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EN
The term “Anthropocene” is frequently used to refer to the present planetary epoch, characterized by a geological signature of human activities, which have led to global ecological crises. This paper probes at what it means to be human on earth now, using healing as a concept to orient humanity in relation to other species, and particularly medicinal plants. Donna Haraway’s concept of the “Chthulucene” is used as an alternate lens to the Anthropocene, which highlights the inextricable linkages between humans and other-than-human species. Healing can be viewed as a type of embodied orientation or engagement with the world, which has the potential to reach across boundaries of the skin, blur distinctions between self and other, and allow for both transpersonal and trans-species reconciliation. I focus my attention on Indigenous Shipibo healing rituals, and Shipibo concepts of healing that integrate humans within the ecosystem, and traverse species boundaries through communication with and embodiment of plant spirits. These healing rituals offer ways of coming into being within an ecology of selves—both internal and external, human and non-human—through listening and lending voice. I explore the potential for healing and ritual to work as a form of porous resistance through the internal blurring of binaries and hierarchical structures.
Rozprawy Społeczne
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2017
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vol. 11
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issue 4
56-63
PL
Lecznicze wykorzystanie różnych gatunków roślin towarzyszyło już starożytnym cywilizacjom. Sprzyjała temu umiejętność przekazywania wiedzy za pośrednictwem pisma, która posłużyła transferowi informacji w przestrzeni i czasie. Dzięki temu do dzisiaj ocalały dzieła pochodzące ze starożytności i średniowiecza, w których utrwalona została wiedza ówczesnych cywilizacji na temat gatunków roślin leczniczych, jak i sposobów ich wykorzystania. Do najbardziej znaczących dokumentów z tamtych czasów należą m.in. „Zielnik” legendarnego cesarza Sheng Nong, „Papirus Ebersa” czy też „Phisica”, autorstwa najbardziej znanej kobiety związanej z nauką w okresie średniowiecza – Św. Hildegardy z Bingen. Gatunki roślin, które pojawiły się w tych dziełach przypisano do trzech umownych grup, przez co dokonano ich podziału na: rośliny halucynogenne, zioła stosowane w kuchni jako przyprawy oraz tzw. „cudowne rośliny zdrowia, młodości i wesołości”.
EN
Some healing properties of various plant species have already been known by the ancient civilisations. It was possible due to the ability to transfer knowledge through writing, which served to convey information in space and time. Owing to that, some important works could survive from antiquity and medieval times, which presented consolidated knowledge of the then contemporary civilisations on species of medicinal plants, as well as the methods they were applied. The most significant documents of those times included, among others, the work by the legendary emperor − Sheng Nong, Ebers’ Papyrus or Phisica by St. Hildegard of Bingen,− the most famous woman in medieval science. The species of plants that were described in those works were assigned to three contractual groups, namely: hallucinogenic plants; herbs used in cuisine as spices, as well as the so called “miraculous medicinal plants” for health, youthfulness and cheerfulness”.
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Herbarium – Summer 2021

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EN
Introduction. Medicinal plants are perfectly suited to interact with biological macromolecules like proteins and nucleic acids. All sources of natural products such as plants, microorganisms, animals, etc. are therefore biochemical potential. Aim. The goal was to present a typical plant often found in abandoned places, fields, meadows in the Podkarpacie region of Poland. Medicinal plants presented here were collected in Summer 2021 close to the city Jarosław. Material and methods. Plants collected for herbarium, immediately after harvest, are laid out between paper sheets that absorb moisture. Dried plants retain the shape of individual organs and usually also the colors. As the result of our collection, in this article are presented Papaver rhoeas L., Centaurea cyanus L., Capsella bursa – pastoris L., Taraxacum officinalle F.H., Wigg Coll and Lamium album L. Analysis of the literature. The desire to summarize information for future generations and to present the writings of the classical scholars to a wide audience was the major stimulations for presenting a most popular medicinal plants to the reader. The plants most often obtained for pharmaceutical purposes include: chamomile, fennel, St. John’s wort, nettle, mint, dandelion, yarrow, marshmallow, sage, foxglove, lemon balm, dandelion, rosehip, aloe, ginseng, and milk thistle. Conclusion. The history of plants collections is well documented.
EN
Introduction. The objective of this paper is to review the evidence of the use of herbs in phytotherapy. Aim. To discuss plant properties and applications in otorhinolaryngology. Materials and methods. We analysed literature and collected information of phythotherapy in otorhinolaryngology. Results. The databases were searched using various keywords such as phytotherapy, otorhinolaryngology, and herbs such as: echinacea, eucalyptus, garlic, ginkgo, ginseng, kava, pelargonium sidoides, rosemary, spirulina, St John’s wort, and thyme. Conclusions. Due to the beneficial impact of meicinal plants in medicine there is a growing interest in analytical identification and quantification for clinical medicine and forensic toxicology.
EN
Introduction. The daily use of medicinal plants has increased in recent years. The study of drugs of natural origin as an academic discipline and its applications in healthcare has changed remarkably but still focus on the quality of products and the development of new medicines. Aim. This study covers all fundamental aspects of pharmacognosy as well as topics relating to the therapeutic use of plant drugs known as phythotherapy. The purpose of the study was to review the literature about the use of Berberis. Materials and method. We reviewed the literature regarding the use of Berberis published between 1933 and 2018. We found more than 500 articles studying the properties of Berberis for digestive disorders, antibacterial, antidiabetic, hypotensive effects, anti-inflammatory effects, cholesterol regulation, cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia, cerebral ischemia trauma, mental disease, Alzheimer disease and osteoporosis. Our review includes recent studies regarding chemical composition and medicinal outcomes of Berberis
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Aim. This paper presents a review of scientific studies analyzing the biological properties of different species of Cistus sp. Materials and methods. Forty papers that discuss the current research of Cistus sp. as phytotherapeutic agent were used for this discussion. Literature analysis. The results of scientific research indicate that extracts from various species of Cistus sp. exhibit antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, cytotoxic and anticancer properties. These properties give rise to the possibility of using Cistus sp. as a therapeutic agent supporting many therapies
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Medicinal & Aromatic Plants

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EN
Introduction. The objective of this study is to discuss the potential of plants species in medical applications. Aim. The main purpose of this study is to discuss ethnobotanically selected plants used in medicine. Materials and methods. We analysed literature and collected information, data, and examples of selected plants used in medicine. Results. The literature shows that for several decades, the properties of medicinal plants have been investigated and reported in the biomedical and pharmaceutical literature. Conclusions. This review includes studies on plants material. The properties of various plants physiology were discuuses with the option for the use in phythotherapy
EN
Rośliny zielarskie są powszechnie wykorzystywane jako surowce w przemyśle farmaceutycznym. Od czasów starożytnych ziół używa się w leczeniu i zapobieganiu chorób. Jednakże w dzisiejszych czasach mogą one nie spełniać wymagań dotyczących jakości, bezpieczeństwa i skuteczności. Większość produktów ziołowych nie jest testowana, a ich efekty działania są słabo monitorowane. Konsekwencją tego jest niewystarczająca wiedza na temat przebiegu ich działania, skutków ubocznych, przeciwwskazań oraz interakcji z występującymi na rynku produktami farmaceutycznymi oraz żywnością. Przyczyną negatywnego wpływu surowców ziołowych na organizm może być ich zanieczyszczenie przez różne grzyby pleśniowe, powstające podczas zbioru, przetwarzania, przechowywania, a także dystrybucji. Zanieczyszczenie surowców zielarskich może być również spowodowane przez różnorodne metale ciężkie, które występują w wielu aspektach współczesnego życia. Celem niniejszej pracy jest przegląd informacji na temat stanu mykologicznego i chemicznego roślin leczniczych, a także wskazanie kilku ważnych wyzwań związanych z efektywnym monitorowaniem ich bezpieczeństwa.
EN
Introduction. Black pepper, Curcuma and Ginger are three of the most popular and most frequently used spices. Due to their beneficial medical and pharmacological properties, they are increasingly appreciated phytotheraputic plants. Most of their actions are attributed to their biochemical compositions. Aim. Our intention is to equip the reader with the information and knowledge necessary to understand the role of natural products in the drug discovery process and to enable the assessment of potential benefits and harms of plant-based medicines when advising patients who wish to use them. Material and methods. Analysis of literature. Results. In this paper, we reviewed the use of Black pepper, Curcuma and Ginger documented in the treatment of colds and flu,
PL
W referacie przedstawiono znaczenie wybranych, pospolicie występujących roślin leczniczych, np. Plantago lanceolata L., Achillea millefolium L., Taraxacum officinale F. H. Wigg., Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rauschert, Equisetum arvense L., Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik, Sambucus nigra L., Betula pendula L., Crataegus monogyna Jacq., Tilia cordata Mill., Sorbus aucuparia L., Pinus sylvestris L. Podano przykład konspektu zajęć terenowych dla uczniów dotyczący ich poznania i znaczenia w fitoterapii.
EN
Some of popular, medicine plants was described here, e.g. Plantago lanceolata L., Achillea millefolium L., Taraxacum officinale F. H. Wigg., Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rauschert, Equisetum arvense L., Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik, Sambucus nigra L., Betula pendula L., Crataegus monogyna Jacq., Tilia cordata Mill., Sorbus aucuparia L., Pinus sylvestris L. This is an example of field classes draft for school students (knowledge of medicinal plants and their importance in phytotherapy).
EN
The article probes the knowledge of Estonians in terms of medicinal plants, proceeding from the origin of the relevant knowledge. We have differentiated local and lobal knowledge. The concept of locality is closely related to indigenous plants and the knowledge thereof within the community. It is intrinsic of the local knowledge to combine two reciprocal criteria: first, the plant name is characteristic of a particular region (village, former parish, etc.), or, if there is no plant name, there is a recognisable description of the plant; secondly, unique and characteristic use of plants in a particular region. Global herbal folklore is associated with non-native and cultivated species, and can be recognised from among the relevant data according to the specific naming and intrinsic use of non-native plants, or by transferring the name and use of the alien plant to the local species, etc. In most cases, the introduced species do not have a folkloric name and are known only by way of the naming given by botanists. Pharmacies and chemist’s are the first major and recognisable institutions affecting herbal folklore, as the names of the sold drugs coincided with the names of species. The more thorough analysis focuses on how widespread in oral tradition is the name of the drug made of the roots of the wild rose. Likewise, diverse herbal knowledge has also been influenced by popular science books in Estonian, published for nearly 340 years, and is currently affected by the media and the relevant influential figures presented therein. A number of species, which used to be common, have become rare during recent decades and a similar tendency can also be noted in herbal folklore.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia zakres badań nad roślinami stosowanymi w danej polskiej medycynie ludowej, które prowadzali pracownicy naukowi Studium, Oddziału i Wydziału Farmaceutycznego Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego, następnie Akademii Medycznej, a od 2007 r. Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Poznaniu. W pracy nie uwzględniano zmian systematyki botanicznej i podano terminologię używaną przez autorów badań. Studia nad roślinami stosowanymi w dawnej polskiej medycynie ludowej były stałym elementem działalności naukowej poznańskiego Wydziału Farmaceutycznego w latach 1919-2015, jednak po 1989 r. stopniowo ustępowały miejsca badaniom roślin stosowanych w medycynie ludowej na innych kontynentach. Analizowane badania wskazują na stałą inspirację nauk farmaceutycznych medycyną ludową, choć nie wszyscy ich autorzy zdają sobie sprawę z etnogenezy swej działalności naukowej.
EN
This article focuses on the scope of research on plants used in the old Polish folk medicine, which were carried out by the Poznan Faculty of Pharmacy’s academic staff since 1919. Changes in botanical systematics were not included in the work and the terminology used by the authors of the research was given. Studies on plants used in the old Polish folk medicine contributed to the development of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences in 1919-2015, but after 1989 gradually gave way to investigations on plants used in folk medicine on other continents, especially Asia. Not all researchers were aware of the ethnogenesis of their research. The timeless influence of Polish medicinal plants and herbal medicines on learning was proved, but after 1989 gradually gave way to the study on plants used in folk medicine on other continents.
EN
Ancient and medieval pharmacological and medical texts contain a substantial amount of plant and mineral names. In some cases, the identification is straightforward. But for the majority of the data, we are unable to identify these ingredients with high certainty. In this paper, we discuss a selection of plant and mineral names both from a humanities and sciences point of view. In one case, the scientists were even able to examine a plant in situ. The conclusion of our paper is that a close collaboration between sciences and humanities is essential to avoid mistakes in the identification of materia medica.
EN
In the paper I focus on the problem of a contrastive description of medicinal plants with colour terms in the Polish and German linguistic picture of the world. The article discusses the question of what people think about the world and its elements on the base of herbs. Colours in the botanical nomenclature express some social contents, they are signs, have value and convey information about reality in two languages. They result from a complex set of circumstance e.g. traditions, habits, ways of life, experiences and the mentality of Poles and Germans. The contrastive description demonstrates also that the most plants have in both languages the names with ‘white’ and ‘black’.
PL
Niniejszy artykuł poświęcony jest semantyczno-kulturowej interpretacji nazw ziół w polskim i niemieckim językowym obrazie świata. Jego celem jest opis porównawczy nazw gatunkowych roślin leczniczych z komponentem barwy. Określenia takie są bogate znaczeniowo, przekazują nie tylko informacje o wartości i funkcji koloru w codziennym życiu, ale pokazują również, w jaki sposób ludzie w danej kulturze postrzegają, uwydatniają i wartościują elementy otaczającej ich rzeczywistości pozajęzykowej. Nomenklatura fitoterapeutyczna z elementem kolorystycznym jest bowiem produktem określonej kultury, łączącym w sobie elementy codziennego życia użytkowników danego języka, odzwierciedlającym tradycje, zwyczaje oraz sposoby myślenia członków danego narodu o rzeczywistości pozajęzykowej. Przedmiotem analizy jest materiał egzemplifikacyjny pochodzący ze źródeł leksykograficznych. Z badania wynika m.in., że językowy obraz nazw roślin leczniczych zależy nie tylko od wyglądu rośliny, jej walorów smakowych, wartości czy mocy, ale również od potrzeb i wybranych skojarzeń danej zbiorowości językowej, a największą reprezentację w nazwach ziół znalazły barwy biała i czarna.Słowa klucze: zioła, kolor, rzeczywistość, analiza, podobieństwa, różnice 
PL
Omówiono historyczne aspekty stworzenia biblioteki Wiktora Baworowskiego, a zwłaszcza warunki i okoliczności druku czeskiego Zielnika Mattioli. Wskazano na konstrukcję i treść ksiązki. Opisano cechy architektoniczne kodeksu, stan do czasu konserwacji, a także przebieg zabiegów restauratorskich.
EN
Historical aspects of the creation of the Victor Bavorovsky library, preconditions and circumstances of publication of the Czech edition of the Matrioli Herbarium, construction and informative filling of the incunabula are described. Architectonic features of the code, state of restoration, course of restoration measures are described.
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