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EN
The text raises the question of movement as a crucial category in the process of a child’s literary reception. The article reflects on the kinetic aspects of a text and a reader as well as on the perspective of a child’s subjective reception as dependent on personal predispositions of a child‑recipient. The author is interested in the intersections of the components of a literary work and the capabilities of a child‑recipient, that is, in the phenomenon called “reader response.” Referring to achievements of developmental psychology, the researcher introduces the figure of a child reader. Next, on the example of Jan Brzechwa’s poem “Stonoga,” she presents its mobility in language, pointing to the existence of “dynamic images,” created in a recipient’s imagination. In this way, she indicates the kinesthetic value of children’s literature.
EN
Physical education is an area in which most professionals focus only on the body and its needs. Most PE teachers do not believe that having an understanding of philosophy is important in order to be a good teacher. One might ask why the physical educators think this. Looking at the history of philosophy we might find the answer within philosophy itself. Physical education is an unquestionable part of the school curriculum, but it does not have the same value as other subjects. The importance of PE is underestimated as school administrators stress the importance of academic subjects. The reason why physical education is so strongly separated from academic disciplines is because of its roots in ancient Greek times, when the soul was separated from the body. Medieval scholars stressed the importance of soul and cursed body as the nest of sins. From then on we have had dualism, a term which is widely adopted by western society. Dualism is so deep in us that we do not realize its impact any more. Other strong educational influence came from great thinkers such as: Comenius (1592-1670), Rousseau (1712-1778) and Dewey (1859-1952). Particularly Dewey's influence on American education, society, psychology, philosophy and way of life is significant. An importance of the experience is valued by Pragmatism. Pragmatists believe that the curriculum should be focused on the child and not on facts, they remind us about the role of education in society, and about the realization of the deep roots of division of our bodily and mental functions. The opportunities offered by the pragmatist's approach to education can help us to improve U.S. education, particularly physical education, and thus to use this to improve the state of American society.
EN
The paper presents a comparative study between expressions of the general language and specialist terms with a similar scope. All the analysed expressions of the general language, i.e. mostly units and constructions with the morphemes -ruch-, -gest-, pokaz-, and -mig-, describe in contemporary Polish motional actions of humans. As shown by contradiction tests, some of them are in addition limited to only relaying communicatively significant hand movements, revealing the existing linguistic opposition between movement and gesture, cf. -ruch- vs -gest-. An analogous contrast can also be found in the specialist language, cf. e.g. McNeill (1992) or Poggi (2007), where however gesture is used as an umbrella term for all expressive movements, cf. e.g. Kendon (2004), Lynn (2011, 2014). Furthermore, Kendon’s 1980 distinction between gesture and gesticulation understood as expressive hand movements accompanying speech, is considered to be a novel finding. It is however not taken into account that this opposition has been known to the general language for at least several hundred years and may well have been the (unwitting) inspiration for Kendon. This fact emphasizes the usefulness of research into communicative phenomena in the context of analyses of the general (meta)language.
EN
The subject of the article is a presentation of selected works of the contemporary artist against the background of the travel motif. Różycki describes himself as a peripatetic, and transfers that feature to the subjects of his texts. The theme of the journey is one of the most important themes of Różycki's works, manifesting not only in physical wandering, but also in mental travel. This sketch presents selected works in the context of a journey to many geographical spaces and as memorable treks seeking to get to know their own identity. An important element is the presentation of the context of family memories, focusing on the theme of migration from the Kresy Wschodnie to Upper Silesia (Opole). The movement in Różycki's works presents the need for contemporary man to move as a way to determine his own identity.
XX
The article reveals the specific features of nomadism on the basis of an analysis of the work of poststructuralists, social philosophers. These include the increase in the speeds and frequency of movements of material and virtual objects; blurring the line between Home and work due to the proliferation of the Internet; short duration and simulative interpersonal contacts; a change in the topology of a social space designed according to the principles of a smooth and rhizome space in metropolis, which leads to a nonstop movement. It has been established that in Russian reality manifestations of nomadism can be found in the design and use of spaces of large cities, in the motorization of the population, the development of international and domestic tourism, as well as the emergence of the phenomenon of digital nomads.
Journal of Pedagogy
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2014
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vol. 5
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issue 1
65-89
EN
Traditional (e.g., constructivist) accounts of knowledge ground its origin in the intentional construction on the part of the learner. Such accounts are blind to the fact that learners, by the fact that they do not know the knowledge to be learned, cannot orient toward it as an object to be constructed. In this study, I provide a phenomenological account of the naissance (birth) of knowledge, two words that both have their etymological origin in the same, homonymic Proto-Indo-European syllable ĝen-, ĝenә-, ĝnē-, ĝnō-. Accordingly, the things of the world and the bodily movements they shape, following Merleau-Ponty (1964), are pregnant with new knowledge that cannot foresee itself, and that no existing knowledge can anticipate. I draw on a study of learning in a second-grade mathematics classroom, where children (6-7 years) learned geometry by classifying and modeling 3-dimensional objects. The data clearly show that the children did not foresee, and therefore did not intentionally construct, the knowledge that emerged from the movements of their hands, arms, and bodies that comply with the forms of things. Implications are drawn for classroom instruction
7
Content available remote

Kaszubi – ćwierć wieku po wielkiej zmianie

83%
EN
The object of the article is to present changes that took effect after 1989 in Kashubia and its society in the sphere of identity, institutions, policy and adopted legal regulations. Analysis focuses on the institutional dimension (changes in the Kashubian movement, its pluralization, organizational development, access to new spheres of activity) and the identity of the group. Special attention is drawn to the deep changes introduced in education, mass media and scholarship. In the light of conducted research the Kashubian community appears to be a close-knit group, immune to assimilation processes, with a strong sense of distinction, but at the same time in its vast majority attached to the Polish national identity and with a definite self-image (the main characteristics of this autostereotype include: piety, diligence, devotion to one’s land, perseverance even up to the point of obstinacy, patriotism); the group also has quite a numerous elite.
EN
The article proposes a reconstruction of the basic assumptions of the concept of movement introduced by Deleuze and Guattari in A Thousand plateaus. The reconstruction, based on the strategy of a close reading, distinguishes three basic elements describing the absolute movement of war machine: a contingent change of direction dictated by a factual necessity, free action and a creative act. The context of reflection on the movement of a war machine is the question of its role in developing urbanity. The article puts forward the thesis that the city and its culture is the effect of a productive tension between the smooth and striated space, the duration of which depends on maintaining difference which divide them.
EN
The aim of the considerations presented in this paper is to determine the specificity of movement in contemporary dance. This specificity is considered at three levels: as the relationship of body parts to each other, as the relation of the body and part of it to the stage space, and as the relation of the body and parts of it to the qualitative parameters of movement such as speed, tension and size. The research data consist of the descriptions of dance performances, which are published in printed or electronic form during the organization of conferences, meetings and dance theatre festivals.
EN
Polska Partia Socjalistyczna, called “reborn” by its supporters, and “licensed” or “false” by its antagonists, was created on 10th–11th September 1944, during a socialists’ conference held in Lublin (so-called 15th Congress of the PSP). The power elite in the party was made up of 57 people in total. It was a circle dominated by well educated men, mostly young and middle-aged, most of whom had been bound up with the party since the 1920s and 30s. On average, every second one of them was in the occupied country between 1939 and 1945, and only every eighth in the Soviet Union. Despite this, one should not underestimate the influence of the so-called “natives” in the PSP elite, since they were functioning within two, ideologically different, streants of Polish socialism. That was why they found it relatively easy to sever links with their socialist past and made their way into the ranks of the newly created Communist authorities.
EN
Background: The paper focuses on the problem of the effect of dance as a part of movement activities on human emotions and their experiencing in students. The movement activity has a positive impact not only on physical health of a human being, but also on his mental health. Movement not only serves to increase physical fitness in healthy subjects, physical activities suitably chosen can be applied in an effective way in with weakened organ systems. The movement is nowadays considered a suitable tool to eliminate excessive stress. Research results: The study summarises our research results of positive effect of dance on experiencing emotions of students that were verified and supported by medical practice that claims positive effect of movement on mental health of an individual. Our research results indicate that respondents from dance group experienced more positive emotions than the respondents from movement group. A statistically significant difference was found at the level of significance (p = 0.0425) in the respondents from dance group (Me = 16). Their frequency of experiencing positive emotions is statistically higher than in the respondents from movement group (Me = 13).
EN
Music therapy and choreotherapy are two extensive term. They do not apply only music, movement and therapy, but they include a lot of modern science, for example: psychology, music psychology, psychotherapy, psychiatry, medicine, pedagogy, special pedagogy, music education, physic education, audiology, acoustics, psychoacoustic, speech therapy, sociology, music philosophy, musicology and diffrent kind of therapy by art and movement. Therefore sound therapy and movement therapy is trans–disciplinary. It is unique thing like music and natural thing like movement. Basic kind of movement with music in therapy and rehabilitation: dance, recreation with music and movement, gymnastic with music and physical improvisation. The effectiveness of methods that use sound and movement in hearing and speech therapy is due to fact that: music and speech include rhythm, melody, tempo, volume, articulation, timbre, phrasing, accents etc.; speech development can coincide with motor development. The movement is main form child’s development. Disorders in the motor development of the child have a direct or indirect impact on the development of the child’s speech. When we teach our child motor development, also we support the development of speech, becouse the brain has one point that connect these two features. Music and movement activities with elements of music therapy, choreotherapy and rhythm therapy trains sense of rhythm, hearing and music memory and it is very important for harmonious and quiet growing up child’s – on a intellectual, physical, emotional and social plane, because of it all of processes that work in adult organism are improved. Main objective of the activities is develop different skills, attitudes and habits.
13
72%
EN
Translation of Mieke Bal's chapter into Polish 
PL
The notions of the road and home, as well as home-coming, home-leaving, homelessness, and homeliness, have taken its essential place in philosophical research. Based on the mythological stories about Ulysses, Theseus, or Heracles, this metaphor is used to name the process of constant movement as a form of human existence. Zygmunt Bauman, whose life was also a continuous movement, both physical and mental, uses the metaphor of movement while describing the moral situation of today’s society. This text aims to analyse the models of human existence proposed by Bauman, to discuss the differences and similarities between them, and to put them into a broader context while discussing Otherness, contemporary ethics, and exile. The article also explores the possibilities of existence and applicability of the figures proposed by Zygmunt Bauman in the contemporary world.
EN
This article is an attempt to link the attributes of “Solidarity” with the movement’s place in the theory of social movements. The evolutionary paradigm has left a gap with respect to selection and systematisation of these movements. The historical approach must be adopted in order to fill in this gap. It is therefore necessary to focus on “Solidarity” as a special case in the context of the history of nation, within the framework of the totalitarian macro-formation produced by the solutions adopted after World War II. “Solidarity’s” contribution was not limited to one country only. It also helped to trigger more general transformation and globalisation processes. The rationality of “Solidarity” is rooted in systemic contingencies which required the development of an effectivemethod-sit-in strikes-but also negotiations with the regime. However, the democratic culture rooted in national tradition was the decisive factor. In the West, the state was already being viewed as an obsolete form, whereas the lesson which was learned from the Polish experience was that the sovereign state is essential for reform and modernisation. The validity of this lesson was confirmed in practice. The author argues that “Solidarity” did not fit into the schematic distinction between “old” and “new” movements. Class interests were not a priority, neither were the interests of minorities, as they are in the West.
EN
The study reports on social relations among peers in the contexts of various educational institutions. The aim of the study is to emphasize the importance of bodily expressions and their involvement in the constitution of peer-to-peer interactions, with focus on the ethnography of the body, reflecting rather the participants’ behaviour than their speech. The author comments on various forms of corporeal contacts as key factors in the creation of peer groups and the intentional peer learning.
EN
Nomadism in postmodern stands as a principle of diffusion, allocation of bodies on social plane, implying a disruption with any fixedness: with Homeland, Home, family, identity. This principle is based on the constant movement, changes of the body. The following strategy forms a special chronotopy: space is constructed rhysomically (astructurally, acentered with equality of all possible directions of movement), and time is read a a cyclic present or as deplyment of past-future (Chronos and Eon in the concept of G. Deleuze). With transition to postmodern not only a man became a carrier of nomadic features, but also the bodies of an objective world became nomadic. Miniaturization of objects , which is accompanied by their intellectual filling, allows them to not only dive in an act of movement, but also incite movememnt and form space for realization of their own movement. A car, which in modern performed the function of subjugation of space with speed, in postmodern changed its functionality to comfort, and seriously influenced the formation of the map of the city. In this article a phenomenon of autonomadism is explored (embodiment of nomadism as a social strategy of mobility) through automobilization of society. Theoretical basis of the study is nomadological project of Deleuze – Guattari and concept of paradygm of mobility J. Urry. Among indicators which allow to talk about autonomadism are chronotopical metamorphosis in the reading of ambient landscape of motorists and the loss of identity, which led to the occurence of a hybrid “driver – car”. The following study showed that in postmodern Russian cities – metropolis a quiescence is seen as deviation and is socially excluded, spaces of quiet ar colonized by cars, sedentary places are exiled from the city or demand high economical expenses, which makes the settled way of life unprofitable.
EN
In this article I attempt to show that grammatical categories such as the adverbs dabei (with it/them) and doch (but, still) in German can be explained as prosodic, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic continuum based on their core meaning. Some classifications described and maintained in the traditional grammar of German, especially represented by the „valency grammar“, i.e. classifications as „sentential adverbs“ or „discourse markers“, therefore should be neutralized and newly considered. The grammatical categories in charge should be understood as crossing over the unit of sentence, and in this respect they are not „Satzglieder“ (sentence constituents), but „Äußerungsglieder“ (utterance constituents) as Darski (2010) claims. In the „adverbial“ area prosodic features and syntactic positions closely correspond to each other and on the other hand semantic contents and pragmatic effects do correspond too. The continuous scale of the elements dabei and doch can be seen as an ample example for demonstrating the „iconic“ relation between prosody/syntax and semantics/pragmatics, i.e. between forms and functions.
EN
The author presents the evolution of the attitude towards the art of Roma artists, who in the past were often perceived as representatives of a folk art, and who are now professional artists whose work often does not have any connection with the ethnicity of their authors. The author critically analyses the concept of authenticity in art by pointing out the presence of diverse aesthetic traditions in the works of Roma artists and concludes that the ethnicity of an artist is unimportant and the contemporary generation of Roma artists has escaped the stigma of an ethnic art.
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