gratitude to God for forgiven sins and leads a person to awe before the Lord and helps to salve his soul. A higher level is the feeling of blahohovinnia which resides in a person when they stand before God and is ready to obey Him in everything. The highest level of awe is the concept of absolute service to God when there is no fear but only love.The source language clearly distinguishes the concept of natural fear and supernatural fear, whose linguistic signs are separate lexemes, whereas in the Ukrainian language (as well as in Ukrainian translations of Scripture) the expression of these meanings occurs with the help of lexemes strakh [fear], bohobiynyi [God-fearing], pobozhnyi [pious], boyatysia [to fear], shanuvaty [to honour] that does not correlate with the primary source.
15
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Назви опалювальних споруд та їх конструктивних частин у бойківських говірках

71%
Чаган О.
Gwary Dziś
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2019
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vol. 11
EN
The vocabulary of traditional rural construction always reflects the regional culture and customs allowing to reconstruct the history of the material culture of the people as a whole. Heating is one of the most essential typological systems in public dwelling. Research into the heating structures in Boykivshchyna indicates their evolution and improvement resulting in the obsolescence of some and the emergence of new names.The paper analyses the names of heating structures and their components in the context of research into construction vocabulary. The analysis illustrates the variability of lexemes at the phonetic, accentuation, word-formation and grammatical levels. The study corroborates the archaisms of heating structures which have vanished due to changes in the lifestyle of the Boykos. Typical motivational signs of generating names of heating structures and their parts in the studied dialects are the respective building materials, the way the structure or its component are positioned in relation to the main structure, and the residuals stored there. The most productive ways of deriving the names of heating structures and their components are the affixed and analytical methods. The names include borrowings from Polish, German, Hungarian, as well as Turkic and Eastern Roman languages.
PL
У статті проаналізовано назви опалювальних споруд та їх частин у контексті дослідження будівельної лексики в бойківських говірках. Здійснений аналіз ілюструє варіантність лексем на фонетичному, акцентуаційному, словотвірному та граматичному рівнях. Дослідження засвідчує архаїзацію назв опалювальних споруд, що зникли з життя бойків у звʼязку зі зміною процесів господарювання. Типовими мотиваційним ознаками для творення назв опалювальних споруд та їх частин у досліджуваних говірках є будівельний матеріал, з якого їх роблять, спосіб розташування споруди чи конструктивної частини стосовно основної, залишковий продукт, який зберігають у цьому місці.Найпродуктивнішими способами деривації назв опалювальних споруд та їх частин є афіксальний та аналітичний. Серед назв фіксуємо запозичення з польської, німецької, угорської мов, а також зі східнороманських і тюркських мов.
16
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Some Facts on Homonymy in Polish

63%
Cuper A.
Language. Culture. Politics. International Journal
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2020
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vol. 1
15-27
EN
This paper focuses on the investigation into homonymy in Polish, taking into account the existing definitions of this phenomenon. It presents the origin of the word HOMONYMY together with its types with numerous examples. Some of the definitions have been exemplified via lexemes taken from other languages in order to clarify the notion of interlingual homonymy.
PL
Praca ta skupia swoją uwagę na analizie procesu homonimii w języku polskim, podając funkcjonujące definicje tego zjawiska. Prezentuje ona również pochodzenie słowa „homonimia’’ i przedstawia różne rodzaje homonimii. Niektóre z definicji opatrzone są przykładami z innych języków w celu głębszego zaprezentowania homonimii międzyjęzykowej.
17
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Językowy obraz drogi w języku polskim i ukraińskim

63%
Łazarowycz O.
Poradnik Językowy
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2022
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vol. 790
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issue 1
109-128
EN
The presented paper analyses the linguistic view of the road in Polish and Ukrainian from a comparative perspective. It describes the meanings presented in dictionaries, synonyms, metaphors and metonyms, proverbs reflecting the concept of the road. The reconstruction of the linguistic view of the road includes the analysis of the lexical connectivity of the word road, the connotation layer and the phenomenon of “semantics expansion” based on an analysis of text corpora. The paper is part of the stream of ethnolinguistically oriented linguistic research, while using the research apparatus of structuralism and cognitivism.
PL
W przedstawionym artykule poddano analizie językowy obraz drogi w języku polskim i ukraińskim w perspektywie porównawczej. Opisano znaczenia leksemu droga przedstawione w słownikach, synonimy, metafory i metonimie, przysłowia ilustrujące różne znaczenia drogi. W rekonstrukcji językowego obrazu drogi uwzględniono analizę łączliwości leksykalnej wyrazu droga, warstwę konotacyjną, czyli zjawisko „rozszerzania się semantyki” na podstawie analizy korpusów tekstowych. Artykuł wpisuje się w nurt badań językoznawczych ukierunkowanych etnolingwistycznie, wykorzystując aparat badawczy strukturalizmu i kognitywizmu.
18
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Языковой образ Польши и России в текстах обоюдных СМИ

63%
Lukianov D.
Acta Polono-Ruthenica
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2020
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vol. Tom 1 Nr XXV
163-175
RU
Общеизвестно, что средства массовой информации играют важ-ную роль в создании того или иного языкового образа. В данной статье анализиру-ется, как благодаря языковым средствам создаётся образ России в текстах польской газеты «Газета Выборча» и как аналогичным способом создаётся образ Польши в текстах российской газеты «Новая газета». На основании такого анализа удаётся выявить, какие характеристики русские и поляки приписывают друг другу. Кроме того, анализируется, как поляки и русские воспринимают друг друга с точки зре-ния политики, экономики, истории и культуры. В работе рассматриваются статьи, которые посвящены польско-российским отношениям на фоне политических, эконо-мических и исторических событий. Анализ польских СМИ показывает, что сквозь призму политических, экономических и исторических событий польско-российские отношения воспринимаются негативно, тогда как на фоне культурных событий польско-российские отношения воспринимаются положительно. Образ Польши, представленный в российской газете «Новая газета», независимо от затрагиваемого аспекта, существенно не отличается.
PL
It is a well-known fact that mass-media plays an important role in creating the language image of the world. In this article, the author analyses by what linguistic means the image of Russia is created in the texts of the Polish newspaper “Gazeta Wyborcza” and in which way the image of Poland is created in the texts of the Russian newspaper “Novaya Gazeta”. Based on this analysis, the author reveals what main characteristics Poles and Russians attribute to one other. Furthermore, the author explores how Poles and Russians perceive each other in the area of politics, economy, history and culture – aspects which are frequently taken up by the media. Therefore, the author investigates articles which are dedicated to Polish-Russian relations and connected to political, economic and historical events. The analysis of Polish media shows that through the prism of political, economic and historical events, Polish-Russian relations are seen negatively, whereas regarding cultural events, Polish-Russian relations are perceived positively. However, if it comes to the image of Poland presented in the Russian newspaper “Novaya Gazeta” – regardless whether the articles are about politics, economy, history and culture – the image is positive and relatively stable.
19

Russische Lehnwörter im Deutschen

63%
Marek R.
Germanica Wratislaviensia
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2015
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vol. 140
187 - 194
EN
The article attempts to present the impact of the co-existence of the Slavic and Germanic world on the formation of Slavic loanwords in German. The study focuses chiefly on the Russian loanwords in German. It presents and describes the cultural, historical, political, and economic reasons for the transfer of lexical elements of Russian origin to German. The aforementioned factors include: the impact of the Hanseatic trade, political alliances, and conflicts. The work refers to loanwords of Russian origin that have entered German throughout the ages. The article provides examples of words that describe typically Russian phenomena (e.g. Tundra), whose counterparts had not existed in German before.
20
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Stabilność ekspresywna leksemu janusz i jego jednostki derywowane

51%
Kaczerzewska J.
Orbis Linguarum
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2018
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issue 51
85-119
EN
The expressive stability of the polish colloquial lexeme janusz and its derived formes The goal of the paper is to evaluate the expressive stability of lexeme janusz in modern colloquial polish language. This main theme is enriched by some background: history of the lexeme Janusz, polish cultural factors and analysis of numerous derivates of the lexeme janusz and phrases containing this lexeme. The evaluation of the expressive stability of lexeme consist in extracting out of similar dictionary definitions the characteristics elements which allow to find which elements are really similar. As a last step comparision of these elements based on: categories of values established by polish liguist Jadwiga Puzynina, degrees of emotional load and type of emotion contained in words in accordance with Robert Plutchik’s pschoevolutionary theory of emotions.
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